adel mokhberi; fariba dortaj; ali dorekordi
Volume 1, Issue 4 , July 2011, , Pages 1-21
Abstract
The current investigation has been done for the purpose of the standardization of the social problem solving inventory (SPSI ) amongst students of the faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences of Tabatabaey university in 1387-88. For this purpose, a sample of 200 students consisting 154 females ...
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The current investigation has been done for the purpose of the standardization of the social problem solving inventory (SPSI ) amongst students of the faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences of Tabatabaey university in 1387-88. For this purpose, a sample of 200 students consisting 154 females and 46 males was selected based on categorical sampling, and the students were tested according to the social problem solving inventory ( SPSI) and social adjustment micro-scale of the adjustment questionnaire. Results showed that considering the Alfa value ( 0.85 )of the five factors measured, and the reliability value ( R = 0.88 ), the SPSI enjoys an acceptable rate of reliability. What’s more, the study of the factorial structure signifies the presence of 5 factors including ( APS ), ( RPS ), ( ICPS ), ( PPO ) and ( NPO ). Moreover the exploratory study of the relationship between the variables of the investigation showed that social problem solving ability would explain significantly social adjustment (R=0.304). In general, the results found in regards to the managing structure of the SPSI and the relation between the variables of the investigation, proved consistent with the precedent studies.
hossein abodllahi; abas bazargan
Volume 3, Issue 11 , April 2013, , Pages 55-76
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims at identifying the components of educational efficiency of faculty members, and construction and validation of a scale for measuring their educational efficiency. Method: A mixed method was used (focus groups and factor analysis). The population consisted of faculty ...
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Objective: The present study aims at identifying the components of educational efficiency of faculty members, and construction and validation of a scale for measuring their educational efficiency. Method: A mixed method was used (focus groups and factor analysis). The population consisted of faculty members (contractual, formal-probationary, and formal-permanent) working at 10 Humanities Faculties at the University of Tehran during the academic year 2007-08. The sample (size=200) was selected using stratified random sampling. Some questionnaires were excluded due to inadequate data. Finally, 137 complete questionnaires were analyzed. Faculty Member’s Educational Efficiency Scale was prepared in three stages as follows: 1) Analysis of results from previous studies for identifying the components of education efficiency; 2) Preparation of questionnaire items for initial implementation; 3) Final implementation and validation of educational efficiency scale After the first and second stages, the questionnaire was initially implemented in a small sample group, and the results were used to make the necessary revisions in the basic version of the questionnaire. The initial draft of the revised version was developed considering comments from the research team and measurement experts. The result was a final instrument intended for field research. The validity coefficient of scale measures was 0.902 using Cronbach’s alpha. To determine the validity of the scale, principal components factor analysis was used. Findings: The result of the study was the identification of the components of educational efficiency in eight categories. In addition, a 42-item questionnaire was developed to measure the educational efficiency of faculty members at the level of departments and faculties. The scale explains 65% of the total variance of the variable.
Sahar Rezaee; Aras Rasouli
Abstract
Marital silence is one of the things that can be related to divorce. Marital silence is to refrain from expressing opinions and expectations about marital problems and passively accepting conflicts and suppressing emotions in themselves. Measuring marital silence is important due to the use of reliable ...
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Marital silence is one of the things that can be related to divorce. Marital silence is to refrain from expressing opinions and expectations about marital problems and passively accepting conflicts and suppressing emotions in themselves. Measuring marital silence is important due to the use of reliable and reliable instruments and in view of the increasing rate of divorce in Iran. This study was conducted with the aim of building the validity of marital silence questionnaire. The present study is a correlation study. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the present study included couples referring to the courts and counseling centers of Kermanshah city. Among the target population, 280 were selected by random sampling method. The research instrument was a 36-question questionnaire. The data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and using the WEYMAX statistical software. The first component (communication skills) has the highest correlation with other components, and the highest correlation between the first components (communication skills) with the second component (fear of exposure) with the correlation coefficient is 0.711. Other components (doubts and distrust, interest in the spouse, cultural and educational obstacles and children) have high and significant correlations. The result of marital silence questionnaire showed that it has good reliability and validity. The questionnaire can also be used in consultation with clients and in clinical trials to measure the concentration of people.
jalil Younesi
Abstract
Objective: This research was carried out with the aim of exploration, description and explication of PhD applicants’ and faculty members’ attitudes on the method of the PhD applicants’ selection (semi-focused and non-focused). Method: To do so, a mixed-methods design was used and the ...
