Elaheh Hejazi; Zahra Naghsh; Meysam Shirazifard
Volume 4, Issue 15 , April 2014, , Pages 107-126
Abstract
Background: ‘Differentiation of self’ is an important factor for a person to cope with stressors and improve mental health. Therefore, it is necessary to provide appropriate instruments to assess this construct. Objectives: The present research aims to study the psychometric properties of ...
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Background: ‘Differentiation of self’ is an important factor for a person to cope with stressors and improve mental health. Therefore, it is necessary to provide appropriate instruments to assess this construct. Objectives: The present research aims to study the psychometric properties of the Differentiation of Self Inventory - Short Form as an appropriate instrument for assessing differentiation of self in the Iranian society. Method: After translation and adaptation of the questionnaire, 384 undergraduate students at Shiraz University who were selected using random multi-stage sampling method, responded to it. The instruments used in this study consisted of Differentiation of Self Inventory-Short Form (DSI-SF) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Results: The results of factor analysis showed that the structure of this questionnaire clearly referred to the four factors of differentiation including fusion with others, emotional cut-off, emotional reactivity, and I-position. Face validity was confirmed by experts, and correlation coefficient of each component with the total score was significant. Moreover, the significant negative correlation between DSI-SF scores and somatic symptoms, anxiety/insomnia, social dysfunction, and depression scores was indicative of concurrent criterion validity. For the validity of scale, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was desirable. Conclusion: The results of showed that the validity and reliability of DSI-SH is qualified for assessing the differentiation of self, and that it can be used as a useful instrument for assessing the differentiation of self in the Iranian society.The role ofculture was also discussed in this study.
Gholamreza Rajabi
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 25-42
Abstract
Background:Heller defined familism as a specific from of social organization where the interests of the family group prevail over those of the individual family members.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the reliability and construct validity of Familism Scale in undergraduate ...
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Background:Heller defined familism as a specific from of social organization where the interests of the family group prevail over those of the individual family members.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the reliability and construct validity of Familism Scale in undergraduate students of Ahvaz Teacher Training Centers.
Methods: 332 students (156 male and 176 female) of teacher training centers that were selected randomly using the multi-stage sampling method and completed Familism scale and 16 items of cohesion subscale of Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES-2).
Results: The factor analysis using the principal components analysis and orthogonal rotation (varimax) showed three factors (familial support, familial honor, and subjugation of self for family). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were for the whole scale 0.73, for extracted factors 0.55 to 0.82, and Concurrent validity coefficient of Familism scale with FACES-2 was 0.21 (P<0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis of three-factor model with one modification index provides a parsimonious fit.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the present scale is a valid and reliable measure for evaluating familism dimensions in students.
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 43-64
Abstract
Background: Implicit theory of intelligence is one of the newest socio-cognitive strategies proposed in scholastic motivation.
Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the validity and reliability of the 14-item implicit theory of intelligence scale (IT IS-14) (Abd-El-Fattah & Yates, ...
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Background: Implicit theory of intelligence is one of the newest socio-cognitive strategies proposed in scholastic motivation.
Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the validity and reliability of the 14-item implicit theory of intelligence scale (IT IS-14) (Abd-El-Fattah & Yates, 2006) in the Iranian student society. This instrument is used to measure the incremental and entity theories.
Method: The sample in this study includes 350 B.A. students in Ahvaz Islamic Azad University and Masjed Soleiman Islamic Azad University. The data analysis was carried out through the use of confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha and Pearson's correlation coefficients statistic methods.
Findings: The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the subscale of incremental theory and subscale of entity theory were calculated as 0.82 and 0.74 respectively. To estimate the criterion validity, Dupeyrat and Marine’s scale of implicit theories of intelligence were used, and the correlation coefficients for the subscales of incremental theory and entity theory were calculated at two scales which were significant at the level of 0.001. To calculate the construct validity, confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis were applied. The results indicated that the structure of implicit theory of intelligence scale was fit with the data and all indexes of fitness confirmed the model’s fitness. In addition, exploratory factor analysis leads to extract two factors of incremental and entity theories of intelligence.
Conclusion: Given the calculated psychometric properties, researchers can apply this scale applied to investigate implicit theories of intelligence (beliefs about intelligence) in the student society.
