mehdi molaei yasavoli; ali delavar; mohammad asgari; jalil Younesi; vahid rezaei tabar
Abstract
Efficiency and bias of parameter estimation is one of the most important psychometric issues in behavioral science measurements. The existence of various algorithms such as MHRM and their application in tests with missing data is one of the challenges in the field of item-response theory models. The ...
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Efficiency and bias of parameter estimation is one of the most important psychometric issues in behavioral science measurements. The existence of various algorithms such as MHRM and their application in tests with missing data is one of the challenges in the field of item-response theory models. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk of MHRM algorithm in multidimensional models of item-response theory in multi-valued data by considering the mechanism and the amount of missing data. The research method was experimental using a multi-group post-test design. The study sample was created based on simulation studies under different conditions of independent variables in 27 cases with 100 replications for each. The model used was a multidimensional scaled response model and the studied parameters were the slope and threshold of the questions. R statistical software was used to generate and analyze the data. The results showed that MHRM algorithm has less estimated risk compared to EM and MCEM algorithms. The results also showed that there is a significant difference in the risk of slope and threshold parameters between three different mechanisms of missing data, but no significant difference was observed in relation to the independent variable of missing data. There was also a significant interaction between the type of algorithm and the missing mechanism, which indicated the optimal performance of the MHRM algorithm. Thus when this algorithm is used, the mean and variance of the MSE slope and threshold parameters in all three loss mechanisms also converge as they decrease. As a result, it can be said that the application of MHRM algorithm is essential in data with high data missing and types of missing. Therefore, researchers are advised to use the MHRM algorithm in data analysis with complex structure such as high data missing and various missing mechanisms
Abbas amanelahi; Masoud Rezazdeh; Masoumeh Ahmadi; Laleh senobar
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the scale of response to sexual rejection in married women in Ardabil. The statistical population of this study consisted of all married women in Ardabil. From the statistical population, available sampling method and individually ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the scale of response to sexual rejection in married women in Ardabil. The statistical population of this study consisted of all married women in Ardabil. From the statistical population, available sampling method and individually responded to the sex rejection scale. Internal consistency coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis were used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25 and LISREL 8.8. The results of internal consistency coefficient showed that this scale has good reliability. The cronbach's alpha reliability of the scale for the four factors of understanding are resentment 0.83, uncertainty 0.86 and temptation 0.83. Confirmatory factor analysis fit indices showed validity of the scale (CFI = 0.98, RFI = 0.96, NNFI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.062). The results of this study suggest that the RSRS scale is a reliable and valid tool for measuring response to sexual rejection
Masoomeh Estaji; Reza Morad Sahraee; Monire Shahbaz
Abstract
The present study investigated repair fluency, one of the three main aspects of fluency in Skehan’s model (2003; 2009), across different proficiency levels using the giver test-taker data in a speaking test. There are three main aspects of fluency in the model: Speed fluency, breakdown fluency, ...
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The present study investigated repair fluency, one of the three main aspects of fluency in Skehan’s model (2003; 2009), across different proficiency levels using the giver test-taker data in a speaking test. There are three main aspects of fluency in the model: Speed fluency, breakdown fluency, and repair fluency. To date, there is no research aiming to measure the speech fluency of foreign Persian test takers. Therefore, this study sought to achieve an appropriate rating scale for speech fluency. The study, in particular, has examined some parts of the repair fluency construct in the mentioned model, specifically repetition and false starts, and attempted to determine the extent to which repetitions and false starts varied across different Persian proficiency levels of foreign Persian test-takers. This study transcribed, rated, and labeled repetitions and false starts of 23 foreign Persian language learners taking a speaking test. The spoken data were classified into four proficiency levels according to the Persian Teaching Standard Reference (PTSR), namely pre-intermediate, intermediate, upper-intermediate, and advanced. The duration of recordings was 44 minutes in total (11 minutes for each level). The results were analyzed, using the Kruskal-Wallis test, and revealed that false starts and repetitions did not make a distinction across Persian proficiency levels. The findings imply that raters and rating scale designers do not need to consider repetitions and false starts for identifying or describing different Persian proficiency levels.
Hadi Samadieh; Hossein kareshki; Seyed Amir Aminyazdi; Elahe Hejazi
Abstract
The sense of belonging to university is linked to numerous aspects of the psycho-social health of students. However, there are many ambiguities in the conceptualization and measurement of this construct. The few tools designed in the field of higher education largely assess the sense of belonging and ...
