shokuh o sadat bani jamali
Volume 1, Issue 2 , January 2011, , Pages 47-74
Abstract
The present study was aimed at standardizing the Physical, Mood and Affective characteristics Inventory in accordance with cultural attributes of Iranian society. The study was accomplished in two preliminary and final stages. In preliminary stage, an inventory consisting of 51 items was administered ...
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The present study was aimed at standardizing the Physical, Mood and Affective characteristics Inventory in accordance with cultural attributes of Iranian society. The study was accomplished in two preliminary and final stages. In preliminary stage, an inventory consisting of 51 items was administered on 52 subjects with mental illness and 52 subjects who were mentally healthy. In final stage, the inventory was administered on a randomly selected sample, comprising 2335 subjects. In preliminary stage, the formal validity, criterion validity in relation to MMPI (short form) and differential validity were calculated. The results indicated that the inventory had desirable validity. In addition, the consistency coefficient of the inventory was obtained utilizing cronbach's a- method for both patient and non-patient groups (0.92 and 0.93, respectively). In final stage, the validity of inventory was calculated using factor analysis. The obtained value of Bartlett's test of sphericity was 0.63. 13 factors were derived based on scree test and with the preassumption of eigenvalue above (1). Omitting the extra factors, 6 out of 13 exploratory factors were left, as the main ones. The correlation Coefficient of each item score with the total score was calculated the index of internal consistency. The obtained coefficients were all significant (p<0/001). The criterion validity of the inventory, gained through concurrent administration with SCL-90 test on 320 subjects, was significant(p<0/001). Differential validity for the main sample (n=2335) was obtained by calculating the differences of mean scores for high school and college students, as well as boys and girls separately, on six factors. The reliability of the inventory was obtained utilizing, loop method. The value of total reliability coefficient, along with reliability coefficient, along with reliability coefficient in case of items omission, were a=0/9006 and a=0/9566 for the first and econd administrations respectively. The reliability of the inventory was also gained through test-retest method, with the correlation coefficient being signification at 0.99 level of confidence. Ultimately, the inventory norm, T and Z normal scores were obtained and normative hexagonal model was presented for sample groups separately.
marjan ghavami; Mohammadreza Abedi; Prisa Nilfrooshan
Abstract
Abstract Purpose: The purpose of the research is to investigate the factor structure of academic success questionnaire (Salehi, 2014) by confirmatory factor analysis approach. Method: The research method is descriptive. The study population of the research includes all the high school students in Isfahan ...
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Abstract Purpose: The purpose of the research is to investigate the factor structure of academic success questionnaire (Salehi, 2014) by confirmatory factor analysis approach. Method: The research method is descriptive. The study population of the research includes all the high school students in Isfahan 2014-15 academic year, that were about 158304 students. The research sample includes 400 male and female students in the academic, who were selected by multi-staged cluster sampling. In order to investigate the factor structure, AMOS 20 software was used. Findings: The results from confirmatory factor analysis show that the four factors of average, students’ views, parents and teachers in defining objective academic success are significant and the three subscales of academic satisfaction, a sense of academic success and academic conservation in defining subjective academic success are significant. Finally, the presented model shows that two hidden items of objective academic success and subjective academic success in defining academic success are significant and powerful. Conclusion: Regarding the findings of the research, it is an error to consider only one criterion, namely the average, to evaluate the progress and academic success of students and it is recommended to use the academic success questionnaire (Salehi, 2014) to evaluate the level of academic success of students at schools.
Borzoo Amirpour; Afsaneh Shahbazirad
Abstract
Background: Self-efficacy is considered as an important factor in self-concept, motivational theories and health-related behaviors. Aim: This study carried out to investigate the confirmatory factor analysis, validity and reliability of social self-efficacy scale in Iranian students. Method: This correlation ...