Jafar Hasani
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 111-146
Abstract
Background: emotion regulation is one of the major components in understanding emotional development, psychological health and psychopathology.
Goal: The aim of the present study was to prepare a Persian version of the emotion regulation process strategies questionnaire and to examine its reliability ...
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Background: emotion regulation is one of the major components in understanding emotional development, psychological health and psychopathology.
Goal: The aim of the present study was to prepare a Persian version of the emotion regulation process strategies questionnaire and to examine its reliability and validity.
Method: The Persian version of the emotion regulation process strategies questionnaire was prepared using double-translation technique and administrated to 349 students, 124 males and 2225 females, whose ages ranged from 18 to 32 years. The reliability of the Persian version of the emotion regulation process strategies questionnaire was assessed via internal consistency, item-rest correlations and test-retest methods as well as factor analysis, correlations between subscales and criterion validity was applied.
Results: Cronbach’s alpha’s range (0/57 to 0/94) showed that the Persian version of emotion regulation process strategies questionnaire and its subscales possessed good internal consistency. Item scores and the total score of the corresponding subscales correlated significantly (r =0/48 to r = 0/71) and the test-retest correlation values (0/51 to 0/77) suggested that the scale is stable. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis supported the seven factor model of Persian version of the process of emotion regulation questionnaire. The degree of intercorrelation among the subscales was moderately high to substantial (0/31 to 0/87). Finally, with respect to correlation coefficient model between Persian version of the emotion regulation process strategies questionnaire’s subscales and positive affect, negative affect and depressive symptoms indicated relevant criterion validity.
Conclusion: The Persian version of the emotion regulation process strategies questionnaire has relevant psychometric properties for Iranian population as well as to use in research and clinical situations.
Mohammad Ali Besharat
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 147-168
Abstract
Background: Preparing a valid instrument to measure the basic psychological needs in Iranian populations is necessary for research purposes.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine reliability, validity, and exploratory factor analysis of a Persian version of the Basic Needs Satisfaction in ...
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Background: Preparing a valid instrument to measure the basic psychological needs in Iranian populations is necessary for research purposes.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine reliability, validity, and exploratory factor analysis of a Persian version of the Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale (BNSG-S) in a sample of Iranian students.
Method: Five hundred and eighty four students (273 males, 311 females) were participated in this study, voluntarily. All participants were asked to complete the BNSG-S (Gagne, 2003), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RS; Eysenck, Eysenck, & Barrett, 1985), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), and the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-28; Besharat, 2009).
Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis supported a single general factor of basic needs satisfaction in general and a three factor structure including Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness. The convergent and discriminant validity of the BNSG-S were supported by an expected pattern of correlations between the scale and the measures of personality and mental health. All correlation coefficients between the mean scores on the BNSG-S and scores of the extraversion, neuroticism, positive affect, negative affect, psychological well-being, and psychological distress were statistically significant. Coefficient alpha estimates of internal reliability were between .83 and .91 for the BNSG-S subscales. Test-retest reliability of the BNSG-S was also calculated at the range of .67-.77. All correlations were statistically significant.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the BNSG-S can be considered as a reliable and valid scale to measure the basic needs satisfaction in Iranian samples.
jalil etemad; bahram jow kaar
Abstract
Background: The feeling of shame is one of the most important moral self- conscious emotions which play a major role in interpersonal relationships and social adjustment. Therefore, it seems essential to provide instruments to measure this structure. Purpose: The present paper aims to provide the necessary ...
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Background: The feeling of shame is one of the most important moral self- conscious emotions which play a major role in interpersonal relationships and social adjustment. Therefore, it seems essential to provide instruments to measure this structure. Purpose: The present paper aims to provide the necessary preliminaries in order to use Shame Scale designed by Rizvi (2009) among Iranian university students. Method: In order to assess the validity of the scale, first, it was made sure that the data were normally distributed. Then, factor analysis with original components and varimax rotation method was used to discover factor structure. The correlation between this scale and other valid scales of measuring self-conscious emotions of shame was used as convergent validity and its correlation with happiness scale was used as divergent validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was also used to measure the scale reliability through the method of the internal consistency of items. Participants in this study were 231 university students (female=134 & male= 97) of Shiraz University and Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Results: The results indicated that shame scale in Iranian population has a multiple-factor structure called ‘moral transgression' and ‘self-inadequacy’. The correlation between this scale and the self-conscious emotions scale indicated that Rizvi’s shame scale has a convergent validity. Moreover, the relation with happiness scale was used as the divergent validity index. The results were indicative of the fact that unlike two other components, moral transgression component did not have a significant relation with happiness. Furthermore, a comparison between boys’ and girls’ scores showed that females had higher scores in some components. Conclusion: In sum, results of this study confirmed convergent validity, divergent validity, and internal consistency of the scale suitable to be used in Iran. The shame scale being culture- dependent was discussed with regard to the results.