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The sense of belonging to university is linked to numerous aspects of the psycho-social health of students. However, there are many ambiguities in the conceptualization and measurement of this construct. The few tools designed in the field of higher education largely assess the sense of belonging and the measurement of the components of belonging to the university has received less attention in previous studies. The current study aimed to develop and validate the "Students' Sense of Belonging to University Scale (SSBUS)." In a correlational and tool development design, 345 students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad were selected in the first stage and 477 students of University of Birjand were selected in the second stage by available sampling method. The results of exploratory factor analysis in the first stage showed four factors with 49.72% variance explanation, which included the components of interaction with professors, interaction with peers, university climate and self-esteem. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the four-factor model had a good fit, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the subscales was reported in the range of 0.75-0.90. In addition, other analyses provided evidence to support the internal consistency, convergent validity, and divergent validity of the sense of belonging scale. It was found that each of the dimensions of this scale was significantly related to the measures of commitment to the university, social-emotional loneliness, satisfaction with life, depression and agentic engagement. In addition, the results of the retest coefficient of the subscales were in the range of 0.64-0.74. According to the findings of the present research, the students' sense of belonging to university scale has desirable psychometric properties and can be used as a valid instrument.
Simin Hosseinian; Sara Karimi; Faezeh Peimanpak
Abstract
The Sources of Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale, Malaysia (SCSE-M) is a self-report scale that measures self-efficacy with a focus on how counselors work with 25 items, however, this scale has not been investigated and psychometrically evaluated in Iranian society. The aim of the current study was, in ...
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The Sources of Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale, Malaysia (SCSE-M) is a self-report scale that measures self-efficacy with a focus on how counselors work with 25 items, however, this scale has not been investigated and psychometrically evaluated in Iranian society. The aim of the current study was, in the first step, to translate this scale from English to Persian and then to determine its psychometric properties in Iranian samples. The survey sample consisted of 297 of his 1400 Tehran city counselors, selected in a Convenience non-random sampling, and they responded to the research tools including Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (2020), General Self-Efficacy Scale (1995), Deiner Flourishing Scale (2010), and Counselors Self-Efficacy Scale (2009). The data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis According to the findings, face validity, content, and structure showed the appropriate validity and reliability of this tool. We used the combined reliability, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient to assess the reliability and internal consistency of the Counselor Self-Efficacy Resource Scale, and the results showed that this scale has good internal consistency and composite reliability. Finally, the analysis of the correlation matrix related to the variables of the study showed that the Counseling Self-Efficacy Resource Scale had a positive and significant correlation with the general self-efficacy scale (GSE-10), Deiner Flourishing Scale, Counselors Self-Efficacy Scale, age and activity experience (p<0.01). The results of the present study demonstrated that this scale has favorable psychometrically properties in Iranian samples and can be reliably used in Iranian samples to assess self-efficacy in counseling.
Mojtaba Khalili Zarchi; manijeh sheheni yailagh
Abstract
Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the validity, reliability and factor structure of the reading motivation questionnaire. The current research plan is among survey research and tool development. The statistical population of the research was all sixth grade students ...
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Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the validity, reliability and factor structure of the reading motivation questionnaire. The current research plan is among survey research and tool development. The statistical population of the research was all sixth grade students in Yazd city. The participants included a sample group of 300 sixth grade students in Yazd city in the academic year of 2021-2022, who were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method and responded to the reading motivation questionnaire of Schiffel and Schaffner (2016). For data analysis, factor analysis methods and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used using SPSS26 and Smart PLS software. The results of factor analysis showed that the questionnaire consists of seven factors and has good fit indices. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the whole scale and its dimensions fluctuated between 0.77 and 0.92. Finally, the Persian version of the "reading motivation" questionnaire has acceptable psychometric properties to measure the various reasons Iranian students read, and it can be used as a valid tool in research, educational and clinical situations.
ghasem keshavarz gerami; Mohammad Reza Flasafi Nejad; jalil Younesi; ali delavar; zahra Rezaei Ghahroodi
Abstract
Response time has always been a concern in ability measurement, sometimes implicitly as in time-limit tests, sometimes explicitly as in speeded tests, and sometimes as the main outcome variable. Therefore, this study seeks to investigate the application of response time model in measuring cognitive ability ...