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Background: Self-efficacy is considered as an important factor in self-concept, motivational theories and health-related behaviors. Aim: This study carried out to investigate the confirmatory factor analysis, validity and reliability of social self-efficacy scale in Iranian students. Method: This correlation study was a type of validation that social self-efficacy questionnaire of Grieve et al (2014), general social self-efficacy of Schwarzer & Jerusalem (1995), social indifference, acceptance and social solidarity questionnaire were given for 750 students at Kermanshah and Kangavar University of Payam Noor and Azad Islamic University of Kermanshah that selected available manner. In order to calculate the reliability used from the internal consistency method and for assessment contemporary validity used from correlation between the scores of the mentioned tools. For determine the construct validity used factor analysis. The software used to analyze the data was SPSS and Amos. Results: The results of factor analysis showed that most of the items in the tool, except for items 4,5, 9, and 16, had an appropriate load factor and five factors had a higher value than one and were explained 47/04 % of the observed variances. This matter could indicate a fairly relevant factor of the social self-efficacy questionnaire. Correlation coefficients showed that the contemporary validity of social self-efficacy scale with other tools was good. For internal consistency by using the Cronbach's alpha method and duplicate, that the values were 0.83 and 0.76, respectively was obtained. Conclusion: The scale of social self-efficacy has a good validity and reliability, and this scale can be used in clinical and research positions
foruzan baghebanzade; morteza omidian; Gholam hosein Maktabi
Abstract
Background: High school is an inevitable conflict as a collective place in the presence of adolescents with many interpersonal relationships with their peers. In the present study, student’s conflict is defined as a mode of incompatible behaviors or goals and tension between students and values, ...
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Background: High school is an inevitable conflict as a collective place in the presence of adolescents with many interpersonal relationships with their peers. In the present study, student’s conflict is defined as a mode of incompatible behaviors or goals and tension between students and values, communication styles and different perspectives, and in this context, social skills including conflict management skills will be necessary for improving Students' social and mental adaptation. Purpose: The present study is done to investigate the validity and reliability of conflict management questionnaire. Methodology: The statistical population of this research is all girls in the second grade of secondary school in Dezful city and 300 students have a satisfactory internal consistency through stratified sampling method and their alpha coefficients is 0.81. Confirmatory factor analysis was also used to verify the validity of the questionnaire and the results showed that the fit of data is preserved by deleting questions number 12 and 18 and the structure of the questionnaire has acceptable according to the data. Conclusion: According to the obtained data, Conflict Management Questionnaire is a suitable tool for measuring conflict resolution strategies in high school and this questionnaire can be used for research on conflict resolution strategies.
rezvan salehi; Mohammad Reza Abedi; Iran Bagheban; Parisa Nilforooshan
Volume 4, Issue 16 , July 2014, , Pages 49-66
Abstract
The purpose of present research was to investigate factor structure, convergent validity and reliability of career adaptability scale (CAAS). The research statistic population was first-year high school students in shahrekord. The samples were 400 students (200 males, 200 females) that were selected ...
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The purpose of present research was to investigate factor structure, convergent validity and reliability of career adaptability scale (CAAS). The research statistic population was first-year high school students in shahrekord. The samples were 400 students (200 males, 200 females) that were selected by cluster random sampling. Research instruments were Career adaptability scale and NEO Personality Inventory. Data were analyzed by using factor analysis and correlation tests. Confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the hypothesized model was consistent with data and Career adaptability scale had four separate factors include concern, control, curiosity and confidence. Its internal consistency by using Cronbachs' Alpha was 0/91 and the 4-week test-retest coefficient was 0/92. Neo-scale correlation test also showed that every four career adaptability scales with four of the five factors of personality include extraversion, agreeableness, openness and conscientiousness positively correlated and have a significant inverse association with neuroticism factor. given to these results, It can be said Career adaptability scale is an appropriate and valid instrument for measuring students' career adaptability.
Naser Shirbaigi; azad hamati
Volume 1, Issue 3 , April 2011, , Pages 49-73
Abstract
his study examined the psychometric properties of a Persian translation of the Fennema-Sherman Mathematics Attitudes Scales among a sample of 400 Iranian high school students. A structural equation modeling strategy via Lisrel 8 (with item parceling procedure) was employed in estimating parameters. ...
