mohammad sharifi; abbas abbas pour
Volume 3, Issue 12 , July 2013, , Pages 133-170
Abstract
Background: intellectual capitals play a crucial role in achieving competitive advantage in a knowledge based world. The role of higher education in the economic structure from the perspective of educatinga trained workforce for public and private sectors as well as creating a ground for innovation and ...
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Background: intellectual capitals play a crucial role in achieving competitive advantage in a knowledge based world. The role of higher education in the economic structure from the perspective of educatinga trained workforce for public and private sectors as well as creating a ground for innovation and development of technology is highly important. The higher education systemprepares the ground for growth innovation entrepreneurship and ultimately economic development through effective management and application of intellectual capitals. Identification of intellectual capitals in the higher education system and the ways to measure itpave the way for better management of such capitals. Conclusion: based on the research findings an appropriate model was introduced for measuring intellectual capital with the relative dimensions and criteria for the higher education system of iran.
yousef yousefi; nour ali farokhi
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, authorities give more attention to the creation of motivation in students in order to direct their activities and make them active. Despite the importance of this issue, contradictions are seen in the results of educational motivation researches. Objective: This study was aimed ...
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Background: Nowadays, authorities give more attention to the creation of motivation in students in order to direct their activities and make them active. Despite the importance of this issue, contradictions are seen in the results of educational motivation researches. Objective: This study was aimed at reviewing researches conducted into factors affecting educational motivation and was carried out using meta-analysis method. Method: The population of the present study consisted of all researches on learning motivation recorded in SID, Magiran, and Irandoc databases from 1992 to 2012. A sample of 132 researches was chosen according to the criteria for inclusion in the study, and their data was recorded on the meta-analysis worksheet prepared by the researcher. Overall effect size calculation, Number of Partial Safety (Nfs) ^ Q-test were used for data analysis using CMA-2 software. Results: The results indicated that the following variables have the most effects in learning motivation respectively: learning strategies (ES=0/479), self-efficacy (ES= 0/405), self-esteem (ES= 0/384), selfregulation (ES=0/333), academic achievement (ES=0/329), test anxiety (ES^ -0/196) and gender (ES= 0/037). The analysis of the homogeneity of studies showed that the combined studies were heterogeneous in all variables. The analysis of the number of partial safety indicator also suggested that there was no publication bias among integrated studies in variables.
ABOUTALEB SAADATI; saeed mazboohi; SH MARZI
Abstract
The present study investigated the psychometric properties of a Persian version self- reassurance/ self-criticism Inventory in the male and female teachers. This study was of a validation type. The participants were 444 teachers selected through a multistage-cluster random sampling among the teachers ...
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The present study investigated the psychometric properties of a Persian version self- reassurance/ self-criticism Inventory in the male and female teachers. This study was of a validation type. The participants were 444 teachers selected through a multistage-cluster random sampling among the teachers in high school second period in the city of Bojnord of the 2015-16 years. The three scales administrated in this study were: self- reassurance/ self-criticism Inventory, self-efficacy Scale and happiness Inventory. A cronbach’s and test-retest reliability was calculated to examine the reliability of the self- reassurance/ self-criticism Inventory and to check the validity of the method convergent validity, divergent validity and confirmatory factor analysis was used. The calculated α for the inventory was for self-criticism 0.69 and for and self- reassurance 0.77. Neutralizing dimensions respectively self-criticism and for and self- reassurance examined through correlating it to the self-efficacy scale and happiness Inventory given signification. Using factor exploratory analysis confirmed the two-factor structure. The Persian version of the self- reassurance/ self-criticism Inventory seems satisfactory for measuring self- reassurance/ self-criticism symptoms in teacher's samples. Future research is, however, needed to confirm these data in a sample of OCD teacher's. Key Words: self-criticism, self- reassurance, Self-efficacy, happiness.
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Reactivity Scale (PSRS, Schlotz, Yim, Zoccola, Jansen & Schulz, 2011) among Iranian university students. 324 university students (130 male, 194 female) completed the PSRS and the Emotional Adjustment ...