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Response time has always been a concern in ability measurement, sometimes implicitly as in time-limit tests, sometimes explicitly as in speeded tests, and sometimes as the main outcome variable. Therefore, this study seeks to investigate the application of response time model in measuring cognitive ability of the children's quantitative reasoning. To this end, a sample of 502 children from different areas of Tehran was recruited through Cluster sampling and evaluated with a quantitative reasoning test. To analyze the collected data, modeling response time with the hierarchical model was used. Item and person parameters were also estimated and interpreted. The modeling results revealed that in addition to the response correctness parameters, response time parameters including discrimination coefficient, difficulty coefficient and gamma also been estimated. Moreover, the estimated parameters of the response time model compared with the 2-pl IRT model in order to identify their main similarities and differences. Findings revealed that there are some differences in discrimination coefficients and Thetas of individuals, which indicates the power of the response time model. It is worth mentioning that the lowest differences were observed in the difficulty coefficients. Finally, based on the number of parameters, increasing the variance of theta scores, and research background support, the study and application of response time models in measuring children's cognitive abilities were suggested.
Sayed Ali Sharifi Fard; mosayeb yarmohamadi vasel; golnaz ali babaei; safdar nabizadeh; zahra javdan
Abstract
Considering the importance of coping strategies and the preference of respondents and researchers for short and comprehensive forms of measures, in the present study, the psychometric properties of the brief questionnaire of situational coping strategies were investigated and adapted. According to the ...
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Considering the importance of coping strategies and the preference of respondents and researchers for short and comprehensive forms of measures, in the present study, the psychometric properties of the brief questionnaire of situational coping strategies were investigated and adapted. According to the objectives and subject, the method of this research is descriptive and of the type of factor analysis studies. The statistical population was all the students of the universities of Mashhad city, and 660 individuals were selected from this population by multi-stage cluster sampling. The participants responded to measures including Situational Coping Strategies Brief Questionnaire (SCSBQ-28), Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (RPWS-18) and Single-Question Life Satisfaction Scale (SLSS-1). In the following, 47 participants were identified as incomplete and outlier data. Therefore, the final sample of the study was 613 participants. The results confirmed the 14 factors of the of situational coping strategies brief questionnaire. Convergent and divergent validity were also reported regarding the dimensions and the whole questionnaire with psychological well-being and life satisfaction. Cronbach's alpha of dimensions between 0.63 and 0.86 and the whole questionnaire was calculated as 0.76, which is good. Therefore, researchers and clinicians can use this questionnaire in scientific studies and clinical investigations, considering the fourteen dimensions, comprehensiveness, and shortness of this tool compared to similar tools while being comprehensive.
Seyedeh Khadijeh Amirian; Afzal Sadat Hoseini Dehshiri
Abstract
Ethical values are a subject of academic and public interest. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Ethical Values Assessment (EVA). The study population was all students studying at the University of Tehran in 1400-1401, of whom 422 participated in the study. The ...
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Ethical values are a subject of academic and public interest. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Ethical Values Assessment (EVA). The study population was all students studying at the University of Tehran in 1400-1401, of whom 422 participated in the study. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula. Participants responded to the Ethical Values Scale (Padilla-Walker & Jensen, 2016), Self Perception Profile for Children (Harter, 1989), Religious Commitment Inventory (Worthington et al., 2003), and the quality of relationships inventory (Pierce et al., 1991), which were provided to them online. The analyzes were performed with SPSS22 and Amos22 and in several steps including item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and convergent validity. Results: The results of item analysis showed that all items are sufficient. Exploratory factor analysis led to the extraction of three factors, which were (Based on eigenvalue): ethics of divinity, Community and autonomy. The second-order confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the three-factor structure along with a general factor of ethical values. The convergent validity of this questionnaire and the total reliability and the reliability of the factors also were appropriate. The questionnaire for measuring ethical values in the Iranian student community has good reliability and validity; Therefore, it can be used as a valid tool to measure ethical values in students.
Shoeayb Qasemi; ali delavar; noorali farrokhi; Farzad Eskandari
Abstract
This study was conducted with the aim of examining the gender differential item functioning of the English language items of the master psychology series exam using the methods available in the context of cognitive diagnostic models. The research sample included 2,455 female applicants and 919 male applicants ...