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Objective: This research was carried out with the aim of exploration, description and explication of PhD applicants’ and faculty members’ attitudes on the method of the PhD applicants’ selection (semi-focused and non-focused). Method: To do so, a mixed-methods design was used and the data was collocated in two stages from the academics and also the experts in different fields. In qualitative process about 70 professors and students in different majors were individually interviewed in focus groups; open coding method was used in the process of analyzing the qualitative data, then, the concerns and mental stresses of the beneficiaries in this area were identified. In the quantitative part, 500 academics from the universities in Tehran were asked to answer the researcher-made questionnaires and then the questionnaires were analyzed very carefully. Especially in administrative part, the executive priority was given to the qualitative research and analysis of qualitative findings. Discussion: the discussion was carried out based on the findings of qualitative analysis. In each part, for the purpose of comparing, approving or determining the conflicting cases, the findings of quantitative analysis were presented together with the qualitative findings. Results: the results showed that there was a significant difference between the professors’ and students’ attitudes on the selection of PhD applicants in semi-focused method; namely the professors tended to have more share in the process of selecting PhD applicants, while the applicants were in favor of allocating more share to national organization of educational testing (NOET) in the selection process.
parvaneh kadivar; zahra tanha; mehdi Arabzadeh
Volume 1, Issue 4 , July 2011, , Pages 73-88
Abstract
The The investigation of psychometric properties of epistemological belief scale in mathematics including reliability, validity and exploratory factor analysis was the purpose of this study. To achieve this end 464 university students (149 famales and 315 males), were selected through cluster rom sampling. ...
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The The investigation of psychometric properties of epistemological belief scale in mathematics including reliability, validity and exploratory factor analysis was the purpose of this study. To achieve this end 464 university students (149 famales and 315 males), were selected through cluster rom sampling. The exploratory factor analysis were investigated through principal component method, this analysis confirmed six factors ( difficult problems, steps, understanding, word problems, effort and usefulness).To reach the concurrent validity of the scale, Schommer epistemological beliefs scale and Kloosterman and stage scale were conducted. The results of the analysis were acceptable. Test- retest reliability and internal consistency of the cronbach scale through, alpha coefficients confirmed. The results of factor analysis, conducted in the main culture and previous validity- reliability coefficient were closed to the studies. A psychometric property, of this scale allows applying to mathematical epistemological beliefs research.
simin ronagi; ali delavar; mohamadali mazaheri
Volume 3, Issue 11 , April 2013, , Pages 77-99
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Considering the importance of studying the factors affecting organ transplantation in Iran, the present research aims at examining the factor structure, reliability and validity of the organ transplantation attitude scale.
Method: The method of research was descriptive survey. ...
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Abstract
Background: Considering the importance of studying the factors affecting organ transplantation in Iran, the present research aims at examining the factor structure, reliability and validity of the organ transplantation attitude scale.
Method: The method of research was descriptive survey. A sample of 210 students, who were selected using multistage cluster sampling, completed the questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed using content validity, construct validity and factorial validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was examined through Cronbach's alpha coefficient.
Findings: The pattern of correlation coefficients between the subscales indicated a good construct validity of the scale. The results of exploratory-confirmatory factor analysis were also indicative of good and acceptable fit of items. Moreover, the Cronbach's alpha coefficients for all subscales and total scale were desirable regarding psychometric properties, and reliability coefficient was also good.
Conclusion: Considering the results of the study, the scale constructed in the Iranian society can be said to have good validity and reliability. It can be used to assess the factors influencing organ transplantation in Iran.
Zabihollah Abbaspour; abbas amanelahi; asgar choubdari
Abstract
Emotional blackmail is a powerful form of manipulation in which one person close to another threaten, either directly or indirectly, to punish him if he doesn't do what those person wants. The main purpose of the present study was to examine psychometric properties of Emotional Blackmail Scale (EB) including ...
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Emotional blackmail is a powerful form of manipulation in which one person close to another threaten, either directly or indirectly, to punish him if he doesn't do what those person wants. The main purpose of the present study was to examine psychometric properties of Emotional Blackmail Scale (EB) including construct validity, convergent validity and internal consistency. The study was a survey type. The statistical population of this research included all of married women in Ahvaz. Out of this population, 269 women selected through convenience sampling and completed Emotional Blackmail Scale (EB) and Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse Scale. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed three factors (fear, obligation and guilt feeling) but two-factor structure was not confirmed. The convergent validity of Emotional Blackmail Scale (EB) was supported by an expected pattern of correlation between this scale and Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse Scale. All correlations between the mean scores on Emotional Blackmail Scale (EB) and Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse Scale were statistically significant. Coefficient’s Cronbach alpha were between 0/78 to 0/85. Findings showed that this scale can be used in clinical and research studies and the use of these scales is recommended to psychologists and family counselors.
