Azam Mansourinik; Iran Davoudi; Abdolkazem Neisi; Mahnaz Mehrabizade Honarmand; MohammadReza Tamannaeifar
Abstract
Objectified Body Consciousness Scale is a prominent scale of the key construct in the body image literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate the Psychometric properties of the Persian version of Objectified Body Consciousness Scale in women. 290 female undergraduate students of Shahid Chamran ...
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Objectified Body Consciousness Scale is a prominent scale of the key construct in the body image literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate the Psychometric properties of the Persian version of Objectified Body Consciousness Scale in women. 290 female undergraduate students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz who were selected by multi - stage random sampling participated in this research. In order to collect information the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (McKinley & Hyde,1996), Appearance Schemas Inventory (Cash & Labarj,1996) and appearance orientation subscale of Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire -Appearance Scale (Cash,2000) were used. The validity of the OBCS was measured using confirmatory factor analysis and convergent validity, and the reliability of the scale was assessed by internal consistency and Half-Split. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated an acceptable fit of the extracted model. Correlation coefficients between the OBCS and its factors (body surveillance, body shame and appearance control beliefs) with appearance schema and appearance orientation showed that the scale has good convergent validity (p <0.01). Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient for OBCS and its factors (body surveillance, body shame and appearance control beliefs) were calculated to be 0.71, 0.78, 0.75 and 0.65, respectively. Also, the reliability coefficients of the OBCS were obtained by Half-Split method (Spearman-Brown and Guttman) 0.50 and for its factors (body surveillance, body shame and appearance control beliefs) in the range of 0.65 to 0.71, and by retest method 0.79 and for its factors (body surveillance, body shame and appearance control beliefs) 0.83, 0.66, and 0.63 respectively after four weeks. The results indicate that the OBCS in Iran has a good validity and reliability.
Fatemeh Imamgholivand; Parvin Kadivar; Hasan Pasha Sharifi
Abstract
Abstract: Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess psychometric indicators of students' Social- Emotional Competence Questionnaire (SECQ). Method: The sample size of this study was 518 high school female students selected by random sampling method from public secondary schools in Tehran and ...
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Abstract: Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess psychometric indicators of students' Social- Emotional Competence Questionnaire (SECQ). Method: The sample size of this study was 518 high school female students selected by random sampling method from public secondary schools in Tehran and responded to the questionnaire. Findings: The results of exploratory factor analysis by main components method, in addition to general emotional-social competence, have 5 factors (self-awareness, social consciousness, self-management, relationship management and responsible decision-making) for the students' emotional-social competence questionnaire (SECQ), approved. To verify the reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the method of re-examination were used and a confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine its validity. The results showed that the questionnaire had acceptable internal consistency, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficients were below 0/77 to 0/80 in the sub-scales. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained through a 0/86 test which was significant at the level of p
Mahdi Abdollahzadeh Rafi; fateme rezaei; saeid Ariapooran
Abstract
Past research has shown that compassion fatigue is seen in parents of children with special needs. however, there is no suitable tool to measure it for this group. The aim of this study was to Development and evaluation the psychometric properties of the Compassion Fatigue Scale in mothers with children ...
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Past research has shown that compassion fatigue is seen in parents of children with special needs. however, there is no suitable tool to measure it for this group. The aim of this study was to Development and evaluation the psychometric properties of the Compassion Fatigue Scale in mothers with children with special needs. The research method was descriptive. The study population consisted of all mothers of students with special needs in Arak city in the academic year 1399-1400. 171 mothers who met the inclusion criteria were selected by convenience sampling method. In addition to the Compassion Fatigue Questionnaire, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (Lovibond and Lovibond, 1995) was used to collect data. Pearson correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha were used to analyze the data. The results of exploratory factor analysis and the correlation coefficient of the questionnaire factors with its total score showed that the compassionate fatigue questionnaire has construct validity. Also, the predictive validity of the questionnaire was confirmed (r = 0.61, p <0.001). The retest results confirmed the reliability of the questionnaire (r = 0.70, p = 0.001). The construct validity of the questionnaire was also confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Also, the internal consistency of the questionnaire, which was examined with Cronbach's alpha, was desirable (0.78). Therefore, the Compassion Fatigue Questionnaire has sufficient validity and reliability to assess the compassion fatigue of mothers with children with special needs.
