Mohammad Asl Mohammad Alizad; Hamid Taher Neshat doust; Hoshang Talebi; Ahmad Abedi
Abstract
The acquisition and promotion of Students' academic competence in the scholastic process is a desirable outcome for any educational system. Having a measure for accurately assessing students’ academic competence is very important. Therefore, the goal of this study was construction and validation ...
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The acquisition and promotion of Students' academic competence in the scholastic process is a desirable outcome for any educational system. Having a measure for accurately assessing students’ academic competence is very important. Therefore, the goal of this study was construction and validation of the academic competency questionnaire and identification of its dimensions and components. The population of interest includes all male and female first year high school students in Tabriz. A sample of 660 students participated in the study through multi-stage cluster sampling method. The initial instrument was developed based on the Model of Academic Competence and Motivation (McGrew, 2013). Validity of the instrument was determined by utilizing the Content Validity Ratio (CVR), exploratory factor analysis and concurrent correlation with the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). The results of exploratory factor analysis affirmed 5 significant factors for the “orientation towards self” subscale, 6 factors for the “orientation towards learning” subscale and 8 factors for the “orientation towards others” subscale. The goodness-of-fit indicators obtained from the second-order confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed this structure including three main subscales, 19 factors and 109 items. In general, the research findings showed that this questionnaire has the necessary psychometric properties to assess the academic competence of high school students and can be used as a useful tool in this field.
Yaser Garavand; Mohammad Koohi; Elahe Seyed kaboli; ahmad alizadeh
Abstract
The present study was conducted with the aim of constructing and investigating the factor structure of students' research engagement questionnaire. The research method was survey and the statistical population includes all of the postgraduate students of humanities faculty (Literature and Humanities, ...
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The present study was conducted with the aim of constructing and investigating the factor structure of students' research engagement questionnaire. The research method was survey and the statistical population includes all of the postgraduate students of humanities faculty (Literature and Humanities, Islamic Theology and Science, Sport Sciences, Education and Psychology, Administrative and Economic Sciences) at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (N=3199). Using Cochran formula, the sample size was estimated to be 343 student. The participants were selected by stratified random sampling. The theoretical model Linnenbrink and Pintrich (2002) was determined as the basis of scale construction. This model includes three components of cognitive, emotional, and leadership engagement. SPSS and AMOS software are used for data analysis. Content validity and confirmatory factor analysis were used to determine the validity of the questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha coefficient to check the reliability. The results showed that the alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.89 and for cognitive (0.80), emotional (0.73) and behavioral (0.76). Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 8 experts of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (based on CVI) and inappropriate items were removed. Goodness indicators confirmed the fit of the model. According to the research results the research engagement questionnaire had good internal consistency and validity and this questionnaire can be used in research.
Arsalan Iraji rad
Abstract
Cognition and knowledge is growing rapidly, and the meaning of knowing from the ability to remember and repeat information has changed to the ability to find and use appropriate information. Thus, metacognitive competence has become an important competitive element in the learning process for individuals ...
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Cognition and knowledge is growing rapidly, and the meaning of knowing from the ability to remember and repeat information has changed to the ability to find and use appropriate information. Thus, metacognitive competence has become an important competitive element in the learning process for individuals in general and students and researchers in particular in the present age. It is therefore essential to have an accurate and efficient tool for measuring it. With this approach, the purpose of this study was to validate the Sherraw & Denison (1994) metacognitive awareness questionnaire including 52 items in 8 components. The statistical population of this study consisted of 50 faculty members and lecturers and more than 1750 graduates of the above mentioned centers. By submitting the questionnaire and receiving it, 302 complete and unadapted questionnaires were provided to the researcher. KMO test and Bartlett test were used to determine sampling adequacy. The above tests confirmed the suitability of sample number. In order to validate the above questionnaire, exploratory factor analysis was performed using SPSS 23 software. The results showed that six components of the eight components of the questionnaire including expression knowledge, procedural knowledge, situational knowledge, information management strategies, debugging and evaluation strategies were replicated without any changes as the creators presented. At the same time, the results showed that by combining the two planning variables and the perception checker, one single variable can be obtained that by examining the nature of common questions and concepts as "Planning and monitoring of learning", Named.
Somayeh Mohebi; Omid Shokri; ali khodaei
Abstract
The Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) is a globally recognized measure of stress coping methods. However, research into the applicability of the CISS-SF in an Iranian context is still in its infancy. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the ...