akbar rezai
Volume 3, Issue 12 , July 2013, , Pages 1-22
Abstract
Background: students experience different emotions in academic settings and these emotions highly affect their learning motivation performance andalso health. However the process of research on these areas is slow probably because of the lack of appropriate instruments. In response to this deficit pekrun ...
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Background: students experience different emotions in academic settings and these emotions highly affect their learning motivation performance andalso health. However the process of research on these areas is slow probably because of the lack of appropriate instruments. In response to this deficit pekrun et al developed a self report instrument to measure various achievement emotions that students commonly experience in academic settings. The instrument contains scales for measuring enjoyment hope pride anger relief anxiety shame hopelessness and boredom in class learning and test context. Conclusion: the results of the study indicated that the Persian version of the AEQ is a reliable and valid measuring instrument that can be used for the purposes of research and counseling.
azam farmani; abdol aziz aflak seyr
Volume 3, Issue 12 , July 2013, , Pages 71-86
Abstract
Background: reminiscence functions scale is the most valid measure of functions of reminiscence. Since validity and reliability of the RFS have not been investigated in the iranian context it is necessary to study the psychometric properties of this scale. Objective: the present paperaims to study the ...
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Background: reminiscence functions scale is the most valid measure of functions of reminiscence. Since validity and reliability of the RFS have not been investigated in the iranian context it is necessary to study the psychometric properties of this scale. Objective: the present paperaims to study the psychometric properties of the reminiscence functions scale amongthe students of shiraz university. Method: a sample of 247 students studying at shiraz university during the academic year 2011-2012 wasselected using random cluster sampling method. The participants filled the reminiscence functions scale. Results: the results of factor analysis yielded 7 factors. The results of internal consistency analysis showed that the instrument was of a good internal consistency. Conclusion: the results of the present study shows that the reminiscence functions scale is appropriately valid and reliablein iran and can be used in research works and therapeutic interventions.
ali delavar; mahmud najafi
Volume 3, Issue 12 , July 2013, , Pages 87-104
Abstract
background: researchers have suggested that the general self efficacy can substantially contribute to organizational theory research and practice. Therefore it is important to study the psychometric properties of schwarzer and jerusalems general self efficacy scaleamong staff of the state universities ...
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background: researchers have suggested that the general self efficacy can substantially contribute to organizational theory research and practice. Therefore it is important to study the psychometric properties of schwarzer and jerusalems general self efficacy scaleamong staff of the state universities in Tehran. Method: 400 employees who completedthe GSE scale were selected using multistage cluster sampling method. Results: the results of principle components analysis obviously supported the one factor structure of GSE. Conclusion: considering the results as well as the authentic history of research on the GSE scale at a global level it can be concluded that the GSE is an appropriate instrument to measure self efficacy of university staff that can be used in other researches.
hamide pakmehr; fatemah mirdrogi; ali ghanaei; morteza karami
Volume 3, Issue 11 , April 2013, , Pages 33-54
Abstract
Background: The importance of critical thinking disposition in educational system and curricula at levels prior to higher education is indicative of the need for a short-form tool to measure this construct.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability, validity and factor structure ...
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Background: The importance of critical thinking disposition in educational system and curricula at levels prior to higher education is indicative of the need for a short-form tool to measure this construct.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability, validity and factor structure of Ricketts' (2003) Critical Thinking Disposition Questionnaire among high school students.
Methods: In this descriptive-survey research, 472 high school students (270 girls and 202 boys) in Mashhad in the school year 2010-2011 were selected using multistage cluster sampling, who completed Critical Thinking Disposition Questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed using content validity, construct validity and factorial validity.The reliability of the questionnaire was examined by internal consistency and split-half method.