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The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Reactivity Scale (PSRS, Schlotz, Yim, Zoccola, Jansen & Schulz, 2011) among Iranian university students. 324 university students (130 male, 194 female) completed the PSRS and the Emotional Adjustment Measure (EAM, Rubio, Aguado, Hontangas & Hernandez, 2007). The confirmatory factor analysis method and internal consistency were used to compute the PSRS's factorial validity and reliability, respectively. Also, in order to examine the construct validity of the PSRS, we computed correlations between different dimensions of PSRS with emotional adjustment. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that 5-factor structure of the PSRS consisted reactivity to work overload, reactivity to social conflicts, reactivity to social stress, reactivity to failure and prolonged reactivity had good fit to data in the Iranian sample. Correlational analyses between different dimensions of PSRS with emotional adjustment provided initial evidence for the PSRS convergent validity. Cronbach’s α Coefficients ranged from 0/75 to 0/80 for six dimensions. In sum, these findings provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the PSRS as an instrument to measure of stress reactivity among Iranian university students.
asghar minaei; Ali Delavar; Mohammad Reza Falsafinezhad; Ali Reza Kiamanesh; Yahya mohajer
Volume 4, Issue 16 , July 2014, , Pages 138-170
Abstract
Studies of internationalmathematics achievement such as the Trends in Mathematicsand Science Study (TIMSS) have employed classical test theory and item responsetheory to rank individuals within a latent ability continuum. Although these approacheshave provided insights into comparisons between countries, ...
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Studies of internationalmathematics achievement such as the Trends in Mathematicsand Science Study (TIMSS) have employed classical test theory and item responsetheory to rank individuals within a latent ability continuum. Although these approacheshave provided insights into comparisons between countries, they have yet toexamine howspecific attributemastery affects student performance and howthey canprovide information for curricular instruction. In the 2007 administration of TIMSS,two benchmark participants—Massachusetts andMinnesota—were tested followingthe same procedural methods, providing an opportunity for comparison within andacross the United States. Overall comparison of their performance showed Massachusettsand Minnesota to significantly outperform the United States. However,this article shows that there is a greater wealth of fine-grained information that canbe translated directly for classroom application at the attribute level when a cognitivediagnostic model (CDM) such as the deterministic, inputs, noisy, “and” gate (Junker& Sijtsma, 2001) model is used. Results showed a significant disparity betweenproportions of correctly answering and mastering skills required to solve an item.Advantages ofCDMsare discussed aswell as a CDM-basedmethod to filter distractorresponse categories that can aid instructors to diagnose a student’s attribute mastery.
jalil younesi; ali delavar; mohammad reza falsafi nejhad
Volume 1, Issue 2 , January 2011, , Pages 139-169
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the psychometric characteristics of specialized items of distance education psychology examinations held by Payame Noor University in 2006. To do this, 2000-subject sample was randomly selected from among all those sitting for the distance education psychology exam. Then, ...
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This study aims to investigate the psychometric characteristics of specialized items of distance education psychology examinations held by Payame Noor University in 2006. To do this, 2000-subject sample was randomly selected from among all those sitting for the distance education psychology exam. Then, the sample group was randomly divided into two 1000-subject groups; one of which was used for parameter estimation, and the other for testing model-data fit. In order to analyze the test and its items based on the classical test theory (CTT), in addition to calculating frequency distribution of distracters, items variance, difficulty index, discrimination index and reliability coefficient of the test were computed. In order to analyze the test and its items based on the item- response theory (IRT), assumptions of unidimensionality and local independence were first examined. In this piece of research, in order to determine unidimensionality, all specialized psychology exams were studied in terms of factor analysis by TESTFACT Program. Results of the analyses of the above exams suggested that all of them are unidimensional, and therefore local independence assumptions are verified. Model-data fit was explored by means of BILOG-MG software, and finally, items' parameters (difficulty, discrimination and guessing) estimated along with subjects' ability parameters were extracted. Distracters' analysis showed that all items' distracters were not homogeneous in terms of probability and have had poor performance. It also indicated that in psychology and sociology exams, two-parameter model, and in philosophy exam, three- parameter model were best fit for test items. At the same time, despite the fact that mean of all exams was lower than the criterion score, it seems that the difficulties in the subject of philosophy have been more and this exam had more impact on the subjects' academic failure.
gholamreza rajabi; sona karju kasmai
Volume 3, Issue 10 , January 2013, , Pages 139-158
Abstract
Background: the beck depression inventory second edition is a revision of the depression questionnaire and a widely used self report measure of depressive symptoms in clinical and non clinical populations. Objective: the purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Persian ...