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The Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) is a globally recognized measure of stress coping methods. However, research into the applicability of the CISS-SF in an Iranian context is still in its infancy. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations-Short Form (CISS-SF, Endler & Parker, 1994) among Iranian university students. Three-hundred university students (150 male and 150 female) completed the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations-Short Form (CISS-SF), the Self-Esteem Scale (SES, Rosenberg, 1965) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS, Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988). The confirmatory factor analysis method and internal consistency were used to compute the CISS-SF's factorial validity and reliability, respectively. Also, in order to examine the construct validity of the CISS-SF, we computed correlations between different dimensions of CISS-SF with self-esteem and positive and negative affect. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis, based AMOS software, showed that three-factor structure of the task-oriented coping, emotion-oriented coping and avoidance-oriented coping in the Iranian sample had good fit with data. Correlational analyses between task-oriented coping and emotion-oriented coping as well as avoidance-oriented coping with self-esteem and positive and negative affect provided initial evidence for the ACS convergent validity. Internal consistency coefficients for the task-oriented coping, emotion-oriented coping and avoidance-oriented coping subscales were .78, .79 and .79, respectively. In sum, these findings provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the CISS-SF as an instrument to measure coping styles among Iranian university students.
Azam Rashidi; salar faramarzi; mahdi Rahmani Malekabad; marziyeh soltani
Abstract
The aim of this study was to construct and validate a learning disabilities' diagnostic checklist. According to the purpose of research, descriptive research method and test-making type have been used. The statistical population was primary school students (first and second grade) in Najaf Abad and the ...
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The aim of this study was to construct and validate a learning disabilities' diagnostic checklist. According to the purpose of research, descriptive research method and test-making type have been used. The statistical population was primary school students (first and second grade) in Najaf Abad and the statistical sample included 180 students who were selected by multi-stage random sampling. Validity of the scale was performed using factor analysis. To evaluate the scale's reliability were used Cronbach's alpha coefficients and splitting method. The results showed the reliability coefficient of the total diagnostic checklist and the reliability coefficient of 10 subscales are at an acceptable level. Also, the results of the construct validity of the 10 factors confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The correlation between the learning disabilities diagnostic checklist and the informal reading, writing and math test were calculated, which indicates the validity of the checklist criterion. Therefore, this checklist with 87 items of is worthy for evaluating 10 areas of spatial perception, organization, socio-emotional skills, motor skills, attention, language skills, reading skills, writing skills, essay writing, skills and mathematics in students. Therefore, it is suggested this checklist be used to assess and diagnose of learning disabilities in primary school students.
abedin darabi; jafar jahani
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to present a rhizomatic model and develop it to foster students' creativity. To achieve this goal, a combined approach and experimental nest model were used. To implement this plan, first some lessons from the common textbook of experimental sciences of the sixth grade were ...
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The purpose of this study is to present a rhizomatic model and develop it to foster students' creativity. To achieve this goal, a combined approach and experimental nest model were used. To implement this plan, first some lessons from the common textbook of experimental sciences of the sixth grade were organized using the rhizomatic education model, then this collection was reviewed and approved by experienced teachers. In the next stage, three girls' primary schools were selected from Kermanshah and one class was selected from each school (homogeneous schools with almost similar conditions). These three classes were named with reference class, method class and content method class, respectively. This project was implemented for 6 weeks and one session per week. The reference class was trained in the normal way. In the rhizomatic teaching method, the students learned the content of the common book, and in the method-content class, the students experienced the designed content with the rhizomatic teaching method. At the end of the course, all three classes took the Torrance Creativity Test and the Researcher Test. Quantitative findings were analyzed by analysis of covariance and the results showed that the implementation of rhizomatic educational model in different experimental groups fosters students' creativity. In the qualitative section, teachers' views on the development of creativity in the dimensions of fluidity, initiative, expansion and flexibility were examined. In other stages, quantitative and qualitative findings from teachers' opinions were compared and the positive effect of rhizomatic educational model on fostering creativity was confirmed.
Mahboubeh Chamanpira; Abbas khodayari; Habib Honari; Ali Mohammad Amirtash; Farideh Ashraf Ganjouei
Abstract
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to build and make validation of a measurement tool for employees’ sport participation motivations. This study used mixed method. In qualitative section, 30 questions were designed according to theoretical foundation and sport activities experts’ comments. ...