Kobra Hajializadeh
Abstract
In recent research, academic engagement, as one of the constructions that influence academic achievement is taken into consideration. One of the challenges in the field of this construction is the assessment and measurement of this construction and its components. Hence, the purpose of this study was ...
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In recent research, academic engagement, as one of the constructions that influence academic achievement is taken into consideration. One of the challenges in the field of this construction is the assessment and measurement of this construction and its components. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of Reeve and Tseng academic engagement questionnaire, on a sample of high school boys and girls in Bandar Abbas. Subjects for the study, 364 first grade high school students who were selected by cluster sampling method. The research instrument was a 22-items questionnaire. To assess the validity of this questionnaire, confirmatory factor analysis was used. After analysis, the factor structure of the questionnaire was confirmed. Results showed that reliability coefficient equal to 0.87 for this inventory. Generally, the results showed that academic engagement questionnaire is appropriate to measure this variable and its components among high school students in Bandar Abbas and can to satisfy the needs of this field somewhat.
Anahita Mehrpour; Massoud Hosseinchari; Fateme Kamali
Abstract
Emotions are vital phenomenons in each organism and regulating those emotions is an important issue for mental health and well-being. In another hand, human beliefs affect his life and this point of view make “Self-efficacy” an important construct. Considering the great importance of self-efficacy ...
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Emotions are vital phenomenons in each organism and regulating those emotions is an important issue for mental health and well-being. In another hand, human beliefs affect his life and this point of view make “Self-efficacy” an important construct. Considering the great importance of self-efficacy beliefs in emotion regulation across students’ life span, the present study was aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Regulatory Emotional Self-efficacy Scale (RESE) which was designed by Bandura & colleqgues. Participants were 291 high-school students in Shiraz. They were selected based on stratified-cluster sampling. 160 girls and 130 boys filled the ERAS. To investigate the construct validity of the questionnaire exploratory factor analysis with Varimax rotation was performed using SPSS (V. 20). Measures of sampling adequacy were satisfying. EFA revealed two factors, perceived self-efficacy in managing negative emotions & perceived self-efficacy in expressing positive emotions which explain 36 percent of variance. In addition, the obtained Chronbach’s alpha was 0.70 and it was revealed that RESE is reliable to be used in Iran. For second order factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis was performed using AMOS. The results indicated two subscales of regulating negative emotions factor and it was the same with the source model. In general, the results revealed that regulatory emotional self-efficacy scale is a reliable and valid measure to be used for Iranian high-school students and it can be use for clinical and research purposes.
neda badaghi; nur ali farokhi; hasan asad zadeh
Volume 2, Issue 8 , July 2012, , Pages 85-108
Abstract
The present study aims to prepare and standardize a teenagers' gender identity questionnaire for 15-18 year-old teenagers of Tehran city. The questionnaire included 91 questions measuring four scales, including successful identity, premature identity, serotinous identity and troubled identity. 580 high-school ...
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The present study aims to prepare and standardize a teenagers' gender identity questionnaire for 15-18 year-old teenagers of Tehran city. The questionnaire included 91 questions measuring four scales, including successful identity, premature identity, serotinous identity and troubled identity. 580 high-school students (454 females and 126 males) of Tehran city in the school year 2010-2011 were randomly selected as the sample volume. The construct validity of the questionnaire was assessed by factor analysis of main components and varimax rotation, and four factors were derived from the questionnaire. Moreover, Bennion and Adams' identity status measurement questionnaire and Bem's sex role questionnaire were used to measure the criterion validity of teenager's gender identity questionnaire. The validity coefficient of the questionnaire and its scales was determined by Cronbach's alpha coefficient to fluctuate between 0.73 and 0.82. After the marks received by male and female students were compared, the questionnaire norms for each scale were calculated and recoded on the basis of T and Z scaled marks.