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Background: the beck depression inventory second edition is a revision of the depression questionnaire and a widely used self report measure of depressive symptoms in clinical and non clinical populations. Objective: the purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Persian version of the beck depression inventory second edition among students of shahid chamran university and ahvaz university of medical sciences. Methods: using random multi stage sampling method 468 subjects were selected among the studerts of the mentioned universities in the educational year 89-90. Results: the results of the factor analysis and varimax rotation were indicative of the two factors: cognitive affective and negative attitude somatic symptoms.
Esmaeel Ali Salimi
Abstract
The complex process of assessment enforces EFL teachers to make professional decisions conforming their classroom realities to external non-achievement factors. EFL teachers have based the decision for scoring on their knowledge, beliefs, expectations, and learning. Therefore, the present study aims ...
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The complex process of assessment enforces EFL teachers to make professional decisions conforming their classroom realities to external non-achievement factors. EFL teachers have based the decision for scoring on their knowledge, beliefs, expectations, and learning. Therefore, the present study aims at investigating high school EFL teachers’ decision making as to scoring in Tehran. Factors influencing their decision making in scoring have been taken into account. To collect data required, a questionnaire was distributed among 348 senior and pre-university EFL teachers of high schools in Tehran. Descriptive analysis of the data revealed that the teachers consider both achievement factors and non-achievement factors such as students’ effort, assignment, and study habits in their scoring. It was also shown that EFL teachers used different types of assessment like performance assessment, assignment-oriented assessment teacher—made assessment and paper and pencil tests. Separate MANOVAs revealed that different external and internal factors such as the grade level of teaching, assessment training affected their scoring. Generally, the findings of this study contributed EFL teachers in their decision as to scoring and particularly EFL teaches in Tehran high schools.
hamdullah habibi; Bayram Aghapoor; Marya Fatemi; saied khodayari; Amin Damirchi; ali rahimi
Abstract
Aim: Electronic test is a result of the influence of technology in the domain of education that its use is increasing in Iran. This involves difficulties and obstacles that the main objective of this study was to evaluate pathological electronic tests in Iran. Method: Research method is descriptive-survey. ...
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Aim: Electronic test is a result of the influence of technology in the domain of education that its use is increasing in Iran. This involves difficulties and obstacles that the main objective of this study was to evaluate pathological electronic tests in Iran. Method: Research method is descriptive-survey. The population of the research includes all staff and volunteers of English TOEFL test in 2014. Samples were selected by census method. 102 volunteers and 25 employees were related to the conduct of electronic tests were selected. Data collection tools included two researcher-made questionnaires including statements about various aspects of electronic tests. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and one-sample t-test and Friedman test. Results : Results show that problems from volunteers point of view sequentially are included: "Attitudes to electronic test", "test content", " fast, accurate and useful Feedback ", " volunteers training and preparing ", " officials staff accountability ", "safety test", " physical space of the test ", " software and hardware technical issues ". also problems from the perspective of official staff sequentially are included: "Running costs", " volunteers digital literacy ", "attitude", "employee motivation", "legal issues", "feedback", "supervision", "people familiar with the test," "planning, coordination and implementation "" security, "" space of implementation the test "," test technical issues. "Conclusion: electronic tests have many and different advantages but many injuries at their implementation have been identified that need to be modified over time.
Asghar Minaei; Marzieh Hassani
Abstract
The Big Five Inventory (BFI) is one of the most widely used personality questionnaires, but very few studies have been conducted on its psychometric properties in Iranian population. This study was carried out with the aim of studying the psychometric properties of the BFI questionnaire. For this purpose, ...
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The Big Five Inventory (BFI) is one of the most widely used personality questionnaires, but very few studies have been conducted on its psychometric properties in Iranian population. This study was carried out with the aim of studying the psychometric properties of the BFI questionnaire. For this purpose, 390 university students in Tehran (210 girls and 180 boys) with an age range of 18 to 56 years (M = 27.52; SD = 8.79) were selected using the convenience sampling method and completed BFI and NEO-FFI questionnaires. Cronbach's alpha, multitrait-multimethod matrix, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to estimate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire. The result of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that 15 of the 44 items did not have a strong factor loading (higher than 0.40) on the corresponding factors and were therefore removed from the questionnaire. The fit indices showed that the Persian version of 29 questions (BFI-29) with 5 factors has a good fit with the data. The reliability analysis also showed that the range of Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the factors is from 0.70 to 0.79. The lowest Cronbach's alpha coefficient was related to agreeableness factor and the highest was related to conscientiousness. The findings from the multitrait-multimethod matrix showed that the BFI-29 questionnaire has good convergent and divergent validity with the NEO-FFI questionnaire. In general, based on the results of the present study, it can be said that the BFI-29 questionnaire has desirable psychometric properties and whenever a short tool for personality measurement is needed, this questionnaire can be used.