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Abstract: The purpose of this study was to build and make validation of a measurement tool for employees’ sport participation motivations. This study used mixed method. In qualitative section, 30 questions were designed according to theoretical foundation and sport activities experts’ comments. For checking the face validity, the questionnaires were distributed among 15 professional experts, then the questionnaires were reviewed by result of Lawshe formula, as a result 4 questions were omitted. Sampling method was stratified random sampling based on Structural equation among 9451 employees of public universities of Tehran. For getting structural validity, Structural equation and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used. Data were surveyed in SPSS and LISREL programs. With using exploratory factor analysis 26 questions were reduced to 22 questions. Final components were identified after varimax rotation. 4 components’ title and reliability coefficient were physical (0.86), mental (0.80), social and material (0.90), and fun and recreation (0.85). Questionnaire total reliability was calculated equal to (0.92) by Cronbach's alpha. The result of confirmatory factor analysis supported the fitness of 4 components.Eventually, the designed questionnaire can be used in organizations as an appropriate tool for measuring and evaluating employees’ sport participation motivations. Key words: sport participation, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis
Abolfazl Karami; Raana Karami; Ali Alipour
Abstract
Abstract:The aim of this study concerned with validating the fifth version of Wechsler Children’s Intelligence Test on Iranian children aged between 6 and 16 years old.According to the statistics of students studying in elementary school and junior high school, 1200 people were selected as a multi-stage ...
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Abstract:The aim of this study concerned with validating the fifth version of Wechsler Children’s Intelligence Test on Iranian children aged between 6 and 16 years old.According to the statistics of students studying in elementary school and junior high school, 1200 people were selected as a multi-stage cluster research model. Wechsler Children’s Intelligence Test 5th edition and Wechsler Children’s Intelligence Test 4th edition, were the measuring instruments. The reliability of subtests, intelligence quotient and indexes were performed using three following methods: bisection, Cronbach’s alpha, and retesting.To calculate and analyze the test validity, the criterion method was simultaneously performed on 240 people with the correlation of indexes and Wechsler 5 intelligence with Wechsler IV; and structural validity through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. To analyze and operation of all subtests, the difficulty coefficient and discriminative coefficient were calculated. The results of the findings of the all three methods used for reliability showed that this test is highly validated in Iran, and the results were consistent with the results of the same test compare in the United States. The difficulty and discriminative coefficient of the questions were appropriate in Iran. Due to the up-to-date and high psychometric properties of this test in Iran and obsolescence of previous versions, it is recommended to use this test to evaluate children aged between 6 and 16 years old in Iran. Keywords: Intelligence, Reliability, Validity, Wechsler Intelligence Test for Children 5th edition and Iranian Elementary and Junior High School Students 6 to 16 years old
Aydin Motamedin; Seyyed Davoud Hosseininasab; Marzieh Alivandie Vafa
Abstract
The aim of this study was to conduct a test for diagnosis of behavioral problems in male and female, elementary school students in Tabriz and to investigate its validity and reliability. The research method is descriptive of correlation type. The statistical population consisted of all male and female ...
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The aim of this study was to conduct a test for diagnosis of behavioral problems in male and female, elementary school students in Tabriz and to investigate its validity and reliability. The research method is descriptive of correlation type. The statistical population consisted of all male and female elementary school students who were studying during academic year 2019-2020. A total of 1374 elementary school male and female students were selected as sample members by available sampling method, then mothers of the same students answered the questions of children's behavioral problems diagnosis test and finally the test was constructed based on DSM-5 criteria using factor analysis method. The results of exploratory factor analysis introduced principal component analysis with independent varimax rotation of seven factors, respectively, with the titles of conduct problem, mere hyperactivity, mere attention deficit, academic learning, separation anxiety, oppositional defiance, and social communication, which together explained 32.30% of the total variance of variables. All seven factors and the whole questionnaire had appropriate validity. In addition to face and content validity, the Eigen value method was used more than 1 and the results showed that both the seven factors and the whole test had good validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.61 to 0.79 for the reliability of the seven test factors and for the whole test (α=0.90). The mean prevalence of behavioral problems in children in the sample group was 10.4% in the seven obtained factors. Due to the desirable behavioral characteristics of children's behavioral problems diagnosis test, this test can be used to diagnose the seven problems obtained for screen, prevention or treatment in clinical or research work.
Fatemeh zadehmohamadi; Ali Fathi-Ashtiani
Abstract
Academic environments are characterized by high levels of emotion. In an emotion-driven environment where emotions are related to other factors affecting academic performance, emotion regulation is essential. Therefore, it is essential to develop an instrument to evaluate emotion regulation strategies ...