Roshan Ahmadi; Bahareh Mohamadi
Abstract
The aim of this article was to Construction and validation of the questionnaire of Evaluation of quality of e-learning management system based on ISO 9126 standard.In order to, a questionnaire was designed based on a systematic review of theoretical foundations and considering the indicators of ISO 9126. ...
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The aim of this article was to Construction and validation of the questionnaire of Evaluation of quality of e-learning management system based on ISO 9126 standard.In order to, a questionnaire was designed based on a systematic review of theoretical foundations and considering the indicators of ISO 9126. To analyze the questions, the methods of calculating the difficulty index, discriminative index and loop method and for face validity, content validity and construct validity were used to validate the questionnaire. Its validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha of 0.907. Sampling in this research was simple random And the final sample size was calculated based on Klein's view that for each factor 40 people considered, and the total sample was 350 people.The statistical population of the study includes undergraduate and graduate students of Iran University of Science and Technology and K. N.Toosi University. The results showed that, the quality assessment questionnaire of e-learning management system based on ISO 9126 In operational indicators, Functionality, usability, efficiency and reliability has good validity and reliability and the factors obtained from factor analysis can evaluate the quality of e-learning management system.
naser yousefi
Volume 2, Issue 7 , April 2012, , Pages 91-120
Abstract
Background and Objectives:The main purpose of the present research was to validate the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS) among the married men and women who consult the counseling centers in the province of Sanandaj. Methods: The study adopted a correlative design (factor analysis via Tendentious ...
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Background and Objectives:The main purpose of the present research was to validate the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS) among the married men and women who consult the counseling centers in the province of Sanandaj. Methods: The study adopted a correlative design (factor analysis via Tendentious Oblimin Rotation Sort and confirmatory factor analysis). The study sample included 357 subjects who were randomly chosen during two phases (in the first phase, 283 subjects and in the second phase, 74 subjects) from among all the men and women clients in the counseling centers in Sanandaj. The participants completed the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS) and the Criterion Questionnaires, and then the data was analyzed using the factor analysis via Tendentious Oblimin Rotation Sort and confirmatory factor analysis.Results: The results obtained from the factor analysis via Tendentious Oblimin Rotation Sort indicated the seven factors of the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS), which later fitted the confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability coefficients of the internal consistency including Cronbach’s alpha and split-half were satisfactory for the 60 elements and seven factors (83% and 82% respectively). Furthermore, the discriminating and convergent validity coefficients of the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS) were examined by the measurement tools for Communication Patterns Questionnaire(CPQ), locus of control scale(LOCS),self-Differentiation of Self Inventory-2 (DSI-2) and the correlation results for the three criteria are respectively as follows: 46%, 36%, -41%, and -43% which are significant at (P<0001).Conclusion: The results of the factor analysis are consistent with previous findings and considering the validity and the reliability of the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS), it can be used in research and clinical environments for distinguishing the normal people from the abnormal ones.
Ali Delavar
Abstract
Aim:The Aim of this research was studding the psychometric properties of self-handicapping scale as a suitable tool for measuring the self-handicapping.Method:The population was all of Tehran’s university students that 520 people were selected as a sample from the universities of AllamehTabataba’i, ...
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Aim:The Aim of this research was studding the psychometric properties of self-handicapping scale as a suitable tool for measuring the self-handicapping.Method:The population was all of Tehran’s university students that 520 people were selected as a sample from the universities of AllamehTabataba’i, Tehran, south branch of Payam-e-Noor & south branch of Islamic Azad University in various fields through purposive sampling. The research tool wasself-handicapping scale (Jones, &Rhodewalt 1982).For studding the psychometric properties of self-handicapping was determined the content validity, construct validity and reliability of this scale.Results:The content validity of this scale was confirmed by 5specialists. In exploratory factor analyze supported three factor solution. Confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the three-factor model fit the data. Internal consistency of the factors and scale was quite high and also item analysis showed high internal consistency between the items and scale. The reliability of scale was obtained 0.918 using the Cronbach'salpha method and 0.767 using the spilt-half method. Conclusion:Self-handicapping scale has good psychometric properties for college Students. Reliability of this scale was very high and Three-factor model proposed in the research has good construct validity and Helps researchers that can using this instrument for measuring the self-handicapping in the college students.