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his study examined the psychometric properties of a Persian translation of the Fennema-Sherman Mathematics Attitudes Scales among a sample of 400 Iranian high school students. A structural equation modeling strategy via Lisrel 8 (with item parceling procedure) was employed in estimating parameters. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess construct validity of the nine latent variables, with each latent variable measured by 12 observed variables. The results of this study indicate an acceptable fit between the proposed model and the observed data. From all the 108 items (measured variables), 91 items correlated with their respective factors at a reasonably strong level. In general, the Persian translation of the FSMAS has acceptable psychometric properties. The fit of the proposed confirmatory factor analytic model provides evidence for the scale’s construct validity. The sample used in the present study may be minimally representative of the general population and replication is needed. .
zahra salman; zeinab khosravi; ehsan zareyan; bita Ajilghi
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the sports injury anxiety questionnaire. 237 male athletes from individual and team sports including freestyle and Roman wrestling, taekwondo, badminton, football, basketball, athletics, wushu, karate, judo, fitness, skiing, volleyball ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the sports injury anxiety questionnaire. 237 male athletes from individual and team sports including freestyle and Roman wrestling, taekwondo, badminton, football, basketball, athletics, wushu, karate, judo, fitness, skiing, volleyball and some sporadic athletes from other fields were selected by available sampling. Their average sport record was 32 ± 1 years, and age was 55± 10 years. After translation into Persian and confirmation by several specialists, the questionnaire, was presented to athletes, and then it was analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis showed that the eigenvalues were as: the first factors 5/876, the second factor 2/101, the third 2/028, the fourth 1/ 267, the fifth 1/155, and the sixth factor 1/ 114. The percentage of cumulative variance was 56/ 420 In total, so that the percentages of variance were 24 /482percent for Loss of athletic ability, 8/ 754percent for discouraging certain people from person, 8/ 450percent for re-injury, 5/ 280percent for poor perception of oneself, 4/812 percent for the loss of social support, and 4/642 percent for disorders of self-concept,,respectively. Model fitting indices by confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the chi-square value equal to 553 /40, at the significant level was p = 0/0, which was (276) away from the degree of freedom independent. The ratio of chi-square to degree of freedom was 3543/96. The comparative fit index was equal to (0/90) and normative fit index was equal to (0/84) and root mean square error of estimate was (0/078). In general, all the indicators of the model were favorable. Internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha was 0/853, which is acceptable and desirable.
Somayeh Kaveh; Ebrahim Khodaie; Amin Musavi; Ali Moghadamzadeh; jalil Younesi
Abstract
In order to facilitate the interpretation of raw scores, they are usually converted to scale scores. In some cases, these conversions are a series of nonlinear transformations that can affect the conditional standard error of measurement throughout the scale of score. Therefore, the purpose of this study ...
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In order to facilitate the interpretation of raw scores, they are usually converted to scale scores. In some cases, these conversions are a series of nonlinear transformations that can affect the conditional standard error of measurement throughout the scale of score. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to introduce methods for calculating the conditional standard error of measurement based on the strong true score theory. Furthermore, comparison of normalized and equipercentile nonlinear transformations on the raw scores of the academic achievements of the graduates of mathematical sciences in 2014 and their effect on conditional standard error of measurement was also conducted. So, in order to achieve these purposes, we used a sample of 3943 high school graduates of Mathematics and Physics in 2014 who had participated in national university entrance examination in 2015 randomly selected by National Organization of Educational Testing. The conditional standard error of measurement under these transformations was estimated based on the binomial procedure of Brennan and Lee (1999) and Chang (2006) method based on the beta-binomial distribution. The results of this study indicated that the conditional standard error of measurement of the Chang was smoother than binomial procedure, but in both methods the estimated errors are larger for middle points and smaller for extreme points. Additionally, the conditional standard errors of measurement of equipercentile were always less than normalized tranformation, so the equipercentile method found to be better than normalized transformation.
Farzaneh Fadavy; Farzad Zandi; Houshang Jadidi
Abstract
AbstractThis study aimed to develop and investigate the factor structure of the academic imposter scale among nursing students. The research method was descriptive correlational research that the statistical population consisted of all students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences who were selected ...