Mohammad Ali Besharat
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 147-168
Abstract
Background: Preparing a valid instrument to measure the basic psychological needs in Iranian populations is necessary for research purposes.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine reliability, validity, and exploratory factor analysis of a Persian version of the Basic Needs Satisfaction in ...
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Background: Preparing a valid instrument to measure the basic psychological needs in Iranian populations is necessary for research purposes.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine reliability, validity, and exploratory factor analysis of a Persian version of the Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale (BNSG-S) in a sample of Iranian students.
Method: Five hundred and eighty four students (273 males, 311 females) were participated in this study, voluntarily. All participants were asked to complete the BNSG-S (Gagne, 2003), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RS; Eysenck, Eysenck, & Barrett, 1985), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), and the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-28; Besharat, 2009).
Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis supported a single general factor of basic needs satisfaction in general and a three factor structure including Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness. The convergent and discriminant validity of the BNSG-S were supported by an expected pattern of correlations between the scale and the measures of personality and mental health. All correlation coefficients between the mean scores on the BNSG-S and scores of the extraversion, neuroticism, positive affect, negative affect, psychological well-being, and psychological distress were statistically significant. Coefficient alpha estimates of internal reliability were between .83 and .91 for the BNSG-S subscales. Test-retest reliability of the BNSG-S was also calculated at the range of .67-.77. All correlations were statistically significant.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the BNSG-S can be considered as a reliable and valid scale to measure the basic needs satisfaction in Iranian samples.
Firouz Afsharfar; abbas abbaspour; hamid rahimiyan; saeed ghiasi
Abstract
Human resource competencies today are one of the most important focal points in management. The main purpose of this research was to build, validate and validate the HRM questionnaire in knowledge based companies. At present, the definition of the domain, conceptualization and the definition of components ...
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Human resource competencies today are one of the most important focal points in management. The main purpose of this research was to build, validate and validate the HRM questionnaire in knowledge based companies. At present, the definition of the domain, conceptualization and the definition of components for the concept of human resource competencies is faced with a theoretical and methodological ambiguity and the root of many of these ambiguities and complexities is related to the lack of suitable tools for measurement. The provision of valid and effective measurement tools is a necessary step in the field of human resources. Human resource competencies are multidisciplinary structural executives that include five variables. The research topics are: What are the dimensions of human resource competencies? According to different patterns, are these dimensions different or not? Statistical sample of 220 managers of knowledge based companies were selected by census sampling method.
Abstract
Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) is a testing procedure that can result in improved precision for a specified test length or reduced test length with no loss of precision. But, for computerized adaptive tests (CATs) to work well, they must have an item pool with sufficient numbers of good quality ...
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Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) is a testing procedure that can result in improved precision for a specified test length or reduced test length with no loss of precision. But, for computerized adaptive tests (CATs) to work well, they must have an item pool with sufficient numbers of good quality items. Many researchers have pointed out that, in developing item pool for CATs, not only is the item pool size is important, but also the distribution of item parameters. Yet, there is little research on how to identify those desirable features. This paper applied and extended the basic idea of the “bin-and-union” method proposed by Reckase (2003),- which is a Monte Carlo method to determine the properties of an optimal item pool-, and mathematical programming method to develop the optimal item pool for a mathematic operational CAT. This study extended the method for designing item pools calibrated with the three-parameter logistic model and applied it to situations where the Sympson-Hetter procedure is used to control the item exposure rate. The designs include estimates of desired item pool size and item parameter distribution. The design process includes identifying a series of candidate item pool features by taking into consideration multiple factors that may affect the desired features of the item pool. The performance of the simulated item pools has been compared with operational item pool by considering some evaluation criteria. The result of evaluation indicated that the mechanism used to identify the desirable item pool features has functioned well and appropriate for identifying a desirable item pool features of mathematic operational CAT.