Ahmad Ghodsi; Siavash Talepasand; Alimohammad Rezaei; mohammadali mohammadifar
Abstract
Abstract Background: Task cost and its dimensions in the theory of expectance-value are important antecedents to achievement behaviors. The present study aims to validate an instrument to measure the task cost in high school students. Method: The participants were 363 high school students (172 Male, ...
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Abstract Background: Task cost and its dimensions in the theory of expectance-value are important antecedents to achievement behaviors. The present study aims to validate an instrument to measure the task cost in high school students. Method: The participants were 363 high school students (172 Male, 191 Female) in second and third grades who were selected through random multistage sampling and completed task cost scale of Fluke et al, Pintrich's questionnaire of task value, Vallerand's Questionnaire of academic motivation, and Semnan's questionnaire of task value. Data were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The results show that a four-factor structure (the inside effort cost, the loss of valued alternatives cost, emotional cost, and outside effort cost) fits the structure of cost task. Cronbach's alpha for the total scale was 0.97 and for the subscales of the inside effort cost 0.87, the loss of valued alternatives cost 0.90, emotional cost 0.91, and outside effort cost 0.93. Correlation analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between the scores of subscales of task costs and task value in the range of -0.39 to -0.48. The scores of achievement value, value of internal interest, and value of external interest have a significant relationship with components of task cost in the range of -0.35 to -0.56. Furthermore, the subscales of task cost and reluctance have a significant relationship in the range of 0.22 to 0.29. Conclusion: The Persian version of the task cost scale has acceptable psychometric characteristics for the students and can be used as a valid instrument in psychological researches
mehri sadat mousavi; bahjat yazdkhasti; alireza mohseni tabrizi
Abstract
This article is devoted to designing a model for measuring the social dimensions of subjective well-being. To achieve this goal, availab and related theoretical foundations were studied to provide a proper understanding of this dimension and its indicators and references. Due to the conceptual ambiguity ...
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This article is devoted to designing a model for measuring the social dimensions of subjective well-being. To achieve this goal, availab and related theoretical foundations were studied to provide a proper understanding of this dimension and its indicators and references. Due to the conceptual ambiguity in this field at first different synonyms and definitions were studied. In order to achieve the social dimension of subjective well-being, in addition to studying the documents, interviews were conducted with experts working in this field and were used their views on the design of the model. Finally, six indicators were used to measure this dimension: Social Security, Social Justice, Social Acceptance, Social Integration, Social Actualization, Social Contribution, Social Coherence.Then the model was executed among 700 students in Tehran. After removing items with a total load of less than 0.4, the following three conditions were established: 1. The factor loads of the items are all positive and consistent. 2. Factor loads of all items are more than 0.4. 3. Factor loads obtained at a lower order are larger than the higher order. Finally, a questionnaire with 89 items was obtained for measuring the social dimension of mental well-being. For more explicit analysis of the model, the hidden variables were examined separately. The combined trust coefficient of higher order variables confirms the capability of the model and its components and shows a cutoff point higher than 0.7: social justice (0.907), social integration (0.884), social flourishing (0.831), Social acceptance (0.876), social participation (0.829), social security (0.806), mental well-being (0.954). Validity at factor level and using the Fornell and Larcker index indicate that the factor of the low-order factors, which is the root of the AVE, is higher than all the row and column coefficients in which it is positioned and represents the overall model's audit validity.
esmaeil zarei zavaraki; kamal agjhigh; kazem rastegar
Volume 1, Issue 1 , October 2010, , Pages 1-25
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess and evaluate the E-learning course of industrial engineering at Khajeh NasirddinToosi University. The research population included all the industrial engineering students and instructors at Khajeh NasirddinToosi University. The sample comprised 61 (51 students ...