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AbstractThis study aimed to develop and investigate the factor structure of the academic imposter scale among nursing students. The research method was descriptive correlational research that the statistical population consisted of all students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences who were selected using a simple random sampling method. Based on G*power the software A sample size was randomly selected as 220 students of the paramedical school. To collect information, theoretical and empirical sources were used to plan the initial design of educational pretension and after a researcher-made tool based on practical and experimental foundations, which included 39 questions. SPSS and AMOS with psychometric and confirmative analysis methods were used to analyze the data. The results of analyzing theoretical and empirical basics associated with academic imposter 39 markers about an academic imposter in 5 main components of disability, external control, and family support, the expectations of others, felt deception and felt guilty. The result in statistical analysis of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the RMSEA was confirmed by 0.068 and ultimately proved that the tool with five final components based on quantitative results. Finally, based on the results obtained in this study and the consistency of these results, with theoretical and empirical foundations, the conclusion is that educational instruments in this study can use to detect individuals with the academic imposter and relate to other variables affecting academic performance Use.
javad shahlaei; Vali Alizadeh; mohammad heidari
Abstract
The present study has been conducted with the aim of designing and validating the Scale of Iran handball development strategies. to conduct this research, has been used a combined research method. the statistical population of the study was all managers and staff of the Handball Federation, experts and ...
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The present study has been conducted with the aim of designing and validating the Scale of Iran handball development strategies. to conduct this research, has been used a combined research method. the statistical population of the study was all managers and staff of the Handball Federation, experts and university professors, managers, coaches, active and retired adult players of the national team and all referees of international level and Premier League with a statistical population of 200 people. 14 people were selected by purposive sampling and in the quantitative section, 130 people were selected by convenience sampling method based on Morgan table. In order to collect data, a semi-structured interview was used in the qualitative part and a researcher-made questionnaire was used in the quantitative part. The validity and reliability of the research instrument was evaluated and confirmed in both qualitative and quantitative sections. For data analysis in the qualitative part, was used the Grand Theory and in the quantitative part, was used the confirmatory factor analysis method. The results of the qualitative and quantitative part of the research showed that the tool developed for Iran handball development strategies consists of five concepts with 17 components. Also, the results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the developed research tool has a very good fit. Finally, the questionnaire designed in this study can be used as a suitable tool to assess handball development strategies in the federation, delegations and handball clubs.
mohammad solgi; hossein Eskandar; ali delavar; Ahmad borjali
Abstract
Abstract: The present study with the purpose of construct, making reliable and validity screening of national and social identity test has been carried out. the social identity is composed of 3 parts including ethnic identity, religious identity and modern identity. Firstly, the components and then their ...
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Abstract: The present study with the purpose of construct, making reliable and validity screening of national and social identity test has been carried out. the social identity is composed of 3 parts including ethnic identity, religious identity and modern identity. Firstly, the components and then their concerned questions were compiled for each sub test. Therefore, the questions of national identity (90 questions) and ethnic identity (68 questions) was arranged in a 158 question questionnaire and the questions of religious identity (72 questions) and modern identity (72 questions) in another questionnaire with 144 questions. Two questionnaires were carried out in preliminary performance on a sample of the students of Tehran Universities. After the preliminary performance, by using items' analysis method, 80 items were omitted of the first questionnaire (158 questions) and in total, 161 items were omitted. Alpha coefficient of the first questionnaire (158 questions) is 0/978 after analysis of the questions. In the second questionnaire (144 questions), the alpha coefficient is 0/957 after omitting the unsuitable items. From questions of the first questionnaire and questions of the second questionnaire, a 141 item questionnaire was formed which its alpha coefficient is 0/965. This questionnaire in main performance on a mixed sample of 410 students of Tehran was carried out. Factor analysis method was used in this step for test analysis. During factor analysis process, 31 factors were recognized in total which 13 factors could be named. In sub test of national identity, 10 factors were recognized which 5 factors could be named. Also, in modern identity 8 factors were recognized which 2 factors were definable.With regard to the results of this research, this questionnaire is of suitable reliability and validity and the obtained elements from factor analysis can measure the national and social identity of students in a suitable manner.
Sharareh Sabahi; Siavash Talepasand
Abstract
Successful intelligence integrated set of abilities required for success in life. The present study was conducted To evaluate the validity and reliability of teaching for successful intelligence questionnaire. The Statistical Society were all public high schools teachers in Tehran in the 93-94 school ...