Gholamreza Gholmohammadnejhad Bahrami; javad mesrabadi
Abstract
The aim of the present study adaptation and standardization of intelligence test Cattell for students 14-8 SalhY City Azar is. The research from the perspective of purpose, functional and in terms of data collection descriptive survey. The sample consisted of students in grades two elementary schools, ...
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The aim of the present study adaptation and standardization of intelligence test Cattell for students 14-8 SalhY City Azar is. The research from the perspective of purpose, functional and in terms of data collection descriptive survey. The sample consisted of students in grades two elementary schools, eight elementary schools in Azarshahr in the academic year 1395-1394 a total of 562 recreational them as the sample using sampling stratified ratios were selected and Tools the AstfadhY research, intelligence test teenagers Cattell form B, and its reliability through Cronbach's alpha 84/0 respectively and its validity through confirmatory factor analysis was that all fit index and the model was confirmed. The results of this study showed that the test validity and reliability is desirable. The significance tests based on different ages using one-way ANOVA and the interaction of gender and grade by Two-way ANOVA examined the results of which showed a broadly significant difference between the groups. And the software for intelligence test Cattell on the basis of IQ deviation (15 = Sd and 100 M =) is calculated and set.
khadiheh fouladvand; mehri soltani; ali fathi ashtiani; zahra soaee
Volume 2, Issue 8 , July 2012, , Pages 155-182
Abstract
This study is an attempt to examine the psychometric properties of the academic engagement scale formulated by Tinio in 2009. The academic engagement scale was administered to a sample volume of 358 students who were randomly selected thorough the process of cluster sampling. The construct validity, ...
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This study is an attempt to examine the psychometric properties of the academic engagement scale formulated by Tinio in 2009. The academic engagement scale was administered to a sample volume of 358 students who were randomly selected thorough the process of cluster sampling. The construct validity, convergent validity and internal consistency of the scale were calculated by exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The results of principle component analysis and oblique rotation demonstrated that the academic engagement scale had three factors. The goodness of fit indices of confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the three factors. Moreover, the multidimensional scales of academic engagement scale were shown to be an acceptable measurement model in this sample. The correlation coefficients between academic engagement subscales were positive and significant (p<0.05), which confirmed the convergent validity of the scale. Regarding the internal consistency, the alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.96, behavioral engagement as 0.90, emotional engagement as 0.92 and cognitive engagement as 0.88 of the total scale. In conclusion, Tinio's scale was proved to be a valid and reliable instrument for measuring THE academic engagement of the Iranian students.
Ghasem Mohammadyari; Naser Behrozi; Manije Shehni Yailagh; Gholam Hosein Maktabi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability the episodic foresight test. This study is a descriptive- analytic one. The statistical population of this study was all children ages 3, 4 and 5 with low executive functions in kindergartens in Ahvaz city on 1397. In this study ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability the episodic foresight test. This study is a descriptive- analytic one. The statistical population of this study was all children ages 3, 4 and 5 with low executive functions in kindergartens in Ahvaz city on 1397. In this study 60 children was selected by random sampling method, and responded to episodic foresight test (Atance & Meltzoff, 2005). To examine of the reliability of the instrument, the reliability indicator of the evaluators and the Kappa method and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used and, to determined the validity of the instrument, one-way analysis variance and binomial test were used. The result of the research showed that correlation between evaluators in scoring non-verbal section was 1.00 and in scoring verbal section was 0.99, and the Kappa correlation coefficient between the evaluators for each scenario was among 0.94 to 1.00, and cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.75. To examine the validity of the instrument, the result of the binomial test showed that the children correct response rate was significantly higher than the response rate by chance. Also, the results of analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference between children means score based on age and the Scheffe test showed that 3 years old children achieved scores lower than 4 and 5 years old children. But, there is no significant difference between scores of 4 and 5 years old children.
Nahid Shafiee; Ali Arabani dana
Abstract
Abstract Aim: This study aimed to construct and norm a questionnaire for Tendency to Lifelong Learning. Method: In this study, multistage cluster random sampling method was used. The data was collected in two phases, that is, 538 undergraduate students in state Universities, such as Tehran University, ...