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This study was conducted with the aim of examining the gender differential item functioning of the English language items of the master psychology series exam using the methods available in the context of cognitive diagnostic models. The research sample included 2,455 female applicants and 919 male applicants who attended the Master of Psychology series exam in 1396. The G-DINA cognitive diagnostic model was fitted with data. DIF of the questions were examined with three methods: the Wald test, the likelihood ratio test and the revised likelihood ratio test. The results of these three methods had a moderate agreement on DIF detection. Based on the results 16 questions had DIF. Most of the questions had uniform DIF in favor of men. Questions that had non-uniform DIF, for the dominant applicants were in favor of men and for non-dominated applicants were in favor of women. It is recommended that additional studies be conducted to investigate the existence of the bias and the cause of the DIF.
abolghasem yaghoobi; Mohaddeseh Bita
Abstract
This research was conducted using the meta-analysis method with the aim of synthesizing existing research on the relationship between identity Styles and academic performance. The statistical population of the study included all relevant studies conducted in Iran from 1385-1400 and available in the databases ...
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This research was conducted using the meta-analysis method with the aim of synthesizing existing research on the relationship between identity Styles and academic performance. The statistical population of the study included all relevant studies conducted in Iran from 1385-1400 and available in the databases of Jahad Daneshgahi, Nurmagz, and Magiran. After evaluating the criteria for entrances and layaway requirements research, the correlation effects of the research were analyzed by CMA software. Also, two models of random effect and fixed effect were calculated. According to the results of the heterogeneous analysis, the randomized model was selected through Q and squared I indices. The findings revealed that the size of the combined effect of the investigated research after the removal of 4 effects size was 0.107. The combined effect size of the research was calculated based on the mean Cohen’s index. The results of heterogeneous analysis revealed of the existence moderating variables in the research as well. The results of this meta-analysis of theoretical and empirical foundations are indicative of the relationship between identity style and academic performance variables. Given the results of this meta-analysis, it can be concluded that for academic performance to be successful, it is essential to address the identity style among university and school students.
mojtaba beyrami; Parvin Kadivar; mehdi arabzadeh
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the psychometric properties or indicators of the Mental Toughness Scale for Adolescents by McGowan et al. (2016) and examine its relationship with academic procrastination, generalized anxiety, and math anxiety using path analysis. The research sample consisted of ...
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The aim of this study was to identify the psychometric properties or indicators of the Mental Toughness Scale for Adolescents by McGowan et al. (2016) and examine its relationship with academic procrastination, generalized anxiety, and math anxiety using path analysis. The research sample consisted of 455 high school students in Zanjan city, Iran, who were selected using cluster sampling. Participants completed the relevant scales through in-person administration. Data analysis was conducted in two phases and employing factor analysis and path analysis statistical methods. In the first phase, the psychometric properties of the Mental Toughness Scale were examined. The results revealed that a six-factor solution, in line with the proposed six dimensions of Mental Toughness Scale (challenge, commitment, control over life and emotions, and self-confidence in abilities and interpersonal relationships), provided the best fit to the competing models. Additionally, the overall internal consistency of the scale was satisfactory, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.81. In the second phase, the direct and indirect effects of Mental Toughness on generalized anxiety, math anxiety, and academic procrastination were examined using path analysis. The findings indicated that Mental Toughness has a direct impact on generalized anxiety, math anxiety, and academic procrastination. Moreover, Mental Toughness has an indirect effect on academic procrastination and math anxiety through the mediating role of generalized anxiety. The implications of the study's findings for schools and educational environments, as well as suggestions for future research, were discussed.
Reyhane Rahimi; Aso Mojtahedi
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the questions of the Likert scale with the Classical Test Theory and the Item Response Theory, then putting together the results of these two approaches and answering the question "Are the results of these two approaches consistent? or do they contradict each other?" ...
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The purpose of this study is to examine the questions of the Likert scale with the Classical Test Theory and the Item Response Theory, then putting together the results of these two approaches and answering the question "Are the results of these two approaches consistent? or do they contradict each other?" . The research method is descriptive and in terms of data, it is a secondary analysis method. The subjects studied in this research included 977 students of the junior high school students, that by removing individuals in the data screening stage, finally, the analysis of extraversion items was based on the information of 783 subjects, the analysis of openness items on the information of 763 subjects, and analysis of conscientiousness items on the information of 784 subjects. The research instruments were 3 subscales of extraversion, openness and conscientiousness of the Neo Personality Test. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the higher the internal consistency of the items, the more accurate and valid the results obtained from the graded response model, and for items with low internal consistency through this model, it should be acted cautiously; Because it may show the threshold of the items inverted or the discrimination coefficient of the questions false negative or positive. All in all, the simultaneous use of different methods of statistical analysis will be of aid in better analysis and obtaining more accurate results.