Findings: Cronbach's alpha coefficients were calculated for all scales and subscales for both genders and all subjects with regards to favorable psychometric properties. All correlations between subscales and total scale score were significant. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the items were good fit. Moreover, the result of split-half method showed that reliability coefficient of the test was satisfactory.
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the Persian version of the Critical Thinking Disposition Questionnaire has a good reliability and validity in Iranian society and is an appropriate instrument for assessing critical thinking disposition in high school students.
simin ronagi; ali delavar; mohamadali mazaheri
Volume 3, Issue 11 , April 2013, , Pages 77-99
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Considering the importance of studying the factors affecting organ transplantation in Iran, the present research aims at examining the factor structure, reliability and validity of the organ transplantation attitude scale.
Method: The method of research was descriptive survey. ...
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Abstract
Background: Considering the importance of studying the factors affecting organ transplantation in Iran, the present research aims at examining the factor structure, reliability and validity of the organ transplantation attitude scale.
Method: The method of research was descriptive survey. A sample of 210 students, who were selected using multistage cluster sampling, completed the questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed using content validity, construct validity and factorial validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was examined through Cronbach's alpha coefficient.
Findings: The pattern of correlation coefficients between the subscales indicated a good construct validity of the scale. The results of exploratory-confirmatory factor analysis were also indicative of good and acceptable fit of items. Moreover, the Cronbach's alpha coefficients for all subscales and total scale were desirable regarding psychometric properties, and reliability coefficient was also good.
Conclusion: Considering the results of the study, the scale constructed in the Iranian society can be said to have good validity and reliability. It can be used to assess the factors influencing organ transplantation in Iran.
reza morad sahrai; hanieh mamaghani
Volume 3, Issue 10 , January 2013, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
Validity and reliability are especially important in the process of test development. The English language test of the ministry of science research and technology is an English proficiency test that is conducted every two months by the student affairs department of the ministry of science research and ...
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Validity and reliability are especially important in the process of test development. The English language test of the ministry of science research and technology is an English proficiency test that is conducted every two months by the student affairs department of the ministry of science research and technology for the purpose of sending students to overseas. The aim of this research which is correlational and experimental is to assess the validity and reliability of the MSRT test. Construct validity was used to assess the validity and cronbach’s alpha was used to assess the internal reliability of the test.
mahmud najafi; gholamreza dehshiri; solmaz dabiri; mansureh sheykhi; nosrat jafari
Volume 3, Issue 10 , January 2013, , Pages 55-74
Abstract
Background: in recent years the number of researches in the field of positive psychology has increased. Therefore studying psychometric properties of the most widely used tools in this field like happiness is of a great importance. Objective: the present study aimed at exploring the psychometric properties ...
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Background: in recent years the number of researches in the field of positive psychology has increased. Therefore studying psychometric properties of the most widely used tools in this field like happiness is of a great importance. Objective: the present study aimed at exploring the psychometric properties of Persian version of the oxford happiness questionnaire among college students. Results: the results of the confirmative factor analysis indicated that the factorial structure of the questionnaire was one dimensional. Moreover the coefficient of convergence and divergence validity for questionnaire was high and acceptable.
mehdi arabzadeh; parvin kodivar
Volume 3, Issue 9 , October 2012, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
Academic delay of gratification predicts academic performance, motivation, self-regulation and self-efficacy in students. Due to the importance of academic delay of gratification in teaching-learning processes, there is a need for special tools proportional to the Iranian culture. The objective of this ...