Abstract
This study aimed to discover the most optimal method of smoothing data in different equating methods. For this purpose, data were exactly collected using both TOLIMO and Comprehensive Tests of Iran Educational Testing Organization administered in 1391-92. To analyze data collected from Comprehensive ...
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This study aimed to discover the most optimal method of smoothing data in different equating methods. For this purpose, data were exactly collected using both TOLIMO and Comprehensive Tests of Iran Educational Testing Organization administered in 1391-92. To analyze data collected from Comprehensive Tests of Iran Educational Testing Organization, only the items related to joint general subjects from majors of mathematics and physics, science and humanities were utilized. Data were collected from samples with different sizes and tests with different lengths in terms of items to discover the most optimal method for smoothing data in test equating. As to TOLIMO, equating NEAT design was used while in Comprehensive Tests it was homogeneous groups design. Results of the analyses showed that to smooth data in TOLIMO, the first model (logarithmic linear model including mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis- the first four transformations for the test and anchor) which is simpler was selected. Thus, the best model for smoothing data collected from TOLIMO (form X) was discovered in three sample sizes 0f 200, 500 and 1000 participants. In the same way, in the form Y of TOLIMO with sample sized of 200 and 1000 participants the first model was recognized the best model, but in sample size of 500 people the second model was selected best. As to the data collected from Comprehensive Tests (both X and Y forms), the third model of logarithmic linear models including mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis (the first four transformations) was the best model with different sample sizes of 200, 500 and 1000 people since a model with the lowest AIC has better fitness indexes. Findings, also, indicated that the larger the sample size was and the longer the test was in terms of items, the more improved the fitness for Kernel smoothing there would be.
farzaneh Roaei; ali delavar; noreali farokhi
Volume 1, Issue 4 , July 2011, , Pages 1-25
Abstract
The current paper reviews the concept of meta analysis of Anxiety & Depression researches in 1363-1385 at University of Allameh Tabatabaei university , faculty of psychology and education science . The relevant controls were convenient for the present research in order to study the aspect of ...
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The current paper reviews the concept of meta analysis of Anxiety & Depression researches in 1363-1385 at University of Allameh Tabatabaei university , faculty of psychology and education science . The relevant controls were convenient for the present research in order to study the aspect of Anxiety & Depression, therefore a number of 41 cases from 55 on anxiety including 36 case out of 59 on depression were optimized for meta analysis . Research methodology is structured due to revision in connection with descriptive statistics device ,meanwhile it is meta analysis in terms of inferential statistics , therefore software of CMA (Comprehensive Meta Analysis ) & SPSS used to analyze collected data . The whole Research analyzed in connection with significant of case reliability. Statistical method t (dependent & independent) is significant in scope of cause of effect in anxiety and way of anxiety therapy methods including cause and effect on depression for depression therapy methods .The sampling is cluster form , while sampling method for accessibility in Research linked to causes and anxiety factors , though the anxiety therapy method and accessible sampling method plus random sampling method are in significant range. The methods of randomly and cluster samplings in the field of cause and effect are depression components furthermore randomly sampling method in depression therapy method are significant too. The Research methodology used in cause , comparative and correlation area over cause and effect of anxiety ,while anxiety therapy methods ,the case of experimental & semi experimental methods are in significant range too. The results arisen by this paper demonstrate that Research carried out in the fields of anxiety and depression deserve more revision and modification because novel Researches are critical for application specifically in both fields concerned.
fatemeh ghaemi
Volume 3, Issue 11 , April 2013, , Pages 100-111
homeyra Azadmanesh; hasan ahadi; Gholamreza Manshaee
Abstract
Mobile phone is a technological tool that is becoming popular day by day in the community and for the public, and because of this, most people in the community are buying it. In order to manufacturing, designing and validating nomobophobia. Should be developed that can scale well-meaning concept of mobile ...