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Academic environments are characterized by high levels of emotion. In an emotion-driven environment where emotions are related to other factors affecting academic performance, emotion regulation is essential. Therefore, it is essential to develop an instrument to evaluate emotion regulation strategies for students to employ in academic environment; hence, this study aims to analyze the psychometric features and factor structure of Persian version of Academic Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (AERQ) to evaluate emotion regulation strategies of university students. This study was descriptive and correlational studies. The research method was descriptive of correlation type. The statistical population consisted of all university students of Tehran universities. A total of 250 university students were selected as sample members by available sampling method. The Academic Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Burić et al., 2016) was implemented along with the Achievement Goal Questionnaire-Revised (Elliot & Murayama, 2008). After excluding incomplete questionnaires and outliers 219 questionnaires remained. The questionnaire reliability was measured through Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency and the retest method. The confirmatory factor analysis and criterion validity were employed to analyze the questionnaire validity and standard scores for each range of scores were reported. All eight components of the original version were confirmed in the factor analysis. In the criterion validity, the variance explained by AERQ components was significant. Consisting of 37 items and 8 components, the Persian version of the AERQ has acceptable reliability and validity and can be utilized for research purposes.
Gholamhossein Biabani; Mojtaba Sotoudeh gondoshmeyan
Abstract
دوره آموزشی همیار پلیس دوره ای است که از سوی پلیس راهنمایی و رانندگی و با همکاری وزارت آموزش و پرورش کشور با هدف ارتقاء دانش ایمنی در رانندگی و آشنایی با قوانین راهنمایی ...
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دوره آموزشی همیار پلیس دوره ای است که از سوی پلیس راهنمایی و رانندگی و با همکاری وزارت آموزش و پرورش کشور با هدف ارتقاء دانش ایمنی در رانندگی و آشنایی با قوانین راهنمایی و رانندگی کودکان مدارس ابتدایی و راهنمایی اجراء میشود. هدف از این مطالعه، ارزیابی طرح همیار پلیس در ارتقای دانش ایمنی در رانندگی و آشنایی با قوانین راهنمایی و رانندگی دانش آموزان مدارس ابتدایی شهر تهران میباشد. تحقیق حاضر از نوع تحقیقات آزمایشی و از لحاظ هدف کاربردی به شمار می رود. تمامی دانش آموزان مقطع ابتدایی شهر تهران جامعه آماری این مطالعه را تشکیل دادند که از میان آنها نمونه ای به تعداد 1325 نفر از دانش آموزان آموزش دیده و آموزش ندیده (گروه کنترل) با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری کاملاً تصادفی نسبی، انتخاب گردید. این مطالعه در دو فاز انجام پذیرفت. فاز اول با استفاده از ابزار مشاهده و با هدف تبیین وضعیت کلی آموزشها و بررسی محتوای آموزشی انجام پذیرفت. در فاز دوم مطالعه با استفاده از پرسشنامه ای محقق ساخت بر مبنای محتوای آموزشی دوره، دانش ایمنی در رانندگی و آشنایی با قوانین راهنمایی و رانندگی دانش آموزان بررسی گردید. داده های فاز دوم بوسیله نرم افزار SPSS V20مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بین میانگین دانش ایمنی در رانندگی و آشنایی با قوانین راهنمایی و رانندگی گروه کنترل و گروه آموزش دیده، تفاوت آماری معنی دار وجود دارد. نتایج آزمون کای اسکوئر نیز رابطه میان سطوح دانش ایمنی در رانندگی و آشنایی با قوانین راهنمایی و رانندگی و گروههای آزمایشی را تأیید نمود، که گویای موفقیت بالای دوره آموزشی بر ارتقاء سطح دانش ایمنی در رانندگی و آشنایی با قوانین راهنمایی و رانندگی دانش آموزان دبستانی می باشد.
kamran sheivandi
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the psychometric properties of the Sense of agency Questionnaire in virtual education. The statistical population included all students of the University of Isfahan in 2020-2021 (16,500 people). Based on Cochran's formula, a sample of 367 people was selected ...
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The present study was conducted to investigate the psychometric properties of the Sense of agency Questionnaire in virtual education. The statistical population included all students of the University of Isfahan in 2020-2021 (16,500 people). Based on Cochran's formula, a sample of 367 people was selected based on a multi-stage random method. Data collection tools included Tapal et al.'s sense of agency (2017) and Diener and Biswas flourishing (2008) questionnaire. Pearson correlation coeficient and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analysis of the data. Reliability of the questionnaire based on Cronbach's alpha for the total scale and its dimensions was confirmed. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed based on the views of psychologists and its criterion validity was confirmed based on a positive correlation with flourishing. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that all questions of the sense of agency questionnaire had a proper and significant factor and consists of two factors: positive sense and negative sense of agency. Fitness indicators showed that the measurement model of the sense of agency questionnaire has a good fitness. The results showed that the Tapal et al sense of agency (2017) questionnaire, by measuring both positive and negative dimensions, is a valid tool for determining the extent to which individuals have this empowering feature.
akram azimi; یزدخواستی yazdkhasti; amrollah ebrahimi; mohammadreza maracy
Abstract
Nowadays, flexibility is the subject of special attention in the field of mental health and the scope of related research is increasing every day. The purpose of the present study was to construct and investigate the psychometric properties and factor structure of the adolescents' psychological flexibility ...