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Abstract Aim: This study aimed to construct and norm a questionnaire for Tendency to Lifelong Learning. Method: In this study, multistage cluster random sampling method was used. The data was collected in two phases, that is, 538 undergraduate students in state Universities, such as Tehran University, Shahid Beheshti University, Shahid Chamran University, and Allameh Tabataba’ee completed the TLL in the school year 1395-96. The Construct validity of the questionnaire was calculated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Result: Based on the results of exploratory factor analysis, three factors were extracted. According to the theoretical basis, factors were named as “Planning for learning”, “Understanding and guidance of learning”, and “Gratification of authority learning experience”. The reliability was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The questionnaire reliability was 0.83 in the scale, and, it was 0.73, 0.74, 0.69 in the subscales respectively. Conclusion: TLL is psychometrically reliable to assess the different dimensions of Tendency to lifelong learning among university students. It can be also used in experimental studies to investigate the interventions on Tendency to lifelong learning.
kazem nemat; Ahmad Borjali; Fariborz Dortaj
Abstract
To investigate a model about body image of Iranian’s female students and determining structural relations of physical and psychological factors related to body image, 497 female students from Islamic Azad University Zarand Branch randomly selected. After measuring weight, height and calculating ...
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To investigate a model about body image of Iranian’s female students and determining structural relations of physical and psychological factors related to body image, 497 female students from Islamic Azad University Zarand Branch randomly selected. After measuring weight, height and calculating body mass index of participants, they assessed by body image state scale, self- esteem scale of Marsh self-concept test, the appearance schema inventory-revised, personal appearance beliefs test and body checking questionnaire. Evaluation of the proposed model with structural equation modeling (SEM) by using of maximum likelihood estimation of AMOS software and calculation of fit indices indicated that, hypothetical model has the goodness of fit with the data. Results showed that, these model direct and indirect effects of physical and cognitive-behavioral factors respectively, .417 and .33, explain 53% of variation in body image. These findings are consistent with the results of other research, modeling in the area of body image, and furthermore, helping in better knowing complex biological and psychological structure of body image.
rahim badri gargari; javad mesr abadi; maryam palangi; rahimeh fathi
Volume 2, Issue 7 , April 2012, , Pages 171-188
Abstract
Background: Burnout among students refers to feeling exhausted because of study demands, having a cynical and detached attitude toward one’s study, and feeling incompetent as a student. Objective: This study examines the validity and the reliability of schoolburnout inventory (SBI) in high schools ...
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Background: Burnout among students refers to feeling exhausted because of study demands, having a cynical and detached attitude toward one’s study, and feeling incompetent as a student. Objective: This study examines the validity and the reliability of schoolburnout inventory (SBI) in high schools via confirmatory factor analysis. Method: This research adopted a descriptive approach. The study sample included a total of 520 (270 girls, 250 boys) adolescents, selected through random multi-cluster sampling from among high schools of Tabriz. Participants filled out a questionnaire concerning their school burnout. Findings:The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the three-factor solution, compared to other models, fit the data best and also gave the best reliability indices. The three theoretically-derived dimensions of school burnout were closely related but had separate constructs. Finally, the concurrent validity for the School- Burnout Inventory (SBI) was found and the correlations of school engagement with each of the three dimensions of school burnout were examined: the lower their school engagement, the more exhaustion, cynicism and inadequacy they reported. Conclusion: The present study introduced the new concept of school burnout and its measurement instrument in the educational and counseling contexts.
S Rezakhani
Abstract
Background: The research is based on of Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence according which we can adjust teaching methods and materials in harmony students kind and level of intelligence.Objectives:The present research was aimed to construct and standardize a questionnaire onGardner’s ...
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Background: The research is based on of Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence according which we can adjust teaching methods and materials in harmony students kind and level of intelligence.Objectives:The present research was aimed to construct and standardize a questionnaire onGardner’s multiple intelligence.Methods: The sample group consisted of 811 under graduate students in different branches of Roudehen Islamic Azad University in the second semester of academic year 1389-90. The sample group was randomly selected via multistage stratified sampling. The instrument was constructed according to Gardner’s theory and research literature and same of the available questionnaires. The reliability of the questionnaire was estimated using Cranbach Alpha coefficient, which range from 0.663 to 0.824 for different categories of questionnaires.The construct validity of the questionnaires was estimated using component principle analysis by varimax rotation.Results: The findings of research showed that 1) The questionnaires have a acceptable reliability and construct validity. 2) Independent groups t test showed that there was no significant difference between boys and girls except for bodily – kinesthetic intelligence. 3) Table of norms was computed for different test questionnaires based on deviate IQ (M=100,sd=15) for girls and boys.Conclusion: This instrument could be used for recognition of students intelligence and can be viewed as prelimitary step for future educational planninig and decision making for education.