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Mobile phone is a technological tool that is becoming popular day by day in the community and for the public, and because of this, most people in the community are buying it. In order to manufacturing, designing and validating nomobophobia. Should be developed that can scale well-meaning concept of mobile comes in mind is the sense in which students describe and explain semantic differential as a complementary concept mobile phone. So the present research aims to study construction and psychometric properties of the semantic differential scale. In this way the researcher-made scale was administrated on 361 Tehran human sciences students and the results of factor analysis showed that this scale consists of 43 items that were reliable and valid. So we concluded that this scale can supplement the nomophobia questionnaire. The development and validation could well describe and explain by researcher. Developing and standardization of the mobile concept of semantic differentiation scale means
elahe Aminifar; bahram Saleh Sedghpour(; n Bagheri
Volume 1, Issue 4 , July 2011, , Pages 1-16
Abstract
Geometry is one of the important subjects in mathematics which is related to students’ reasoning and thinking. Based on van Hiele theory a student must pass through five sequential and hierarchical discrete levelsof geometric thinking to achieve a successful reasoning in geometry. Geometric thinking ...
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Geometry is one of the important subjects in mathematics which is related to students’ reasoning and thinking. Based on van Hiele theory a student must pass through five sequential and hierarchical discrete levelsof geometric thinking to achieve a successful reasoning in geometry. Geometric thinking consists of problem solving and manipulating spatial images. The aim of the present study was to create a reliable and valid test to assess students’ level of geometric thinking based on van Hiele theory. The survey research was used and a test has been made by reviewing recent research and literature. The test includes 21 questions related to the levels of geometric thinking based on van Hiele theory. The geometry concepts in creating this test comprise: angle, triangle, square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram, trapezoidal and circle. Students who were studying in grades 4-8 in elementary and middle schools in 2009-2010 in Tehran were considered as a statistical population. By cluster sampling method 507 students were chosen. The test was taken from the sample consists of 162 students from grade four, 174 students from grade five, 85 students from grade six, 47 students from grade seven, and 39 students from grade eight. Content validity, construct validity (factor analysis), and item analysis including difficulty index, discrimination index, and Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency of the test items were used to get the results. Five factors were realized by factor analysis as follow: properties of shapes from angle dimension, rotation, properties of shapes from right angle dimension, properties of shapes and angles, and the relationship between shapes.
asghar minaei
Volume 3, Issue 11 , April 2013, , Pages 113-151
Abstract
Abstract
It is necessary for international tests, such as TIMSS and PIRLS, to have Structural Equivalence, also known as Structural Comparability. In other words, test items should be functionally identical for all the participant countries and groups. The present research was an attempt to examine ...
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Abstract
It is necessary for international tests, such as TIMSS and PIRLS, to have Structural Equivalence, also known as Structural Comparability. In other words, test items should be functionally identical for all the participant countries and groups. The present research was an attempt to examine the structural comparability of TIMSS 2007 8th-Grade Science Test and differential functioning of its items among Iranian and American students, as well as the effect of items with differential functioning on the performance of Iranian students. A combination of confirmatory factor analysis and Item Response Theory was used to analyze the data and answer research questions. The results of factor analysis indicated that the science test had structural comparability between the two groups. This finding suggests that both Iranian and American students use an identical conceptual framework to answer the test items. However, the results of differential item functioning analysis indicated that 62% of TIMSS 2007 8th-Grade Science Test items had differential functioning against Iranian students. In short, the poor performance of Iranian students in TIMSS 2007 Science Test cannot be attributed to differential item functioning, and the causes should be sought elsewhere. Ministry of Education officials and administrators should try to teach the key concepts of any field in an interrelated manner and to cultivate divergent and multidimensional thinking skills and ability in students by preparing appropriate educational contents. Moreover, attempts must be made to distance the system from the traditional method of teaching, which mainly consisted of theoretical lectures, and involve students in practical and laboratory activities.
maryam moghadasin; mohamadali Asghari Moghaddam
Volume 1, Issue 4 , July 2011, , Pages 1-42
Abstract
Abstract
This paper examines the structure factor (Confirmatory) of a Persian Version of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2) in Iranian Clinical Sample. Sampel of this study consisted of 553 patients that referred to two psychiatric clinic in Tehran city between 86 - 89 years, ...