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Nowadays, flexibility is the subject of special attention in the field of mental health and the scope of related research is increasing every day. The purpose of the present study was to construct and investigate the psychometric properties and factor structure of the adolescents' psychological flexibility scale. Four-hundred-sixty students were selected from six schools from the eighth and ninth grades (with emphasis on the ninth grade) by the multistage sampling method from six schools in Isfahan city. The instruments were Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). In factor analysis, the three factors of commitment, lack of perfectionism, and openness to experience were effective in forming themental flexibility variable. The obtained results showed that the present scale is a tool that has appropriate reliability (stability, internal consistency) and validity for measuring psychological flexibility. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses in this study confirmed the appropriate construct validity of this scale.
Fatemeh Gholipour; Zahra Tabibi; Hossein Kareshki
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the PERMA-profiler in students. The research is descriptive correlational and applied. The statistical population of the study was university students of different educational levels with Internet access in academic ...
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The present study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the PERMA-profiler in students. The research is descriptive correlational and applied. The statistical population of the study was university students of different educational levels with Internet access in academic year of 2019-2020, the sample size was 568 (385 females, 183 males) and the sampling method was convenience sampling. The research instruments were PERMA-profiler, Ryff's Scales of Psychological Well-being (RSPWB-18), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21). First, the questionnaire was translated and its content and face validity were examined. Data was collected by an online questionnaire. Construct validity was assessed by CFA and the 5-factor structure of the questionnaire was confirmed. The correlation of the questionnaire with RSPWB-18, SWLS, and DASS-21, indicated the appropriate convergent and divergent validity of the construct. The internal consistency of the instrument with Cronbach's alpha and Guttmann coefficients was evaluated suitable for the subscales and the total score (0.66 to 0.95), and the test-retest with high coefficients (0.74 to 0.86) showed the stability of the instrument. Finally, based on the results of this study, PERMA-profiler has good validity and reliability for use in the student community.
Mahdi Akbari; habib alah naderi; Jalil Fathabadi; Omid Shokri
Abstract
The purpose of this article was to investigate the effect of important variables of antecedent and postpositional approach to study students. The proposed model was implemented on undergraduate students of three universities of Iran, Shahid Beheshti University , University of Tehran, University of Science ...
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The purpose of this article was to investigate the effect of important variables of antecedent and postpositional approach to study students. The proposed model was implemented on undergraduate students of three universities of Iran, Shahid Beheshti University , University of Tehran, University of Science and Technology. 692 undergraduate students from three universities were selected by relative stratified sampling. In order to collect data from Basic psychological Needs scales (BPN) by Deci & Ryan (2000), Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure) DREEM ( by Dundee (2000), Academically Motivation Questionnaire (AM) by Harter (1981), Approaches to Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) by Tait & Entwistle (1979), The Academic Success Inventory for College Student(ASICS) by Prevat et al .(2002), academic satisfaction of Turkzadeh and Mohtaram (2012) and Generic Skills Development (GSD) By Lizzio et al. (2002) have been used. The reliability of Cronbach's alpha of the instruments was obtained between 0.72 to0.93 and the construct validity of the instruments was evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis. Findings showed that the proposed research model was able to explain about 32% of the surface approach to study, 6% of the variance of the deep approach to study and 26% of the variable variance of students' learning outcomes. The results showed that the basic psychological needs and academic environment encourage students to use more of a surface approach to study and less of deep approach to study. .
masoomeh parvaneh; jalal dehghanizade; soheila shahbazi
Abstract
Research has shown that mental energy is an important factor in many domains, including athletic performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Sports Mental Energy Questionnaire. The research method was applied and tool development. ...