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Successful intelligence integrated set of abilities required for success in life. The present study was conducted To evaluate the validity and reliability of teaching for successful intelligence questionnaire. The Statistical Society were all public high schools teachers in Tehran in the 93-94 school year.The sample size in this research was included 404 (278 women, 126 men) teachers that were selected with Cluster random sampling of Tehran public high schools. All they completed the teaching for succeessful Intelligence Questionnaire and NEO personality questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis, correlation item-total score, and Exploratory factor analysis was conducted.Exploratory factor analysis with principle component method, confirmed four factors (ability to memorize, repeat and restate ability, analytical - creative ability and practical abilitiy) for questionnaire teaching for successful intelligence. . The results showed an acceptable internal consistency and Cronbach's alpha coefficients subscales is respectively between 0/67 (repeat and restate ability) to 0/89 (analytical - creative ability). External validity between dimensions of teaching for successful intelligence questionnaire and Neo personality questionnaire were evaluated. Between analytical - creative abilities with Neuroticism is negative relationship And significant, Was found Between extraversion and creative - analytical and practical abilities, between Analytical - creative abilities with openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness, between Practical ability with agreeableness and between memorize ability and to repeat and restate ability with Agreeableness and conscientiousness positive relationship And significant. According to the desirable psychometric properties This questionnaire is a useful tool for the study of the teaching for succeessful Intelligence in teachers.
Mohammad Koohi; Yaser Garavand; Abas Ghasemzadeh; Ehsan Abbasi Josheghani
Abstract
Emotions are intimately involved in virtually every aspect of the teaching and learning process and good teaching is charged with positive emotions. Therefore; an understanding of the nature of emotions within the educational context is essential. This study aimed to investigate the Psychometric Properties ...
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Emotions are intimately involved in virtually every aspect of the teaching and learning process and good teaching is charged with positive emotions. Therefore; an understanding of the nature of emotions within the educational context is essential. This study aimed to investigate the Psychometric Properties of the emotions in the teaching Inventory of Trigwell (2012). The research method was descriptive-correlative. Teachers of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad were the research population. The required sample size was determined 280 based on the Cochran formula and participants were selected by the relative class sampling method. The Content Validity of inventory was evaluated by 5 experts based on the CVI Index. The validity was determined by confirmatory factor analysis and the reliability of ETI was confirmed by internal consistency (Cochran`s alpha) and test-retest method. The goodness of fit indexes was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Also, the alpha coefficient for total size was 0/89 and for subscales was from 0/73 to 0/84. Hence, Results showed that Emotions in the teaching Inventory had acceptable psychometric properties in the sample of university teachers and can be used as a valid scale in studies related to the teaching emotions.
abdolreza akbari; Gholamhossein Maktabi; morteza omidian; Askar Atashafrouz,
Abstract
AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the validity, reliability and factor structure of the "How I Think" questionnaire to assess cognitive distortions in Iranian students. The present research design is descriptive and psychometric studies. The statistical population of this study included ...
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AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the validity, reliability and factor structure of the "How I Think" questionnaire to assess cognitive distortions in Iranian students. The present research design is descriptive and psychometric studies. The statistical population of this study included all male high school students in city Dezful in the academic year 1399-1400, from which 316 students were selected by multi-stage random sampling and completed the How I think and Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaires (for Convergent validity). Factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the data using SPSS and AMOS 20 software. The results of factor analysis showed that the questionnaire consists of six factors and has good fit indices. The convergent validity of this questionnaire indicated a satisfactory correlation between the dimensions of the scale "How I think" with the Aggression Questionnaire (p <0.01). Cronbach's alpha and Split- half coefficients for the whole scale and its dimensions ranged from 0.66 to 0.92.The conclusion is that the Persian version of the "How do I think" questionnaire for measuring cognitive distortions in Iranian students has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used as a valid tool in research, educational and clinical situations.
Reza Morad Sahraee; Mina Hamedi
Abstract
Testing is an important part of teaching any language and an important part of learning a language. Vocabulary size test is one of placement tests that is used to determine the level of lexical knowledge of language learners .This test is designed in many languages and its vacancy was felt in the Persian. ...