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Abstract
This paper examines the structure factor (Confirmatory) of a Persian Version of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2) in Iranian Clinical Sample. Sampel of this study consisted of 553 patients that referred to two psychiatric clinic in Tehran city between 86 - 89 years, (178 males and 375 females) between 17 - 66 years with the diagnostic group that were classified; anxiety disorders, mood disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders, personality disorders, impulsive control disorder and phobia disorder with convenient sampling. After data collection, data were analyzed by Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, in the end, a questionnaire consisting of 48 item with five scales and four subscales; (the State Anger (internal state and external state), Trait Anger (Angry temperament and Angry reaction), Anger Expression-Out, Anger Expression-In and Anger Control) were excluded as the final questionnaire. Significantly differences were obtained in the factor structure of Iranian and American samples. In section of Stait - anger instead of three subscales-feeling of anger, verbal expression of anger and physical expression of anger, extrated the internal state and external state subscale. In section of trait anger by eliminating the 19 item was confirmed angry temperament and the angry reaction subscales. In section of Expression of anger, two scales of Anger Control – out and Anger Control –In loading on a first factor as Anger Control. Three item of anger Expression-Out and five item of anger Expression-In eliminated due to poor psychometrics characteristics and loading on the irrelevant factor.Relatively stable factor structure were obtained for men and women with the exception of differences on the Anger Expression-In scale.
e zareai
Volume 3, Issue 11 , April 2013, , Pages 151-169
Abstract
Background: The process of education, i.e. teaching and learning, is due to the interaction of three elements, namely teacher, student, and content. Almost all of classroom learning and teaching takes place through interaction. Therefore, interaction is essential and fundamental for establishing learning ...
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Background: The process of education, i.e. teaching and learning, is due to the interaction of three elements, namely teacher, student, and content. Almost all of classroom learning and teaching takes place through interaction. Therefore, interaction is essential and fundamental for establishing learning communities.
Objective: The present study was an attempt to analyze the status of interaction in e-curriculum of Khajeh Nasir Toosi University of Technology.
Method: The method used in this study was cross-sectional survey. The population consisted of all the students of Computer Engineering, Industrial Engineering, and IT Engineering, as well as all the professors and instructors of e-learning courses who were present at this educational center during the academic year 2009-10. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data.
Findings: The analysis of data, which was carried out through descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, indicated that the interaction between teachers, students, and content in e-curriculum of Khajeh Nasir Toosi University of Technology is below the average level.
afroze bahramian; habib hadianfard; n mohamadi; changiz rahimi
Volume 3, Issue 11 , April 2013, , Pages 170-195
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed at the standardization of Bender Gestalt II for preschool andprimary school-children in Shiraz. The sample consisted of 473 girls and 427 boys aged 4 to 11 years who were selected using stratified random sampling from eight schools located in four education ...
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Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed at the standardization of Bender Gestalt II for preschool andprimary school-children in Shiraz. The sample consisted of 473 girls and 427 boys aged 4 to 11 years who were selected using stratified random sampling from eight schools located in four education districts of Shiraz.
Methods: Test-retest and split-half methods were used for studying the reliability of the test. To assess the validity of the test, four procedures were used, namely comparison of BG II and Bender-Gestalt test (Koppitz scoring system), comparison with Cancellation test, studying the performance of ADHD and LD children in BG II. In this regard, correlation coefficients were used for the first two procedures, and independent T was used for the last two procedures.
Results and Conclusion: The reliability coefficient obtained in copy phase was 0.94 and in recall phase was 0.76. The mean of split-half reliability coefficient for all age groups was 0.80. The results of validity assessment showed high validity of BG II for use in Iran, a fact suggesting that BG II can be used as a suitable assessment tool in the Iranian culture. A result of the standardization was that contrary to Koppitz's finding (1963), children's performance in BG II could be affected by cultural and social factors. In other words, children from higher cultural and social groups had a better performance compared to children from lower cultural and social groups. In this study, the performance of girls was significantly better than that of boys.
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed at the standardization of Bender Gestalt II for preschool andprimary school-children in Shiraz. The sample consisted of 473 girls and 427 boys aged 4 to 11 years who were selected using stratified random sampling from eight schools located in four education districts of Shiraz.
Methods: Test-retest and split-half methods were used for studying the reliability of the test. To assess the validity of the test, four procedures were used, namely comparison of BG II and Bender-Gestalt test (Koppitz scoring system), comparison with Cancellation test, studying the performance of ADHD and LD children in BG II. In this regard, correlation coefficients were used for the first two procedures, and independent T was used for the last two procedures.