Alireza Roohi; Rezvanosadat Jazayeri; Maryamsadat Fatehizade; Ozra Etemadi
Abstract
Interactional pathologies between couples are those factors that cause conflict and discord between men and women and reduce their marital satisfaction and compatibility. The purpose of this study was constructing and finding the reliability and validity of the Questionnaire of Interactional Pathologies ...
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Interactional pathologies between couples are those factors that cause conflict and discord between men and women and reduce their marital satisfaction and compatibility. The purpose of this study was constructing and finding the reliability and validity of the Questionnaire of Interactional Pathologies among men with the symptoms of avoidant personality. Therefore, after reviewing the relevant literature and implementing 14 semi-structured interviews, in a qualitative form, issues related to the construction of the questionnaire was revealed and the questionnaire was developed based on them. Then 200 people were selected purposefully among the married men who had referred to counseling centers and the questionnaire was administered on them. To determine the reliability of the questionnaire Cronbach's alpha, and to determine the validity of the questionnaire Marital Conflicts and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaires were used. The findings were analyzed using the SPSS software through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The analysis showed that Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total test was 0.96, its convergent validity with Marital Conflict Questionnaire was 0.78 and its divergent validity coefficient with Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire was 0.85. So, it was concluded that the researcher-made questionnaire has acceptable reliability and validity and it can diagnose the interactional pathology of avoidant men in clinical researches and couple therapies. Designing a questionnaire to identify people with avoidant personality, based on Iranian native culture, is the value of this research.
Abstract
The aim of this study was the validation of 3 wisdom scales consist of Ardelt’s Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale, Adult Self-Transcendence Inventory and Fundamental Values Scale. In this cross-sectional study, 899 person (585 females and 314 males) high school and college students were selected by ...
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The aim of this study was the validation of 3 wisdom scales consist of Ardelt’s Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale, Adult Self-Transcendence Inventory and Fundamental Values Scale. In this cross-sectional study, 899 person (585 females and 314 males) high school and college students were selected by multistage cluster sampling and adults were chosen by available Sampling. The Cronbach's alpha was used to calculate the reliability of each scale. Construct validity, Convergent validity and Divergent validity were used to calculate the validity of each scale. Cronbach's alpha for each scale was in the acceptable range (α from 0.565 to 0.899). Construct validity was examined by factor analysis and principal component (PCA), Factor analysis of Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale confirmed the 4-factor solution, as name Self-approved, reflective, cognitive and affective,they Respectively explained 15.61&6.77 & 4.72 and 4.28 percent of the total variance. Factor analysis of Adult Self-Transcendence Inventory confirmed the presence of 2 factors, Cosmic and Equanimity they Respectively explained 27.64 and 10.18 percent of the total variance. Factor analysis of Fundamental Values Scale confirmed the presence of 3 factors, first dimension is Spirituality, harmony and intelligence, twice is Sense of humor and third is Warmth they Respectively explained 32.04 and 6.45 and 5.95 percent of the total variance. For convergent validity of wisdom scales, two indicators of age and purpose in life were used. The correlation between Ardelt’s Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale, Adult Self-Transcendence Inventory and Fundamental Values Scale with age and purpose in life Respectively is (0.127 & .0425), (0.169 &0.518 ) and (0.292 & 0.091) This results showed that all three scales of wisdom have acceptable convergent validity. For Divergent validity of wisdom scales, alienation was used as an indicator. The correlation between Ardelt’s Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale, Adult Self-Transcendence Inventory and Fundamental Values Scale with alienation Respectively is -0.309 and -0.344 and -0.238.
Narges Akbari; Mohsen Ayati; Ali Zare-Moghaddam3
Abstract
Lifelong learning is an essential prerequisite for the development of societies and organizations. Educational system, which is the provider of human resources as the first and the most important factor of development, needs lifelong learners. Possessing a valid and reliable instrument to measure this ...