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Academic delay of gratification predicts academic performance, motivation, self-regulation and self-efficacy in students. Due to the importance of academic delay of gratification in teaching-learning processes, there is a need for special tools proportional to the Iranian culture. The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of Persian form academic delay of gratification scale, including reliability, validity, and factor analysis. The population consisted of Iranian high school students from Karaj (N = 600, 326 boys and 274 girls) who were selected based on multistage cluster sampling. They were tested by academic delay of gratification scale and motivated strategies for learning questionnaire. Test- retest reliability academic delay of gratification scale based on the results of two performance tests and its internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha coefficients were calculated and confirmed. To analyze the concurrent validity and to determine the validity factor motivation strategy-learning questionnaire was used, which indicated that concurrent validity is adequate. In addition, results indicated that the separate confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for the male and female samples showed a goodness of fit with the data. The findings of factor analysis as well as the reliability and validity coefficients were similar to the previous studies conducted in the original culture. Regarding its good psychometric properties, the scale is an appropriate instrument to measure student's academic delay of gratification.
malihe sadat kazemi; soleh amiri; mokhtar malak pour; hoseyn molavi
Abstract
The British Picture Vocabulary Scale (BPVSJI) is one of the most applicable and common scales for measuring children’s language abilities. This scale is useful for educational, clinical and research uses.In this research the Persian and localized version of this scale is developed and corresponding ...
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The British Picture Vocabulary Scale (BPVSJI) is one of the most applicable and common scales for measuring children’s language abilities. This scale is useful for educational, clinical and research uses.In this research the Persian and localized version of this scale is developed and corresponding standardized, reliability and validity tests are done. 180 subjects were selected randomly from among 5. 7. 9 and 1 I years old children. Weehsier intelligence scale was used for measuring concurrent validity of the Persian version of British Picture Vocabulary Scale. The results are indicative of proper reliability, concurrent validity and diagnostic validity of the Persian version of British Picture Vocabulary Scale. Standardization results showed that the score distribution of 100 is at percentile rank of 50%. Examination of concurrent validity using Wechsler’s intelligence scale indicated the correlation 0.48 between verbal intelligence and vocabulary score. Also, examination of diagnostic validity indicated a significant difference between vocabulary scores of 5, 7, 9 and 11 years old children. Cronbach alpha was used for testing reliability. Cronbach alpha coefficient for 168 items of the Persian Version of British Picture Vocabulary Scale was calculated as 0.84. Based on these findings we can conclude that this vocabulary scale has proper psychometric characteristics for being applied by Persian-speaking children and individuals. Moreover, the larger variance seen in distribution of scores in this research in comparison to standardized samples studied in other countries probably indicates more class differences in the society considered in this research.
mahnaz ali akbari dehkordi; farhad shaghaghi; ali asghar kako juibari; mARYAM ZARE; zeynab shayghian; fatemeh amir abadi; faegheh khaleghi delavar; hoseynieh shahryari
Volume 2, Issue 8 , July 2012, , Pages 39-64
Abstract
The fact that childhood temperament is one of the most important determinants of adults' emotional and psychological disorders makes early assessment of difficult and problematic temperament necessary. Moreover, appropriate tools are needed to attain this objective. The present study seeks to evaluate ...
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The fact that childhood temperament is one of the most important determinants of adults' emotional and psychological disorders makes early assessment of difficult and problematic temperament necessary. Moreover, appropriate tools are needed to attain this objective. The present study seeks to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of ps-TCI in the Iranian preschoolers. A statistical sample of 200 children from five kindergartens in Shahriar was randomly selected through the process of cluster sampling, and their temperament and personality were tested by 18 kindergarten teachers using the Cloninger’s Preschool Temperament and Character Inventory. After fourteen days, the process was repeated, and its validity and reliability were assessed. The reliability was calculated by test-retest, spilt-half and Cronbach's alpha coefficient as 0.89, 0.75 and 0.82, respectively. The validity of the inventory was also investigated by convergent validity and exploratory factor analysis. The results from factor analysis and varimax rotation method yielded seven factors, including cooperativeness, harm- avoidance, novelty-seeking, reward-dependence, persistence, self- direction and self-transcendence which accounted for 59.19% of the total variance. The convergent validity was confirmed by computing a correlation coefficient between the subscales together and with total scale, which was significant between 0.62 and 0.71 (p<0.01). In conclusion, Cloninger’s preschool Temperament and Character Inventory generally proved to be a valid and reliable tool in evaluating the temperaments of the Iranian preschoolers.
akbar rezaee
Volume 2, Issue 7 , April 2012, , Pages 35-62
Abstract
Background: The Multidimensional Aptitude Battery (MAB) is a group intelligence test based on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale- Revised (WAIS-R). The MAB is designed for the assessment of a wide range of intellectual abilities of both adults and the16-year old or older adolescents. Objectives: The ...