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Research has shown that mental energy is an important factor in many domains, including athletic performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Sports Mental Energy Questionnaire. The research method was applied and tool development. The study population includedall male and female athletes in Urmia city in different sports; From this population, based on Morgan sample size determination table, 283 athletes were selected by available sampling method. The athletic mental energy questionnaire Lu et al (2018) was used as a research tool. The questionnaire was presented to the athletes after translation into Persian and approval by three experts and then analyzed. To evaluate the construct validity and determine the factor structure of the questionnaire, confirmatory factor analysis based on structural equation modeling was used and the reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the six-factor model, the three-factor of the affective components (vigor, tireless, and calm) of AME and and the two-factor of the cognitive components (confidence and concentration) of AME) as well as motivation has a acceptable goodness of fit with the data in the sample of athletes. Cronbach's alpha results above 0.70 for all factors also indicate the appropriate reliability of the Athletic Mental Energy Questionnaire. The findings suggest that this measurement tool with good validity and reliability can be used to assess the athletic mental energy in Iranian athletes
saeid safania; sina kheradyar; keyhan azadi
Abstract
Current study has been performed with the aim of normativeization and Investigation of factor structure of a researcher-made questionnaire on financial managers' performance. This study, uses descriptive-survey method. Statistical population was considered in qualitative and quantitative parts. In qualitative ...
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Current study has been performed with the aim of normativeization and Investigation of factor structure of a researcher-made questionnaire on financial managers' performance. This study, uses descriptive-survey method. Statistical population was considered in qualitative and quantitative parts. In qualitative part, research population included clear-sighted experts, financial managers with more than 15-year records of service, university professors with practical and scientific activity in this field and financial managers with practical experiences and postgraduate education including MSc and PhD; and in quantitative part, the research population included financial managers and accounting chairmen of 655 companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange that 530 individuals were selected as sample and questionnaire was sent to them electronically (by email). Data were analyzed by using measurement classic theory and question-answer theory and through SpSS25, Lisrel 8.7, Jmetrik and multolog7 software. Results of research indicated that by eliminating two questions in factor analysis part, 76 questions had factorial load on one factor. Also, processing questions through question-answer theory demonstrated that 19 questions had low awareness and by eliminating them, stability increased and results of considering and comparing correlation of short form with main form, indicated high correlation of two forms, and reconsideration of short form for investigating construct validity, approved one-factor structure of questionnaire.
Hamid Barani; Seyede Parisa Salamat; Mahbubeh Fouladchang
Abstract
Introduction: Although different tools have been designed to measure mindfulness, none of these tools comprehensively examined the dimensions of mindfulness together. Moreover, they were related to a specific age group only. In response to this research gap, the Droutman et al.'s Mindfulness Scale (AAMS) ...
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Introduction: Although different tools have been designed to measure mindfulness, none of these tools comprehensively examined the dimensions of mindfulness together. Moreover, they were related to a specific age group only. In response to this research gap, the Droutman et al.'s Mindfulness Scale (AAMS) is designed with 19 items to measure four dimensions of mindfulness for both groups of adolescents and adults. The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Droutman et al.'s Mindfulness Scale in two groups of students. Methods: The present study, in the form of a psychometric study, sought to investigate the validity and reliability of the Droutman et al.'s Mindfulness Scale. The study participants were 525 people (220 university students and 305 school students) who were studying in 1397-98 academic year and completed Droutman et al.'s Mindfulness Scale, Gilbert et al.'s Social safeness and pleasure scale, Keyes & Magyar-Moe Emotional well –being scale, and Kraaij & Garnefski behavioral emotion regulation questionnaire. The Data were analyzed using correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the four factors of attention and awareness, being non- reactive, being non-judgmental and being self- accepting. The results of correlation with other tests also confirmed the convergent validity of the scale. The Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine the reliability of the scale, with all coefficients indicating an acceptable internal consistency of the subscales and the total score of the scale. Conclusion: The results show that the Droutman et al.'s mindfulness scale has a very good validity and reliability in Iranian university and school students, and It is effective in measuring mindfulness in the four dimensions mentioned. The results are based on research and theoretical evidence.
Hassan Moshtaghian Abarghouei; Mohammad Reza Flasafi Nejad; Noor Ali Farrokhi
Abstract
Identifying distractors as sources of Differential Item Functioning(DIF) in polytomous items has great importance to designers and analysts. Although DIF is one of the common methods for examining the measurement invariance, It is accompanied by challenges and limitations, especially in multiple-choice ...