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The purpose of this study was to assess and evaluate the E-learning course of industrial engineering at Khajeh NasirddinToosi University. The research population included all the industrial engineering students and instructors at Khajeh NasirddinToosi University. The sample comprised 61 (51 students and 10 instructors) who were selected purposive sampling method. According to a review of global experiences, a checklist designed and applied. By analytical and descriptive statistical methods, it was found that the E-learning course of industrial engineering at Khajeh NasirddinToosi University could be relatively a suitable programme. These findings which may have some implications in designing E-learning course, are discussed in fully in this paper
Moustafa Nickname; Ali Taghipour Zahir; ali delavar; Mohammad Ghafary Mojalaj
Volume 1, Issue 3 , April 2011, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
he aim of this study is to study the of validity and reliability of the Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation. The sample was a totall of 308 managers from educational administers in Tehran City. The results of this study showed that opportune reliability and validity for Questionnaire Assessing ...
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he aim of this study is to study the of validity and reliability of the Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation. The sample was a totall of 308 managers from educational administers in Tehran City. The results of this study showed that opportune reliability and validity for Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation. The internal consistency coefficient (Chronbach, s alpha) for Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation obtained 0.83. This was relatively high level of Chronbach. S alpha showed relatively high level of reliability. Correlation results among Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation subscales showed convergence at measurement of single phenomenon. The positive correlation of the Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation showed opportune convergent validity.
karim Sevari
Volume 2, Issue 5 , October 2011, , Pages 1-15
Abstract
Background: Academic procrastination has been an important debate in recent years, and many researchers see it as a bad habit (Chase, 2003) and also a behavioral problem that many adults experience it in their daily activities (Johansen and Carton, 1999). Objective: The main purpose of this research ...
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Background: Academic procrastination has been an important debate in recent years, and many researchers see it as a bad habit (Chase, 2003) and also a behavioral problem that many adults experience it in their daily activities (Johansen and Carton, 1999). Objective: The main purpose of this research was to examine the psychometric properties of academic procrastination test. Method: 247 (142 females and 105 males) students of Payame Noor University of Ahvaz were selected using randomly multi-stage cluster sampling method. Results: A factor analysis, using the principal components analysis (vaimax rotation) resulted in three factors that consisted of 61/11% of variance. Cronbach's Alpha reliability coeffients (internal consistency) were satisfactory for the whole scale was ./85 (first factor: 0/77 , second: 0/6 & third factor: 0/70. Factor analysis showed that constructed test combined from 3 factor (deliberating procrastination, Physical-mental causing procrastination, and procrastination causing without programming. Validity of this test obtained through relation between Tuckman (1991) questionnaire with constructed test (0/ 35). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the academic procrastination test has a good reliability and validity, and is a useful instrument to assess students' academic procrastination.
parisa Dehkordian; ali delavar; hamidreza jali
Volume 2, Issue 6 , January 2012, , Pages 1-24
Abstract
Backgrounds: Recent studies showed that beside the person with addiction great number of person are with personality in the risk of addiction, but the measurement of this characteristic in Iran needs to instrument that similar to culture of this country.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was ...
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Backgrounds: Recent studies showed that beside the person with addiction great number of person are with personality in the risk of addiction, but the measurement of this characteristic in Iran needs to instrument that similar to culture of this country.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was the Preparing and normalization of addiction potential scale among students of Tehran universities.
Methods: after design, scale indicating 60 item were administrated to a sample of 90 addict and 540 students of Tehran universities.
Result: this scale distinguished between addict and non addict students. The reliability coefficients was estimated through internal consistency using cronbach alpha coefficient and was (α=0.88) . The validity of this scale investigated in two different ways: construct validity and face validity. The result obtained from analysis showed this scale consists of ten factors and is highly valided. T score was calculated for normalization.
Conclusion: overall indicated that the use of the addiction potential scale in researches, therapy and screening is useful.
ZOHREH MOOSAZADEH; siyamak tahmasebi; habib Masudi Farid
Abstract
هدف: هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی ویژگی های روانسنجی پرسشنامه سلامت معنوی در مربیان مهدهای کودک شهر تهران بود. مواد و روش: روش پژوهش توصیفی بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش مربیان ...