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Background: The Multidimensional Aptitude Battery (MAB) is a group intelligence test based on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale- Revised (WAIS-R). The MAB is designed for the assessment of a wide range of intellectual abilities of both adults and the16-year old or older adolescents. Objectives: The purpose of the present research was to investigate the adaptation, normalization and the psychometric propertiesof the Persian version of the MAB among the Payame Noor Universitystudent population. Methods :First, the subtests were translated into Farsi. Then, some of the subtest items were adapted to the Iranian culture and were ready to be used. Finally, after the pilot study and resolving the errors, the final subtests were administered to a sample group consisting of 315 students of humanities and basic sciences in Payame Noor University of Tabriz.In this study, the mean and the standard deviation of the subtest raw scores were used to produce the standardized scores (with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10) and then the standardized score conversion chart was formulated. Results: The results of the internal consistency and test- retest reliability revealed that the MAB is adequately reliable. All the subtests had middle and high correlations with Raven’s Advanced Matrices’ intelligence test scores, which showed concurrent validity of these subtests. The correlation coefficients in the multidimensional aptitude subtests were in the range of 0.18 to 0.58. The correlation between the general information, vocabulary and picture completion subtest scores and age was positive and significant, but the correlation between digit symbol, spatial, picture arrangement and object assembly and age was negative and significant. The summary of the regression coefficient results showed that vocabulary subtests were the best predictor of the total score of verbal scale and the spatial subtests were the best predictor of the performance scales and the other subtests were of lower ranks. Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that the Persian version of the MAB is a reliable and valid measurement tool that can be used for academic and career counseling purposes, and basic researches.
naser yousefi
Volume 2, Issue 7 , April 2012, , Pages 91-120
Abstract
Background and Objectives:The main purpose of the present research was to validate the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS) among the married men and women who consult the counseling centers in the province of Sanandaj. Methods: The study adopted a correlative design (factor analysis via Tendentious ...
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Background and Objectives:The main purpose of the present research was to validate the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS) among the married men and women who consult the counseling centers in the province of Sanandaj. Methods: The study adopted a correlative design (factor analysis via Tendentious Oblimin Rotation Sort and confirmatory factor analysis). The study sample included 357 subjects who were randomly chosen during two phases (in the first phase, 283 subjects and in the second phase, 74 subjects) from among all the men and women clients in the counseling centers in Sanandaj. The participants completed the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS) and the Criterion Questionnaires, and then the data was analyzed using the factor analysis via Tendentious Oblimin Rotation Sort and confirmatory factor analysis.Results: The results obtained from the factor analysis via Tendentious Oblimin Rotation Sort indicated the seven factors of the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS), which later fitted the confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability coefficients of the internal consistency including Cronbach’s alpha and split-half were satisfactory for the 60 elements and seven factors (83% and 82% respectively). Furthermore, the discriminating and convergent validity coefficients of the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS) were examined by the measurement tools for Communication Patterns Questionnaire(CPQ), locus of control scale(LOCS),self-Differentiation of Self Inventory-2 (DSI-2) and the correlation results for the three criteria are respectively as follows: 46%, 36%, -41%, and -43% which are significant at (P<0001).Conclusion: The results of the factor analysis are consistent with previous findings and considering the validity and the reliability of the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS), it can be used in research and clinical environments for distinguishing the normal people from the abnormal ones.
Haidarali homan; kamran ganji; roya farajollahi
Volume 2, Issue 6 , January 2012, , Pages 1-29
Abstract
Background: The clock drawing test (CDT) is a neuropsychological test that has been used as a part of evaluation & screening of adults with cognitive impairments.
Objectives: The aim of this research was study of possibility, reliability, validity and norm finding of Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in ...
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Background: The clock drawing test (CDT) is a neuropsychological test that has been used as a part of evaluation & screening of adults with cognitive impairments.
Objectives: The aim of this research was study of possibility, reliability, validity and norm finding of Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in 392 elementary school children of Tehran city.
Methods: The samples were selected by random multi step cluster sampling method. Students with behavioral, emotional, mental and pervasive developmental disorders eliminated after performing teacher form of Children Symptom Inventory (CSI-4, Gadow and Sprafkin, 1994) and Raven Progressive Matrices (Raven et al, 1983). Then, test copy of reproduction memoir figures (Caffarra et al, 2002) and CDT (Cohen et al, 2000) accomplished by 392 participants.