Results and Conclusion: The reliability coefficient obtained in copy phase was 0.94 and in recall phase was 0.76. The mean of split-half reliability coefficient for all age groups was 0.80. The results of validity assessment showed high validity of BG II for use in Iran, a fact suggesting that BG II can be used as a suitable assessment tool in the Iranian culture. A result of the standardization was that contrary to Koppitz's finding (1963), children's performance in BG II could be affected by cultural and social factors. In other words, children from higher cultural and social groups had a better performance compared to children from lower cultural and social groups. In this study, the performance of girls was significantly better than that of boys.
Seyed Saeed Torabi; Hamidreza Hassanabadi; Parvin Kadivar; Robabeh Noori
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric Indices of the 14-item Questionnaire of Mental Scale (TSV; Wu & Fan, 2016) in the Iranian student community. Participants were 260 students from Damghan State universities who were selected by cluster sampling. Participants responded to ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric Indices of the 14-item Questionnaire of Mental Scale (TSV; Wu & Fan, 2016) in the Iranian student community. Participants were 260 students from Damghan State universities who were selected by cluster sampling. Participants responded to individually Task Subjective Value scales, Achievement behaviors, and academic self-efficacy in a single classroom session with the same set of tools, respectively. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to evaluate the construct validity of the TSV Scale. The results of principal component analysis with varimax rotation showed that the TSV scale consists of two subscales Utility-Attainment value and intrinsic values. Confirmatory factor analysis results by comparing competing single-factor, two-factor and four-factor models showed that the two-factor structure of the scale had a better fit to the data and all fit indices confirmed the fit of the model. Also, the internal consistency of the TSV subscales using the Cronbach's alpha method was appropriate. To estimate the criterion and convergent validity of the correlation coefficients of the TSV subscales with the subscales of effort and persistence on the Scales of achievement Behaviors (Wu & Fan, 2016) and academic self-efficacy (Pint rich and De Groot, 1990). The level of 0.01 was significant. Totality, the results of the present study provide evidence for the validity and reliability of TSV as a tool for assessing the subjective value of homework among Iranian students and can be used by researchers.
karim abdolmohamadi; Ghadiri Sourman Abadi Farhad; Khoshdavi Ebrahimzadeh; Amir Alizadeh; Mostafa Zarean; Fahimeh Nourafkan
Abstract
Considering the extent of developmental-behavioral problems, existing questionnaires assess the limited aspects of these problems. Developmental -Behavioral Problem Questionnaire (FTF) is more comprehensive than other tools and made with a comprehensive look at these problems. The purpose of this study ...
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Considering the extent of developmental-behavioral problems, existing questionnaires assess the limited aspects of these problems. Developmental -Behavioral Problem Questionnaire (FTF) is more comprehensive than other tools and made with a comprehensive look at these problems. The purpose of this study was to validate this questionnaire in Iranian society. The present study is descriptive. A sample of 700 individuals was selected through cluster sampling from Tehran, East Azarbaijan, Isfahan, Ahvaz and Kurdistan provinces, 55 subjects were excluded from the statistical analysis due to incomplete response to the questionnaires, in this way, the final sample was reduced to 645 mothers. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25 and LISREL. The present questionnaire consists of 18 dimensions. The reliability coefficients of the dimensions of the questionnaire are between 0/486 (defective in organizing) and up to 0/916 (academic skill deficiency). And also with regard to the fitting indicators reported, the six-factor model is considered to be the best-fit model. According to the findings of the present study, the developmental -Behavioral problems (FTF) questionnaire(FTF) in Iranian society as a tool for evaluating developmental-behavioral problems has a good validity. And can be used as a valid tool in clinical and research settings.
maryam sadat akhbari; Hamid Reza Arizi; hossein eskandari; hamid bidram
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the criticism by Coffey, Holbrook, and Atkinson (1996) against the grounded theory, claiming that the widespread use of software in coding has led to excessive emphasis on traditional coding procedures, adoption of certain standards, and adoption of a linear coding ...
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This study aimed to investigate the criticism by Coffey, Holbrook, and Atkinson (1996) against the grounded theory, claiming that the widespread use of software in coding has led to excessive emphasis on traditional coding procedures, adoption of certain standards, and adoption of a linear coding procedure, which can hinder the process of analysis. For the purpose of analyzing this claim, eight cognitive task analysis interviews were conducted with managers of two regional companies affiliated with the National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company (NIORDC). Two different groups were set out to code the texts. The first group used the Strauss and Corbin’s (1994) grounded theory approach, using NVIVO. The second group based their work on the Crandall, Klein, and Hoffman’s (2006) cognitive task analysis approach, using an intertextual procedure. Finally, the codes of the two groups were compared together. The results revealed more coded sentences and more practical conceptual categories in the second group.
mohamad hossein khatir; masoud haghighi
Abstract
The aim of this study is to identify and weigh the performance evaluation indicators of high school principals in Tehran with a fuzzy multi-criteria decision making approach(MCDM). Improving the quality of education and achieving its goals and policies is achieved when there is an effective evaluation ...
