نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

ارزشیابیهای کلاسی بخش جداییناپذیر فرایند یادگیری زبان و ابزاری قدرتمند برای تصمیمگیری آگاهانه و صحیح است. با این حال، شناخت نسبتاً کمی درمورد چگونگی برخورد معلمان با این نوع مطالبات وجود دارد و مهمتر این که، چگونه چنین شیوههای ارزشیابی در تدریس روزانه آنها تأثیر میگذارد. این مقاله در نظر دارد تا سواد ارزشیابی معلمان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی و معیار ارزیابی آنها از روشهای ارزشیابی را بررسی کند. علاوه بر این، تأثیر پیشینۀ تحصیلی آنان در سطح سواد ارزشیابیشان مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتهاست. بدین منظور با استفاده از روش تحقیق پیمایشی (برای مطالعۀ هر گروه) و پس رویدادی (برای مقایسۀ گروهها) و با استفاده از یک پرسشنامۀ دوبخشی (برگرفته از پلیک ، 1993؛ پلیک، ایمپارا و فیگر ، 1993) در مورد سواد ارزشیابی، مقایسهای بین معلمان دارای مدرک تحصیلی زبان انگلیسی و گرایشهای مرتبط (آموزش زبان انگلیسی، ادبیات انگلیسی، مطالعات ترجمه، و زبانشناسی) در مقطع کارشناسی (تعداد، 22 نفر) و تحصیلات تکمیلی (کارشناسی ارشد و دکتری، تعداد 10 نفر) که از طریق نمونهگیری هدفمند انتخاب شدهبودند، انجام شد. یافتهها نشان میدهد تفاوت معناداری در سطح سواد ارزشیابی زبان معلمان با توجه به پیشینۀ تحصیلی آنها وجود دارد. بهخصوص، نتایج نشان میدهند معلمان مقاطع تحصیلات تکمیلی از سواد ارزشیابی زبان بالاتری نسبت به معلمان مقطع کارشناسی برخوردار هستند که نشاندهندۀ تأثیر سطح و پیشینۀ تحصیلات معلمان است. در نتیجه، این تحقیق بر اهمیت ارائۀ آموزش مناسب در ارتقاء سواد ارزشیابی برای تمامی معلمان زبان انگلیسی آینده تاٴکید میکند، نیاز به چنین دورههایی را بررسی مینماید، راههای باسوادشدن در حوزهٴ ارزشیابی زبان را به معلمان نشان میدهد و به ارائۀ روشهایی میپردازد که از طریق آن کارشناسان آزمونسازی و مربیان معلم میتوانند در رسیدن به این مهم کارگشا باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Examining Teachers’ Assessment Literacy in EFL Classrooms: The Effect of Educational Background

نویسنده [English]

  • Masoomeh Estaji

Associate Professor of Applied Linguistics, Allameh Tabataba'i University

چکیده [English]

Classroom assessment, as the complementary part of the language learning process, is a powerful decision-making instrument. Nonetheless, more research is required regarding the ways teachers cope with these requirements, and how they affect their pedagogical practices. This study is an attempt to examine EFL teachers’ perceptions of assessment literacy and the criteria they consider to assess their students. Moreover, it examines whether graduate and undergraduate teachers differ in terms of their assessment literacy. To this end, by using a survey and Ex-Post Facto research design and through a two-part questionnaire on assessment literacy (adapted from Plake, 1993; Plake, Impara, & Fager, 1993), a comparison was made between undergraduate (N=22) and graduate teachers (N=10) of English as a Foreign Language (EFL), English Literature, Translation studies, and Linguistics selected through purposive sampling on their perceptions of assessment literacy. The research results revealed a statistically significant difference between undergraduate and graduate teachers’ perceptions of assessment literacy. Results also showed that graduate teachers had higher perceptions of assessment literacy than their undergraduate counterparts, representing the effect of their level of education and educational background. Thus, this study highlights the significance of giving sufficient and proper training to all soon-to-be language teachers on language assessment, argues for the need, suggests ways by which teachers can become more literate in the domain of language assessment, and presents ways teacher educators and language testing experts can assist in this path.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • language assessment literacy
  • classroom assessment
  • educational background
  • teachers’ perceptions
  • EFL context
مهماندوست، زهره، علوی، سید محمد و کیوان پناه، شیوا. (۲۰۱۸). بررسی سواد سنجش و ارزشیابی مدرسان دانشگاهی زبان انگلیسی در ایران. پژوهش‌های زبان‌شناختی در زبان‌های خارجی، ۸(۲)، ۶۴۵-۶۶۳. https://dx.doi.org/10.22059/jflr.2018.245602.422
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