Results: Data analysis showed that the reliability coefficient Cronbach’s Alpha was 0/765. None of the 8 criterion for numbering of CDT was not omitted. Furthermore, inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability were equal. /95 and. /90 respectively. The structure validity of CDT was study by main component analysis method. The amount of sampling sufficiency by KMO measure was. /716 and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity was meaningful, then the condition were suitable for performing factor analysis. The results of factor analysis with Promax rotation extracting 2 parameters include: 1- Clock construction, 2- Time conception, that explained about 63% of total variance. Also, the concurrent validity of CDT and test copy of reproduction memoir figures was very suitable.
Conclusion: The clock drawing test has a good reliability and validity for cognitive evaluation of children.
karim Sevari
Volume 2, Issue 5 , October 2011, , Pages 1-15
Abstract
Background: Academic procrastination has been an important debate in recent years, and many researchers see it as a bad habit (Chase, 2003) and also a behavioral problem that many adults experience it in their daily activities (Johansen and Carton, 1999). Objective: The main purpose of this research ...
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Background: Academic procrastination has been an important debate in recent years, and many researchers see it as a bad habit (Chase, 2003) and also a behavioral problem that many adults experience it in their daily activities (Johansen and Carton, 1999). Objective: The main purpose of this research was to examine the psychometric properties of academic procrastination test. Method: 247 (142 females and 105 males) students of Payame Noor University of Ahvaz were selected using randomly multi-stage cluster sampling method. Results: A factor analysis, using the principal components analysis (vaimax rotation) resulted in three factors that consisted of 61/11% of variance. Cronbach's Alpha reliability coeffients (internal consistency) were satisfactory for the whole scale was ./85 (first factor: 0/77 , second: 0/6 & third factor: 0/70. Factor analysis showed that constructed test combined from 3 factor (deliberating procrastination, Physical-mental causing procrastination, and procrastination causing without programming. Validity of this test obtained through relation between Tuckman (1991) questionnaire with constructed test (0/ 35). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the academic procrastination test has a good reliability and validity, and is a useful instrument to assess students' academic procrastination.
javad mesrabadi
Volume 2, Issue 5 , October 2011, , Pages 1-24
Abstract
Background: Concept maps usage expanding as an academic achievement measurement tools great a challenge in scoring them. This study introduces three scoring methods of the concept maps tests: (1) relational method that in which a relationship between concepts separately was scored. (2) structural method ...
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Background: Concept maps usage expanding as an academic achievement measurement tools great a challenge in scoring them. This study introduces three scoring methods of the concept maps tests: (1) relational method that in which a relationship between concepts separately was scored. (2) structural method that based on scores was given to hierarchical organization of the concepts. (3) similarity method that in which a student’s concept map compares with a teacher’s concept map and assign score for each section of the map. Objective: The objective of the present research was to examining the validity and reliability of concept map-based tests scoring methods. critical validity, interpreter reliability and discriminative reliability were used to identify the most appropriate method of scoring. Method: the subjects of the research comprised 105 high school students in Tabriz city who were present in four classes. Results: Results showed that the relational method of scoring has higher quantities of the indicators than other methods. Similarity scoring method has the lowest indices in comparison with two other methods. Conclusion: These findings may have some implications in evaluating students' academic achievement which will be discussed in this paper. .
parvaneh kadivar; zahra tanha; mehdi Arabzadeh
Volume 1, Issue 4 , July 2011, , Pages 73-88
Abstract
The The investigation of psychometric properties of epistemological belief scale in mathematics including reliability, validity and exploratory factor analysis was the purpose of this study. To achieve this end 464 university students (149 famales and 315 males), were selected through cluster rom sampling. ...