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Testing is an important part of teaching any language and an important part of learning a language. Vocabulary size test is one of placement tests that is used to determine the level of lexical knowledge of language learners .This test is designed in many languages and its vacancy was felt in the Persian. To design a vocabulary size test, one must pay attention to the frequency of the words used and linguistic corpus. The corpus used in this research is including paper texts in seven different fields. To design this test for each group of words, 80 questions were designed and arranged from high-frequency to low-frequency. The questions were computerized and the link was sent to the language learners. 130 people answered the test. 45 language learners also participated in the retest. Analysis showed that the mean test scores increased with the language level of the language learners. Skewness and Analysis of variance also showed that the data distribution was normal and the difference between the mean scores of different groups of novice, elementary, intermediate and advanced in this test was significant. Calculation of the correlation between test scores and retest scores indicates a strong correlation and test reliability. The interpretation of the scores of different language levels was also done and it was determined that each language level of the score can determine which language level. Based on this research, it can be said that the vocabulary size test can determine the language level of language learners as a placement test.
hasan mohammad thehrani; abdollah shafi abadi; mohammad reza falsafi nejhad; simin hoseynian
Volume 2, Issue 8 , July 2012, , Pages 65-84
Abstract
Many people have difficulty making career decisions. Dysfunctional thinking about themselves and their decision-making abilities has been shown to contribute to indecision, anxiety, and depression, which may in turn inhibit career development. Based on cognitive information processing (CLP) approach, ...
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Many people have difficulty making career decisions. Dysfunctional thinking about themselves and their decision-making abilities has been shown to contribute to indecision, anxiety, and depression, which may in turn inhibit career development. Based on cognitive information processing (CLP) approach, evaluation and intervention, the Career Thought Inventory (CTI) (Sampson, Peterson, Lenz, Reardon, & Saunders, 1996/1998) is provided to improve the quality of decision-making. The purpose of this study is to determine the psychometric properties of CTI among the students of Islamic Azad University of Kerman. First, the original form of CTI was translated into Persian and then back into English to understand the questions correctly and compare the translated form to the original one. 520 university students (322 females and 198 males) were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Test- retest and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used to determine the reliability of the test while factor analysis, varimax rotations, content, construct, convergent and criterion validity were used to determine its validity. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest methods calculated scale reliability as 0.93, total score as 0.82, DMC as 0.88 and 0.77, CA as 0.77 and 0.71, and EC as 0.59 and 0.65. Significant correlations between each item and the total score indicated internal consistency. Factor analysis of data and Scree plot showed three factors. Correlations among CTI scales and CIP content dimensions confirmed the content validity of the scale. The results showed that CTI and its subscales (DMC, CA, and EC) have acceptable validity and reliability and can be used to determine dysfunctional career thoughts. They also demonstrated that there were significant differences between single and married as well as employed and unemployed students (p<0/01), but no significant difference between female and male students (p>0/05).
morteza tahery; Mojtaba Taheri
Abstract
Abstract The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the reflective leadership assessment instruments at schools. Literature review suggests, although reflective learning is not new knowledge, reflective leadership is a novel approach at school management and leadership, and in few studies ...
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the reflective leadership assessment instruments at schools. Literature review suggests, although reflective learning is not new knowledge, reflective leadership is a novel approach at school management and leadership, and in few studies in this field have not established valid tools for revealing this concept at schools. Extensive research literature review, the dimensions and statements of the principals’ reflective leadership scale were stablished based on Castelli’s (2012) reflective leadership model, and the data was compiled with the participation of 327 secondary teachers. Along with the face and content validity assessment of the itemsand dimensions by educational management practitioners, teachers and applying their views, participants' comments on the ambiguity, repetition, and relationship of the statements with the concepts and dimensions through the implementation of the scale in pilot study were applied. Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis show that 29 items are in five factors: sense of safeness, openness, purpose, challenging beliefs and feedback provide reflective leadership measurement tools. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated for each factor and the total reliabilityy was estimated 0.97. This study is a pioneer research in measuring principals’ reflective leadership at schools. Reflective leadership is a fundamental factor in the positivist paradigm shift to interpretation at Iranian schools. Research findings for education practitioner will be useful in assessing and deploying reflective leadership at schools.
Karim Savary; Mohammad Oraki
Abstract
Background: The skill of concentration is reckoned as one of the necessary skills of learning and the most important factor of successfulness. Therefore, in order to know it better, sharp measurement tool is needed. Objective: The present study aims to make and define the psychometric characteristics ...