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Lifelong learning is an essential prerequisite for the development of societies and organizations. Educational system, which is the provider of human resources as the first and the most important factor of development, needs lifelong learners. Possessing a valid and reliable instrument to measure this characteristic is an important step for planning the related research; therefore, the Since there is no tool for assessing lifelong learning literacy in Iran, the purpose of this study is to validate the Iranian version of the 49-year Li and Tsai Lifelong Learning Literacy Questionnaire. In order to determine the content and face validity the questionnaire was translated and it was given to six faculty members, and after the needed reforms, it was approved. The method of this study is a applied survey method. The statistical population of this study is all secondary school teachers in the city of Birjand with a total of 500 people, 300 of whom were selected as cluster samples. Confirmatory factor analysis indicates that the eight factors pattern fits well with the data.( X2/DF=1/53, CFI= 0/964, NFI= 0/967, RMSEA= 0/06). Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the components was between 0.78 to 0.93 which shows acceptable reliability. Based on these results, it can be said that lifelong learning literacy questionnaire is an appropriate instrument for Iranian Studies.
r sohrabi; ali mirzaei
Volume 1, Issue 4 , July 2011, , Pages 1-29
Abstract
This descriptive correlation study is aimed at constructing and standardizing a test to measure personality based on Golestan Saadi. 276 students (137 female and 139 male) from Allameh Tabatabaee University were participated in this study. The questionnaire with 108 items was based on content analysis ...
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This descriptive correlation study is aimed at constructing and standardizing a test to measure personality based on Golestan Saadi. 276 students (137 female and 139 male) from Allameh Tabatabaee University were participated in this study. The questionnaire with 108 items was based on content analysis of the characteristics mentioned by Saadi in the first chapter of Golestan. In order to gathering the data, the questionnaires were filled by the students. Exploratory factor analysis by SPSS software was used to determine the numbers of the basic factors. The findings of this study confirm the questions. The calculated Cronbach Alpha coefficient was high (α= 0/96), which shows high reliability and internal consistency of the questionnaire. Construct validity (calculated by exploratory factor analysis with Varimax rotation) was also desirable. An exploratory factor analysis with Varimax rotation was administered on the questionnaires. According to the results, the final questionnaire consists of 63 items categorized in 5 basic components, including: ‘social maturity’,’ searching for connection’, ‘economical time use’, ‘kindness’ and ‘generosity’. The results also showed that discriminant validity of the questionnaire (its power for differentiating between groups) is desirable, as if two groups of healthy participants and clients of counseling centers can be distinguished by the questionnaire. On the other hand, norm tables of Z and T scores have been plotted for ’economical time use’ component separately because except for ‘economical time use’ component no difference between females and males’ mean scores were found (by independent sample t-test). Therefore, the tables were plotted generally for other components and for the total score. The criterion-related validity of the questionnaire with five factors of NEOPI-R is within acceptable limits. Cut-off point of the test was determined by calculating the confidence interval of total score and each scale of the test.
elham erfani; javad mesrabadi; tagi zavar
Volume 3, Issue 11 , April 2013, , Pages 1-54
Abstract
Abstract Background: Over the past two decades, many researchers have examined the effect of teaching learning strategies on educational improvement of students through experimental and quasi-experimental studies, which yielded different results. Thus, it is essential to use meta-analysis study to resolve ...
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Abstract Background: Over the past two decades, many researchers have examined the effect of teaching learning strategies on educational improvement of students through experimental and quasi-experimental studies, which yielded different results. Thus, it is essential to use meta-analysis study to resolve discrepancies and present a general result. Objectives: The present study aims to combine quantitative results from different studies concerning causal relationship between learning strategies and educational improvement. Methods: To do so, the quantitative findings of 28 researches were used and their effect size was calculated as 53. The studies used in this research were conducted in and collected from different universities and research centers including Shahid Rajaee University, Shahid Beheshti University, Tarbiat Moallem University of Tehran, University of Tehran, Alzahra University, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tarbiat Modares University, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, University of Shiraz, University of Isfahan, University of Tabriz, Institute of Educational Studies, Iranian Research Institute for Scientific Information and Documentation, and databases of Magiran, Noormags, and SID. After analyzing entry and exit criteria, Statistical indicators of the selected researches were analyzed using CMA version 2. Results: The combined results showed that teaching learning strategies had a significant effect on the educational improvement of both male and female learners. Therefore, it can be concluded that gender does not have a moderating role on the relationship between teaching learning strategies and educational improvement. Conclusion: Given the results of the meta-analysis on the large effect size of teaching learning strategies on education improvement, as well as the existing theories such as the theory of metacognition and information processing, it can be concluded that teaching learning strategies can be effective on the indicators of educational improvement of learners.
