آزمایش مدل منحنی رشد نهفته انگیزش خواندن و نگرش به خواندن با کنترل مقدار خواندن، جنسیت و وضعیت اجتماعی-اقتصادی در دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی شهر یزد: یک پژوهش طولی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان یزد، یزد، ایران.

2 استاد گروه روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و تربیتی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و تربیتی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر، آزمایش مدل منحنی رشد نهفته انگیزش خواندن و نگرش نسبت به خواندن با کنترل مقدار خواندن، جنسیت و وضعیت اجتماعی-اقتصادی در دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی شهر یزد، به‌صورت یک پژوهش طولی، بود. برای پاسخ‌گویی به سؤال‌های پژوهش از مدل منحنی رشد نهفته استفاده شد. جامعه آماری این پژوهش، شامل کل دانش‌آموزان مشغول به تحصیل در پایه‌های چهارم ابتدایی شهر یزد در سال تحصیلی 1400 تا 1402 بود. روش نمونه‌گیری، تصادفی چندمرحله‌ای بود. نمونه این پژوهش را 300 دختر و 300 پسر تشکیل داده است. در این پژوهش، از پرسشنامه انگیزش خواندن (RMQ) از شیفل و شافنر (2016)، پرسشنامه نگرش نسبت به خواندن از مک‌کنا و کیر (1990)، سیاهه مقدار خواندن از بکر و همکاران (2010) و پرسشنامه وضعیت اجتماعی-اقتصادی از گرمارودی و مرادی (1389) استفاده شد. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از روش آماری منحنی رشد نهفته استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن بود که منحنی رشد انگیزش خواندن و نگرش نسبت به خواندن به‌صورت خطی است و هر دو متغیر انگیزش خواندن و نگرش نسبت به خواندن، طی چهار مرحله سنجش، به‌صورت کاهشی بود. جنسیت، هم پیش‌بین خوبی برای انگیزش خواندن بود و انگیزش خواندن در بین دخترها بیشتر از پسرها بود. اگرچه در ابتدا جنسیت پیش‌بین معنی‌داری برای نگرش نسبت به خواندن بود امّا در طول 4 بار سنجش، پیش‌بین معنی‌داری نبود. وضعیت اجتماعی-اقتصادی هم در ابتدای سنجش انگیزش خواندن و هم در طول 4 مرحله سنجش، پیش‌بین معنی‌داری برای انگیزش خواندن بود. وضعیت اجتماعی-اقتصادی نه در ابتدا و نه در طول 4 مرحله سنجش، پیش‌بین معنی‌داری برای سنجش نگرش نسبت به خواندن نبود. مقدار خواندن هم در ابتدای سنجش و هم در پایان 4 مرحله سنجش، متغیر پیش‌بین معنی‌داری برای انگیزش خواندن و نگرش نسبت به خواندن بود. در پایان، این پژوهش تفاوت‌های بین فردی قوی در انگیزش خواندن و نگرش نسبت به خواندن در شروع کلاس چهارم (عرض از مبدأ) و در طول 4 مرحله سنجش (شیب) در دانش‌آموزان، ملاحظه شد. نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند تلویحات کاربردی برای آموزش خواندن داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

Testing the Latent Growth Curve Model of Reading Motivation and Reading Attitude by Controlling the Amount of Reading, Gender and Socio-Economic Status in Elementary School Students in Yazd City: a Longitudinal Study

نویسندگان English

Mojtaba Khalili Zarchi 1
Manijeh Shehniyailagh 2
Alireza Hajiyakhchali 3
1 Ph.D. of Educational Psychology, Farhangian university of Yazd, yazd, Iran
2 Professor in Educational Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Associate Professor in Educational Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده English

The aim of the present study was to test the latent growth curve model of reading motivation and attitude towards reading by controlling the amount of reading, gender and socio-economic status in elementary school students in Yazd city, in the form of a longitudinal study. The latent growth curve model was used to answer the research questions. The statistical population of this research included all students studying in the fourth grades of Yazd city in the academic year 2021 to 2022. The sampling method was multi-stage random. For this purpose, first of all, a district was selected between the 2 districts of Yazd city and by referring to the administration of that district, the number of 20 schools (10 girls' schools and 10 boys' schools) was selected and in each school, two classes were selectd from among the available classes (fourth grade). And 15 people were randomly selected from each class. The sample of this research is 300 girls and 300 boys. In this research, from the Reading Motivation Questionnaire (RMQ) from Sheifel and Shafner (2016), the Attitude towards Reading Questionnaire from McKenna and Keir (1990), the Reading Quantity Inventory from Becker et al. (2010) and the Socio-Economic Status Questionnaire from Garmarodi. and Moradi (2010) were used. Latent growth curve statistical method was used for data analysis. The results of the research indicated that the growth curve of reading motivation and attitude towards reading is linear and both the variables of reading motivation and attitude towards reading were decreasing during the four measurement stages. Gender was also a good predictor of motivation to read and motivation to read was more among girls than boys. Although gender was a significant predictor for attitude towards reading at the beginning, it was not a significant predictor during the 4 measurements. Socio-economic status was a significant predictor of reading motivation both at the beginning of reading motivation measurement and during the 4 stages of measurement. Socio-economic status neither at the beginning nor during the 4 stages of measurement was not a significant predictor for measuring attitude towards reading. The amount of reading both at the beginning of the assessment and at the end of the 4 stages of the assessment was a significant predictor variable for reading motivation and attitude towards reading. In the end, this research found strong inter-individual differences in reading motivation and attitude towards reading at the beginning of the fourth grade (width from the origin) and during the 4 stages of measurement (slope) in students. The results of this research can have practical implications for teaching reading.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

reading motivation questionnaire, reliability
Validity, factor structure
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