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Identifying distractors as sources of Differential Item Functioning(DIF) in polytomous items has great importance to designers and analysts. Although DIF is one of the common methods for examining the measurement invariance, It is accompanied by challenges and limitations, especially in multiple-choice items. The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of the Nested logit Model(NLM) for detecting Differential Distractor Functioning(DDF) by using experimental (simulated data) and descriptive-analytical (real data) methods. Six items were simulated under different conditions of difficulty and slope, ability distribution, presence or absence of DIF/DDF, and DIF/DDF magnitude, with a sample size of 2000 and 50 replicates. The data of the Math Entrance Exam (D-form,2018), with a random sample of 2000 men and women constituted the real data. Based on the results of the simulation analysis: The NLM revealed 88% of DIF and 97% of DDF, on average. the Type I error rates is very close to the theoretically expected values, although it showed some inflation in unequal distribution conditions. according to the findings, the detection rate was influenced by the item parameters(difficulty and slope) and the DIF or DDF levels. Based on real data analysis, 2 items represented both DIF(Large and Medium) and DDF (Partial to Moderate) simultaneously, whereas in the NRM approach, 11 items detected as DIF/DDF; so, as expected the approaches based on “divided by distractor” strategy, fewer items were detected as DIF/DDF. The NLM while separating the DDF from the DIF test, allows for a clear evaluation of whether the distractor may be responsible for DIF. Since high-stakes tests have a special role in selection and DIF and DDF analyzes have a special place in determining the validity and measurement invariance of these exam items, it is recommended to screen the bias items, DIF/DDF comprehensive analyzes based on NLM be used.
Seyedeh Asma Hosseini; hannane mohammadi; Zeinab Saadat
Abstract
Resilience as a process of positive adjustment in front of significant sources of stress, has some types. One of the types that has recently been considered is cognitive resilience. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Cognitive ...
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Resilience as a process of positive adjustment in front of significant sources of stress, has some types. One of the types that has recently been considered is cognitive resilience. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Cognitive Resilience Scale (CRS) in a sample of Iranian society. First, the translation and re-translation of the English version of CRS was done and the Persian version of it was prepared. A total of 300 Iranian subjects completed the CRS, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The results showed that the content validity of the CRS was reviewed and confirmed based on the opinions of 10 psychologists. Evaluation of psychometric properties of CRS questionnaire using confirmatory and explanatory factor analysis method showed that the questionnaire has appropriate psychometric properties. Convergent validity was examined by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient of CRS with CFI and CD-RISC, and indicated a significant positive correlation between them. Reliability was also obtained by Cronbach's alpha and retest. The Persian form of CRS in the Iranian sample has sufficient validity and reliability.
kuroosh mohammadi; ahmad borjali; jafar Samari safa; zeunab ershad
Abstract
Diagnosing and assessing of Social Media Disorder is a critical and difficult process in mental health of teens because this phenomenon has numerous negative behavioral and psychological consequences on teens. The aim of present study was to investigate psychometric properties of Social Media Disorder ...
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Diagnosing and assessing of Social Media Disorder is a critical and difficult process in mental health of teens because this phenomenon has numerous negative behavioral and psychological consequences on teens. The aim of present study was to investigate psychometric properties of Social Media Disorder in Iranian teens.This research was a cross-sectional descriptive study. In this study, 550 teenagers in Tehran were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data was collected using, distress questionnaire (DASS-21), self-esteem and Internet addiction questionnaire . Confirmatory factor analysis in principal component method was used for data analysis. The results showed that Social Media Disorder inventor has sufficiently reliability and validity. Also, factor analysis showed that 26 items and 9 factors were best question for assessing psychological maltreatment. Thus, considering that Social Media Disorder inventor is an appropriate instrument for assessing and measuring Social Media Disorder during childhood,using this inventory is recommended for epidemiological research on Social Media Disorder during childhood and clinical screening
Saeed Akbari-Zardkhaneh; Parvin Salehzadeh; Alimohammad Zanganeh; Nader Mansurkiaie; Mohammad Mostafavie; Mohsen Jallalat-Danesh; Einollah Teimorie; Siyamak Tahmasebi
Abstract
Due to the importance of identifying changes in students' mental health and the need for screening using accurate and valid tools appropriate to the ecological characteristics of Iranian society, the researchers decided to develop a short-scale electronic version of psychological health problems - teacher ...
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Due to the importance of identifying changes in students' mental health and the need for screening using accurate and valid tools appropriate to the ecological characteristics of Iranian society, the researchers decided to develop a short-scale electronic version of psychological health problems - teacher form for junior high school students. The statistical population of this study consists of junior high school students in 31 provinces of the country. In each province, two cities were selected by purposive sampling method and in each city, two schools were selected by simple random method and all junior high school students entered the sample group The sample consisted of 11,484 students (6,403 girls and 5,081 boys). Item analysis indicated appropriate psychometric properties for most items. The results of confirmatory factor analysis also showed that the eight-component model with forty items based on experts' views shows the best fit with the data. The standard path coefficients of the items were obtained between 0.34 and 0.87, which indicates the appropriate divergent validity and also the average variance extracted (between 0.46 and 0.73) of the items also indicates their convergent validity. The validity of the subscales was also optimally obtained based on the combined validity coefficient (between 0.83 and 0.93) and Cronbach's alpha (between 0.80 and 0.93). In other words, the short scale has the necessary internal coherence. The correlation between the components and with the total score was in the acceptable range. Comparing the factor structure of the girl and boy groups indicates a suitable and equivalent fit for both groups. Therefore, it can be concluded that psychometric properties indicate the appropriateness of the short form of the Mental Health Questionnaire for use in the screening process in the first grade high school students in Iran.
alireza khoshgooyanfard; Mohammadreza Falsafinejad; noorali farrokhi
Abstract
Nonresponse is an inevitable challenge to large-scale studies and can result in wasting money, time and human resource involved in data collection and can also prevent the studies from obtaining their objects especially scores distribution. Imputation methods have thus been invented to estimate item ...
