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داوران سال 1398

داوران سال 1399

داوران سال 1400

داوران سال 1401

ساخت و اعتباریابی مقیاس احساس تعلق دانشجویان به دانشگاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی مشاوره و تربیتی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 استاد گروه روان‌شناسی مشاوره و تربیتی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی تربیتی و مشاوره، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

احساس تعلق به دانشگاه با جنبه‏های متعددی از سلامت روانی-اجتماعی دانشجویان ارتباط دارد. بااین‌حال در مفهوم‏سازی و سنجش این سازه، ابهامات زیادی وجود دارد. اندک ابزارهای طراحی‌شده در حیطه آموزش عالی نیز بیشتر میزان احساس تعلق را می‏سنجند و اندازه‏گیری مؤلفه‏های تعلق به دانشگاه در مطالعات قبلی کمتر موردتوجه قرار گرفته است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، ساخت و اعتباریابی مقیاس احساس تعلق دانشجویان به دانشگاه بود. در یک طرح همبستگی و از نوع ساخت ابزار، 345 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در مرحله اول و 477 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه بیرجند در مرحله دوم به روش نمونه‏گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. نتایج تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی در مرحله اول، چهار عامل با 72/49 درصد تبیین واریانس را نشان داد که شامل مؤلفه‏های تعامل با استادان، تعامل با همسالان، جو دانشگاه و عزت‌نفس بود. نتایج تحلیل عاملی تأییدی نشان داد که مدل چهار عاملی دارای برازش است و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ خرده‏مقیاس‏ها در دامنه 90/0-75/0 گزارش شد. به‌علاوه، تحلیل‏های دیگر شواهدی را برای حمایت از همسانی درونی، روایی همگرا و روایی واگرای مقیاس احساس تعلق فراهم کردند و مشخص شد که هرکدام از ابعاد این مقیاس با مقیاس‏های تعهد به دانشگاه، تنهایی اجتماعی-هیجانی، رضایت از زندگی، افسردگی و درگیری عاملی روابط معنادار داشت. بعلاوه، نتایج ضریب بازآزمایی خرده‏مقیاس‏ها در دامنه 74/0–64/0 قرار داشت. مطابق با یافته‏های پژوهش حاضر، مقیاس احساس تعلق دانشجویان به دانشگاه از ویژگی‏های روان‌سنجی مطلوبی برخوردار است و می‏توان از آن به‌عنوان ابزاری معتبر استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Development and Validation of the Students' Sense of Belonging to University Scale

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Samadieh 1
  • Hossein Kareshki 2
  • Seyed Amir Aminyazdi 3
  • Elahe Hejazi 4

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The sense of belonging to a university is intricately connected to various facets of their psycho-social well-being. Nonetheless, the conceptualization and measurement of this construct remain unclear. Existing instruments in higher education predominantly evaluate the general sense of belonging, while the assessment of specific components of belonging to a university has not been adequately addressed in prior research. This study was conducted to construct and validate the "Students' Sense of Belonging to University Scale (SSBUS)". Employing a correlational and instrument development framework, 345 students from Ferdowsi University of Mashhad were recruited for the initial phase, followed by 477 students from the University of Birjand in the subsequent phase, utilizing a convenient sampling technique. Exploratory factor analysis in the initial phase identified four factors accounting for 49.72% of the variance, encompassing interactions with faculty, peer relations, institutional atmosphere, and self-esteem. Confirmatory factor analysis affirmed the suitability of the four-factor model, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the sub-scales ranging between 0.75 and 0.90. Further analyses substantiated the internal consistency, as well as the convergent and divergent validity of the scale. Notably, each dimension of the scale demonstrated significant correlations with university commitment, social-emotional loneliness, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and agentic engagement. Moreover, the retest reliability coefficients for the sub-scales varied from 0.64 to 0.74. The findings suggest that the SSBUS possesses commendable psychometric properties, qualifying it as a reliable tool for academic use.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sense of belonging to a university
  • Validating
  • Students
  • Scale development
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فصلنامه اندازه گیری تربیتی
دوره 14، شماره 55
فروردین 1403
صفحه 38-71
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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