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Background: The skill of concentration is reckoned as one of the necessary skills of learning and the most important factor of successfulness. Therefore, in order to know it better, sharp measurement tool is needed. Objective: The present study aims to make and define the psychometric characteristics (validity & reliability) of the questionnaire of concentration skill.Method: The sample of the present study includes 200 students (100 male & 100 female) of Ahvaz Payam-e-noor university who were selected randomly from population of all students of the university. The research method is descriptive-explorative, and the data is obtained by the researcher's questionnaire and the explorative-confirmative method is used to analyze it.Result: The finding showed that the questionnaire of the concentration skill include 13 articles, 2 intentional concentration scales with 8 articles, and unintentional concentration with 5 articles and was remarkably reliable & variable.Conclusion: This questionnaire can be used to measure the amount of individuals' concentration in learning and clinical research.
saeed moshtaghi; malek mir hashemi; hoseyn pasha sharifi
Volume 2, Issue 7 , April 2012, , Pages 71-90
Abstract
Background: The achievement goal orientation theory is one of the most modem approaches in the motivational psychology. This theory is concerned with students’ motivation. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and the reliability of the achievement goal questionnaire-revised ...
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Background: The achievement goal orientation theory is one of the most modem approaches in the motivational psychology. This theory is concerned with students’ motivation. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and the reliability of the achievement goal questionnaire-revised (Elliot and Murayama, 2008) among the Iranian student population. This instrument was applied to the 2x2 framework assessment. Methods: The questionnaires were administrated to 609 Dezful high school students. The psychometric properties were determined based on the appropriate statistical methods. Results: The Alpha coefficients were estimated in the four subscales between 0.68 and 0.79. The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the structure of the questionnaire had an adequate fitting to the data and confirmed the model. Conclusion: According to the estimated psychometric properties, this instrument can be used by the researchers in order to assess the four achievement goal orientations among the student population.
farhad khormaee; Azam Farmani; Esmael Soltani
Abstract
Background: The development of a reliable and valid instrument measuring the construct of patience is necessary. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to develop the Patience Scale and to examine the psychometric properties of it. Methods: The Patience Scale consists of 25 items which were designed ...
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Background: The development of a reliable and valid instrument measuring the construct of patience is necessary. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to develop the Patience Scale and to examine the psychometric properties of it. Methods: The Patience Scale consists of 25 items which were designed on the basis of the Qur’an components of patience. In order to examine the psychometric properties of the Patience Scale, 516 university students from Shiraz University were recruited using random cluster sampling method. These participants filled the Patience Scale. Results: The results of the factor analysis yielded 5- factor structure. The factors were named Transcendence, Patience, Consent, Persistence and Delay. Five factors explained 52% of the variance. In order to yield the reliability of the instrument, Chronbach alpha coefficient and internal consistency were utilized. The total Chronbach alpha coefficient was calculated 0.86 and the Chronbach alpha coefficients of the subscales ranged from 0.60 to 0.84. Conclusion: Taken together, the Patience Scale has good psychometric properties.
sheida moradi; Shabnam Fani; fateme pourkhaghan
Abstract
Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a powerful multivariate statistical approach for assessing complex relationships between latent variables in many human and behavioral sciences. A common challenge in estimating structural equation models, which is based on hypothesis testing, is the presence of ...
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Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a powerful multivariate statistical approach for assessing complex relationships between latent variables in many human and behavioral sciences. A common challenge in estimating structural equation models, which is based on hypothesis testing, is the presence of missing data. Deleting subjects with missing values on each of items is the usual way of handling missing data, which leads to biased estimators and lose a considerable amount of sample information as the percentage of missing values increases. In estimating SEM with missing values, one can apply the full information maximum likelihood (FIML) approach that makes maximal use of all available data from every subject in the sample. In this paper, the performance of FIML is investigated under three missing value mechanisms, missing completely at random, missing at random, and missing not at random, in a simulation study. Two confirmatory factor analysis models are considered, where the data is generated under three mechanisms and the impact of two indexes, sample size (100,500) and percentage of missing values (2%,5%,10%,15%,20%,25%,30%,35%,40%), are evaluated based on the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) index. Results show that the performance of SEM using FIML approach is generally better than the performance of SEM without using this approach in terms of some goodness of fit index.
masoud hossein jari; hamidreza zakeri
Volume 1, Issue 1 , October 2010, , Pages 1-21
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate usefullness of Persian version of King (2008) spiritual intelligence scale in Iranian culture and comparing spiritual intelligence among University students, junior clergy mans in religious schools (Howzeh), and students of art schools, so that the effect ...