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The aim of this study is to identify and weigh the performance evaluation indicators of high school principals in Tehran with a fuzzy multi-criteria decision making approach(MCDM). Improving the quality of education and achieving its goals and policies is achieved when there is an effective evaluation system with appropriate indicators. Since in real-life situations, experts 'judgments can not be expressed and interpreted as definite quantitative numbers, and data as well as definite numbers are insufficient to model real-world systems due to the uncertainty in decision makers' judgment, so this study relies on Fuzzy theory was performed. Research in handis applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection. The statistical population, drawn by using the Available Sampling method,, consists of 20 experts including 10 university professors and 10 senior managers of different education zones of Tehran. Both library and field methods were used to collect data. The research process regarding of weighting and ranking of indicators was performed by designing three questionnaires in 5 stages including fuzzy Delphi and fuzzy TOPSIS, best-worst, dimethyl and network analysis method.The results showed that using the fuzzy MCDM approach, the performance evaluation indicators of managers that were previously identified were ranked in relation to communication skills, personality traits, managerial skills, professional abilities and skills and decision making skills, respectively. The result is that the use of fuzzy multi-criteria methods provides more realistic results than quantitative or qualitative methods in empirical situations and is more feasible.
mahdi vojdani hemmat; atousa kalantar hormozi; Hosein salimi; Kioumars Farahbakhsh
Abstract
AbstractIn the Iranian educational system, it is the duty of school counselors to students' education guidance in order to improve their academic/career readiness and achieve success. The aim of this study was to Phenomenology the lived experiences of 10 school counselors in Tehran in the academic year ...
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AbstractIn the Iranian educational system, it is the duty of school counselors to students' education guidance in order to improve their academic/career readiness and achieve success. The aim of this study was to Phenomenology the lived experiences of 10 school counselors in Tehran in the academic year 2019-2020 by available sampling method. The themes were analyzed and the interviews were coded by Colaizzis' method and the result was 160 theme, 54 sub-categories and 24 main-categories. The main categories in four sections under the headings; 1-Necessities and requirements of the academic guidance program, 2-Competencies required by students, 3-Factors related to school and family, and 4-Existing academic guidance challenges were formulated. Two sections; The necessities and requirements of the program, and the competencies required, are in alignment with similar foreign research, but in relation to Internal research, these two areas are innovative. Sections 3 and 4, which deal with related factors and challenges, align with internal and foreign research.
hamidreza karami; Masoud gramipour; Asghar Minaei
Abstract
Although rasch tree model analysis has been introduced to identify Bias questions in various tests, little research has been done. The purpose of this study was to use the rasch tree model and to investigate the intervening factors in revealing the differential action of the test questions. To answer ...
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Although rasch tree model analysis has been introduced to identify Bias questions in various tests, little research has been done. The purpose of this study was to use the rasch tree model and to investigate the intervening factors in revealing the differential action of the test questions. To answer the research questions, the method of simulation studies and data of the specific test of Amin University of Law Enforcement Sciences were used. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of method called psychometric research. The statistical population of the special exam of Amin University of Law Enforcement Sciences in 1398 with the number of 2414 people has been analyzed in full. The DIFtree package in R software was used to determine the detection rate of the differentiation Item Functioning using the rasch tree model. The results of the simulation study showed that the rasch tree model detects the differentiation Item Functioning in samples with a volume of more than 1000 subjects as 100%. The results also showed that in the specific exam of the University of Law Enforcement Sciences, 9 questions have differentiation Item Functioning, in the most important of which, 7 questions in the mathematics group with 18 years of age (second category) and 6 questions in the mathematics group with 19 years of age (category First) has a bias towards the experimental sciences group (third category) and the orientation of the bias has been in favor of the first and second category and to the detriment of the third category.
Marzieh Saviz; Elaheh Hejazi; Keyvan Salehi; Gholamali Afrooz
Abstract
Morality is recognized as a context and culture dependent concept and the correct measurement of morality by means of valid and appropriate instruments of the related context and culture has always been the focus of psychologists. The main purpose of this study was to develop a scale for assessing morality ...