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هدف: هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی ویژگی های روانسنجی پرسشنامه سلامت معنوی در مربیان مهدهای کودک شهر تهران بود. مواد و روش: روش پژوهش توصیفی بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش مربیان مهدکودک های شهر تهران در سال 1396 بودند که به پرسشنامه سلامت روان مبتنی بر آموزه های اسلامی(ابوالمعالی و موسی زاده، 1394) پاسخ دادند. روش انتخاب نمونه سهمیه ای تصادفی بود که در آن از مناطق شمیرانات، شهر ری و مرکز تهران تعداد 1100مربی به تصادف انتخاب شدند. یافته ها: روایی سازه مقیاس به روش تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقیاس سلامت روان از دو عامل ایمان به خدا و خودکنترلی تشکیل شده است و این دو عامل 56/44 درصد از واریانس کل مقیاس را تبیین کردند. اعتبار مقیاس به روش همسانی درونی بررسی شد و ضرایب آلفای کرونباخ برای دو عامل 94/0 و 69/0 به دست آمد. نتیجه گیری : مقیاس سلامت روان مبتنی بر آموزه های اسلامی از روایی و اعتبار قابل قبولی برخوردار است و ابزار سودمندی برای سنجش سلامت معنوی مربیان مهدهای کودک می باشد.
reyhaneh pasbani; omid shokri
Volume 3, Issue 10 , January 2013, , Pages 75-102
Abstract
Objectives: the present study aimed at examining the gender invariance of factorial structure of the academic expectations stress inventory. Methods: a sample of 327 male and 353 female high school students were administered the AESI. Multi group confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the cross ...
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Objectives: the present study aimed at examining the gender invariance of factorial structure of the academic expectations stress inventory. Methods: a sample of 327 male and 353 female high school students were administered the AESI. Multi group confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the cross gender validity and invariance of factorial structure of AESI. The results of single group confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the two factor model of AESI. Results: the results of multi group confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the cross gender invariance of factorial structure factor loadings and factor variances and covariances of the AESI across both samples.
Ali Dana; Mohammad Reza Nili Ahmadabadi; Mohammad Hasan Amir Teimoori
Volume 4, Issue 15 , April 2014, , Pages 79-106
Abstract
Numerous studies use the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) method to reduce the data. Determination of the true number of retainable factors is the most crucial problem confronting researchers when using EFA. Common methods usually under/overestimate the number of factors. Objective: The present research ...
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Numerous studies use the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) method to reduce the data. Determination of the true number of retainable factors is the most crucial problem confronting researchers when using EFA. Common methods usually under/overestimate the number of factors. Objective: The present research aims to evaluate the common methods of determining the number of retainable factors and also introduce Parallel analysis (PA), as one of the most accurate methods of doing so. Method: The Parallel Analysis methodwas illustrated step by step using authentic examples with Syntax programming in SPSS. Results: The results showed that Parallel Analysis was an accurate method of determining the number of factors; however, its application is limited. Conclusion: Despite being accurate, PA is not well-known to researchers; in part, because it is not included as an analysis option in most popular statistical packages. Therefore, this paper elaborated on how to apply PA. The authors hope this effective method will be applied more in the future.
mojtaba habibi; balal izanluo; ebrahim khodai
Volume 3, Issue 9 , October 2012, , Pages 81-104
Abstract
According to Kerlinger (1P86), factor analysis is a statistical method serving “scientific parsimony principle”. This technique can be used to reduce multiplicity between variables, purify the relationships among variables, and maximize simplification. In fact, this technique determines The ...
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According to Kerlinger (1P86), factor analysis is a statistical method serving “scientific parsimony principle”. This technique can be used to reduce multiplicity between variables, purify the relationships among variables, and maximize simplification. In fact, this technique determines The dependency among measures and variables and facilitates scientific interpretation. The purpose of the present study is to introduce the application of factor analysis for assigning weight to the variables, exploring the simplest and the most feasible indices with highest weight and significance of evaluation of the sample group, and determining the factor loading for each of the scale items on every one of the explored factors. In the present descriptive study, the data related to the psychological and physiological symptoms of stress among 430 high school teachers of West Azerbaijan Province (105 teachers of physical education and 298 teachers of other fields) were utilized. In the analysis of the data using method of factor analysis, weight was assigned to items and in the next stage, the weight of each item based on the weight of that indicator in the related factor would be used instead of constant weight equal one, in order to come up with final scores of subjects. Results show that there is a significant difference between the two methods in determining the weight of the items by Friedman. Referring to the results, it could be concluded that efficacy of factor analysis in comparing with other ranking methods of indicators was in optimum level.