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The present study was aimed to investigate usefullness of Persian version of King (2008) spiritual intelligence scale in Iranian culture and comparing spiritual intelligence among University students, junior clergy mans in religious schools (Howzeh), and students of art schools, so that the effect of field of study and interests on spiritual intelligence to be explored. For this propose, 304 people (168 female and 136 male) with various university majors, from religious schools, as well as from art schools, completed King spiritual intelligence scale. Results indicated desirable psychometric properties of the scale for use in Iranian sample. Except in Conscious State Expansion subscale, three groups were significantly different in such a way that junior clergy mans scored higher than two other groups. Investigating gender differences showed that males scored significantly higher than females in Conscious State Expansion subscale; but there were no significant differences in terms of Personal Meaning Production, Transcendental Awareness and Critical Existential Thinking subscales. Discussion of findings in the light of previous literature and some suggestions for further research terminate the article.
noreali farokhi
Volume 1, Issue 3 , April 2011, , Pages 1-23
E. Zaraii Zavaraki; E. Rezaei
Volume 2, Issue 5 , October 2011, , Pages 1-36
Abstract
Background: E-teaching and e-learning as modern methods has had an evolutionary trend during the recent decades. Since e-learning environments are free from time and space, assessment of students' learning is also a challenging problem in such settings. Objective: The objective of the present study was ...
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Background: E-teaching and e-learning as modern methods has had an evolutionary trend during the recent decades. Since e-learning environments are free from time and space, assessment of students' learning is also a challenging problem in such settings. Objective: The objective of the present study was to examine the impact of e-portfolio on attitude, motivation and academic achievement of Khajeh Nasirddin Toosi University's E- Learning Center Students. Method: The research methods was quasi-experimental and statistics population included all the Khajeh Nasirddin Toosi University's e- Learning Center students who were enrolled in computer engineering course in the second semester of 1389-90 academic year . The sample comprised Two classes of data structure courses that were chosen purposively. The two classes had 50 students that due to lack of cooperation of 10 students, the sample size was 40 individuals who were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. At first, of each group, a pre-test was done in same conditions and then experimental group was exposed to the independent variable. In this way that experimental group trained with e-portfolio and control group trained with conventional method during of 2 months of semester. In order to examine the obtained variations, a post-test of the each group was taken at the end of 2 months. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analysis the data. Results: Tthe results showed significantly an increased attitude, motivation and academic achievement toward the examination in the experimental groups compared with the control group. Students, who were trained through e-portfolio, had a high motivation, positive attitude toward the examination and high academic achievement respectively. Conclusion: We can suggest the use of e-portfolio in e-learning as one of the modern methods in assessment.
alireza Sepehrara; s Talepasand; hamide Rahimpoor
Volume 2, Issue 6 , January 2012, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
Background: In many cases, teacher's teaching has been successful, but since it does not teach his/her students and his favorite surface is hard. The courses teacher teaches are also overwhelmed by the course books.
Objective: This objective of this study is to examine the alignment scores in evaluating ...
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Background: In many cases, teacher's teaching has been successful, but since it does not teach his/her students and his favorite surface is hard. The courses teacher teaches are also overwhelmed by the course books.
Objective: This objective of this study is to examine the alignment scores in evaluating teachers in different subjects.
Methods: The study population was all of the courses which were evaluated in the first semester at Semnan University in the academic year of 1387-88. Thus, the first nine subjects from senior students using academic discipline, MC, level 5 (very difficult to very easy) resolution and a sample volume of 171 students was selected.
Results: Results showed that the use of a single score for the comparison of performance evaluation forms for teachers is a good way and comparing the scores for teacher evaluation scores must be obtained, are aligned. In this study, to justify the scores of the two methods into a park and z were used.
Conclusion: One of the reasons for non-alignment, differences in the type of student's evaluation of courses is the difficulty level courses.