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The The investigation of psychometric properties of epistemological belief scale in mathematics including reliability, validity and exploratory factor analysis was the purpose of this study. To achieve this end 464 university students (149 famales and 315 males), were selected through cluster rom sampling. The exploratory factor analysis were investigated through principal component method, this analysis confirmed six factors ( difficult problems, steps, understanding, word problems, effort and usefulness).To reach the concurrent validity of the scale, Schommer epistemological beliefs scale and Kloosterman and stage scale were conducted. The results of the analysis were acceptable. Test- retest reliability and internal consistency of the cronbach scale through, alpha coefficients confirmed. The results of factor analysis, conducted in the main culture and previous validity- reliability coefficient were closed to the studies. A psychometric property, of this scale allows applying to mathematical epistemological beliefs research.
Masoud Hosseinchari; Hossain Davoudi; Haydar Ali Hooman; Hassan Pasha Sharifi
Volume 1, Issue 3 , April 2011, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
he present research is mainly focused on how to standardize and prepare a short form for MMPI-2 questionnaire among Iranian university students. The sample consists of 3578 college students (1763 male and 1815 female) at different educational levels (AA, BA, MA, and PhD) from eight provinces, who were ...
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he present research is mainly focused on how to standardize and prepare a short form for MMPI-2 questionnaire among Iranian university students. The sample consists of 3578 college students (1763 male and 1815 female) at different educational levels (AA, BA, MA, and PhD) from eight provinces, who were selected via multistage cluster sampling procedure. An Iranian and shortened version of MMPI-2 consisting of 370 questions was used. To investigate the construct validity of Iranian Shortened Version of MMPI-2, and to evaluate its reliability the principal components factor analysis and Oblimin oblique rotation was used. Results showed that Cronbach's Alpha coefficient as an index of reliability was 0.84 at first. This coefficient was increased to 0.96 through the omission of some questions with a weak co-efficient correlation. Among the remaining 156 questions, thirteen factors were extracted using factor analysis, Oblimin oblique rotation, skewing diagram and explained variance percentile. These factors, as a whole, explained 40.15 percent of the total variance of the variables. The naming of the factors was according to the original MMPI-2 including: Psychasthenia (PT), Frequency (F), Hypomania (Ma), Schizophrenia (Sc), Correction (K), Hypochondriasis (Hs), Hysteria (Hy), Paranoia (Pa), Depression (D), Lie (L), Psychopathic deviate (Pd), Social introversion-extroversion (Si), and Masculinity-Femininity (Mf). General findings indicate that the shorted form of MMPI-2 qualifies psychometric properties for clinical use and research activities in Iranian culture, especially in university settings.
Moustafa Nickname; Ali Taghipour Zahir; ali delavar; Mohammad Ghafary Mojalaj
Volume 1, Issue 3 , April 2011, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
he aim of this study is to study the of validity and reliability of the Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation. The sample was a totall of 308 managers from educational administers in Tehran City. The results of this study showed that opportune reliability and validity for Questionnaire Assessing ...
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he aim of this study is to study the of validity and reliability of the Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation. The sample was a totall of 308 managers from educational administers in Tehran City. The results of this study showed that opportune reliability and validity for Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation. The internal consistency coefficient (Chronbach, s alpha) for Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation obtained 0.83. This was relatively high level of Chronbach. S alpha showed relatively high level of reliability. Correlation results among Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation subscales showed convergence at measurement of single phenomenon. The positive correlation of the Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation showed opportune convergent validity.
Firouzeh Sepehrian
Volume 1, Issue 3 , April 2011, , Pages 1-15
Abstract
he purpose of this study was to prepare a primary scale which can be used in further extensive studies for preparing normative scale to assess enneagram personality types of Iranian university students in relation to native culture. To achieve this aim, at first, all subjects participated in enneagram ...
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he purpose of this study was to prepare a primary scale which can be used in further extensive studies for preparing normative scale to assess enneagram personality types of Iranian university students in relation to native culture. To achieve this aim, at first, all subjects participated in enneagram training class for ten sessions and we deeply surveyed the Riso- Hudson enneagram. Then, questions based on native culture and enneagram theory were developed. This scale was administered to 20 university students. The results of this pilot study demonstrated that certain questions need be changed and some should be deleted. This scale and RHETI test were simultaneously administered to 110 university students. The subjects were randomly selected from Oromiyeh University. The data were analyzed using mean, standarddeviation, Cronbach, s alpha, KMO, Bartlett, Confirmatory analysis, principal component analysis with Varimax rotation and Pearson correlation. The findings proved that this scale can have some useful applications.