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Morality is recognized as a context and culture dependent concept and the correct measurement of morality by means of valid and appropriate instruments of the related context and culture has always been the focus of psychologists. The main purpose of this study was to develop a scale for assessing morality in Iranian adolescents and to validate this scale. The research method was a mixed method and the design was exploratory and tool development. The research sample in the quantitative section consisted of 1823 first grade male and female students in districts 4, 2, 3, 16 and 11 of Tehran who were selected by multistage sampling.In the qualitative section after the qualitative analysis of the interviews, it was determined that Iranian adolescents define ethics in seven categories: justice, care, moral agency, moral sensitivity, moral responsibility, moral motivation, and personal values. Using qualitative findings, the moral tool was constructed and after preliminary implementation, the validity and reliability of the original sample was assessed.The content validity of the scale was confirmed by experts and with CVR index of 0.91. The criterion validity was assessed by running the Davies Empathy Questionnaire (1983) and the correlation coefficients of the two questionnaires. The construct validity was confirmed by second-order factor analysis as well as the mean variance extracted (AVE). The reliability of the instrument was confirmed by internal consistency and Cronbach's alpha coefficients (0.87) and composite reliability test for components ranged from 0.72 to 0.87. According to the results of this study, the instrument of moral development of adolescents for measuring this construct in Iranian samples has good reliability and validity.
zahra fatehi Peykani; Hossein Ebrahimi Moghaddam; Haeideh Saberi
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Adolescent Resilience Scale (ARS, Oshio, Nakaya, Kaneko & Nagamine, 2002) among girl Iranian adolescents. In this correlational study, 486 female adolescents responded to the Adolescent Resilience Scale (ARS), ...
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The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Adolescent Resilience Scale (ARS, Oshio, Nakaya, Kaneko & Nagamine, 2002) among girl Iranian adolescents. In this correlational study, 486 female adolescents responded to the Adolescent Resilience Scale (ARS), the Adolescent and Adult Mindfulness Scale (AAMS), the Cognitive Reappraisal Scale (CRS) and the Proactive Coping Scale (PCS). The principal component analysis method with oblimin rotation were used to compute the ARS's factorial validity and correlation coefficients between resilience dimensions with mindfulness, active coping and cognitive reappraisals were used to compute the ARS’s criterion validity. The results of the principal components analysis showed that the adolescent resilience scale consisted of four factors: positive orientation towards the future, emotional regulation, novelty seeking and patience. Correlation coefficients between dimensions of resilience with mindfulness, cognitive reappraisal and active coping supported the criterion validity of adolescent resilience scale, experimentally. Internal consistency for the positive future orientation, emotional regulation, novelty seeking and patience sub scales was 0/90, 0/75, 0/77 & 0/65, respectively. Conclusion: In sum, these findings provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the ARS to measure of psychological resilience as a dynamic process of positive adjustment to stressful experiences and posttraumatic development in girl adolescents.
Masoomeh Estaji
Abstract
Classroom assessment, as the complementary part of the language learning process, is a powerful decision-making instrument. Nonetheless, more research is required regarding the ways teachers cope with these requirements, and how they affect their pedagogical practices. This study is an attempt to examine ...
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Classroom assessment, as the complementary part of the language learning process, is a powerful decision-making instrument. Nonetheless, more research is required regarding the ways teachers cope with these requirements, and how they affect their pedagogical practices. This study is an attempt to examine EFL teachers’ perceptions of assessment literacy and the criteria they consider to assess their students. Moreover, it examines whether graduate and undergraduate teachers differ in terms of their assessment literacy. To this end, by using a survey and Ex-Post Facto research design and through a two-part questionnaire on assessment literacy (adapted from Plake, 1993; Plake, Impara, & Fager, 1993), a comparison was made between undergraduate (N=22) and graduate teachers (N=10) of English as a Foreign Language (EFL), English Literature, Translation studies, and Linguistics selected through purposive sampling on their perceptions of assessment literacy. The research results revealed a statistically significant difference between undergraduate and graduate teachers’ perceptions of assessment literacy. Results also showed that graduate teachers had higher perceptions of assessment literacy than their undergraduate counterparts, representing the effect of their level of education and educational background. Thus, this study highlights the significance of giving sufficient and proper training to all soon-to-be language teachers on language assessment, argues for the need, suggests ways by which teachers can become more literate in the domain of language assessment, and presents ways teacher educators and language testing experts can assist in this path.