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Nonresponse is an inevitable challenge to large-scale studies and can result in wasting money, time and human resource involved in data collection and can also prevent the studies from obtaining their objects especially scores distribution. Imputation methods have thus been invented to estimate item nonresponses in order to make inference from a completed data set. Using a simulation study on a real data set in the form of a multivariate experimental design, this paper evaluates the accuracy of three models including cumulative logit model, graded response model and explanatory item response model. The results show that the imputed values of all three models are acceptable under random nonresponse mechanism although the imputed values of the explanatory item response model are always more accurate than those of the other models. If nonrandom nonresponses are occurred, explanatory item response model has acceptable imputed values only at 5% nonresponse rate and the other models are not accurate at all. The results also show that it is more accurate to impute individual item nonresponses and then compute the total score instead of directly imputing the total score.
Somayeh Mahdavi; Mehran Azadi
Abstract
The aim of this study was to standardize and determine the psychometric properties (validity and reliability) of the Yang Early Schematic Questionnaire (Third Edition Short Form, 2005) in the student community of Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch in the academic year 2019-2020. 511male and ...
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The aim of this study was to standardize and determine the psychometric properties (validity and reliability) of the Yang Early Schematic Questionnaire (Third Edition Short Form, 2005) in the student community of Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch in the academic year 2019-2020. 511male and female students of the Islamic azad University,Tehran -South Branch, who were members of virtual network( male 170 and female 341), formed the statistical population of this study. Yang answered 90 questionnaire from Yangs early maladaptive schemes. The validity of the questionnaire was determined by internalconsistency medthod construct validity was confirmed by confirmed factor analysis and the norm of the questionnaire was determined by using soft percentage.0/70. Also according to the presented results, it can be said that the maladaptive schemas questionnaire (third edition), ( with the omission of question 11, 90, 69, 67, 48, 22, 15) had sufficient validity of in struments in the study population and the questionnaire is modifled. As a result, by removing some items, the questionnaire had sufficent validity (above 0.30). The distribution of the percentage scores obtained in the areas of exclusion, heterogeneity, deafness, and disturbed boundaries is reasonably normal, but in the areas of self-government there is skewness to the right.Keywords: Primary maladaptive schemas, Young Schematic Questionnaire, Normativeness ,Confirmatory Factor Analysis
alireza emami; mohammadreza rabiei; alireza eslambulchi; majid shams
Abstract
Strategic thinking of the sustainable earnings policy makers and their personality types play important roles in identifying problems, conceptualizing the reality, visualizing anticipated strategies, and contingently managing revenue sources during the policy formulation process. In this research, using ...
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Strategic thinking of the sustainable earnings policy makers and their personality types play important roles in identifying problems, conceptualizing the reality, visualizing anticipated strategies, and contingently managing revenue sources during the policy formulation process. In this research, using Morgan's conceptual model, the researcher also presents a standard questionnaire for 57 nominal experts, formulating a sustainable income policy for middle municipalities, including MPs, government members, Guardian Council members, judges of the Bureau of Administrative Justice, and members. Islamic Council, Mid-City Mayors, Nominee Experts' opinions. It examines strategic thinking of Middle Municipalities' Sustainable Revenue Policy with the Good Governance Approach in four main subjects: Systemic thinking, conceptual thinking, futurism, intelligent opportunity, and 29 subcategories. The research method is descriptive-survey, and the results are analyzed by Friedman and paired t-test. The results show that despite the strategic thinking of the sustainable municipal revenue policy makers and the contingent management of the short-term medium-term program planners (annual and five-year budget laws), there is a significant gap between the current sustainable municipal income status and the optimal situation. There is a steady revenue stream of mid-level municipalities with good governance approaches that ignore futurism, conceptual thinking in understanding problems, systemic thinking in conceptualizing reality, and lack of clever opportunism, creativity, innovation, and embodied policies. Pre-execution and consequently lack of providing services to citizens as stakeholders is desirable.