Zahra Karami Baghtifooni; Noor Ali Farokhi
Volume 4, Issue 16 , July 2014, , Pages 83-116
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Creativity is an important construct in the psychology of individual differences, and Compared to the similar areas such as intelligence, it has received little attentions of researchers. Seventy-year history of theory making and research on creativity, still there is not a consistent ...
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AbstractBackground: Creativity is an important construct in the psychology of individual differences, and Compared to the similar areas such as intelligence, it has received little attentions of researchers. Seventy-year history of theory making and research on creativity, still there is not a consistent pattern for understanding creativity. Objectives: The aim of Current study was to examine the relationship between fluid and crystallized intelligence with creativity and Explanation of this relationship based on higher order latent factors such as information processing speed and openness to experiences was taken place using structural equation modeling. Methods: All Tehran Humanistic universities were selected as population and 481 students from Shahid beheshti, Allameh Tabatabayi and Tehran universities were chosen as sample study. The sub-scales of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale- Revised (WAIS-R) were used to measure intelligence, Divergent thinking tests and questionnaires on creativity in everyday life, creative achievement and creative self- concept were also used to measure creativity and in order to measure processing speed, ZVT, and KDT paper-pencil tests were used and finally to measure openness to experience, NEO-FFI inventory was used. Structural equation models were postulated to investigate inter-relationship of constructs based on literature. Covariance matrix of observed variables was used to investigate postulated models, then, using AMSO-18 All statistical computations were analyzed. Results: Results showed that openness to experience, in all three cases (the first case, when all markers of self-assessment of creativity and divergent thinking are used simultaneously; the second case, when divergent thinking is used as the dependent variable and the third case, when self-assessment creativity is used as the dependent variable) will lead to successful and powerful prediction of creativity, Low impact processing speed has little but significant impact on creativity. Also, the fluid and crystallized intelligence had different effects on this structure depending on the type of creativity measurement. Conclusion: In general, the research results indicate that the personality has a more important role in being creative and producing innovative products; and intelligence and the information processing speed are in the next stage of having positive impact on the type of creative works.
samira soleymani; fereshteh alidoosti; alimohamad rezaiee; mohamad barani
Abstract
Positive psychology emphasizes on mental health and well-being improvement as a new approach in psychology area. In fact, positive psychology is the science of happiness and flourishing of human beings. In this regard, flourishing is considered as one of the important factors of individuals' success. ...
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Positive psychology emphasizes on mental health and well-being improvement as a new approach in psychology area. In fact, positive psychology is the science of happiness and flourishing of human beings. In this regard, flourishing is considered as one of the important factors of individuals' success. Flourishing is a combination of good feeling and effective functions and is equivalent with high level of psychological wellbeing and it briefly indicates mental health. The main purpose of the present research is to study psychometric properties of flourishing questionnaire based on Seligman model among Iranian students. The population includes all students of Tehran universities in 2015. The sample of the study includes 300 students (165 female and 165 male) and they have been selected by cluster sampling. In order to analyze data, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods, Pearson correlation, item-total score correlation, and reliability analysis by SPSSv22 and LISRELv8,80 were used. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis results have confirmed HFQ. The results of convergent validity of flourishing questionnaire have been confirmed by its concurrent execution with "Ahvaz Self-actualization" and "Diener’s Flourishing Questionnaire", also its divergent validity was studied and confirmed by "Beck’s Depression Inventory". Reliability coefficient of flourishing questionnaire was achieved as 0.82, 0.61, 0.77, 0.78 and 0.90 respectively for factors of positive emotions, relationships, meanings, achievements and total questionnaire by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Finally, according to the reliability and validity coefficient, ease of implementation, grading, interpretation, and also limited time for answering questionnaire it can be said that flourishing questionnaire has the necessary conditions to be used in psychological researches to measure the level of flourishing. Also it is suggested to use it for determining the level of flourishing prevalence in the student society.
Abdollah Omidi; Saeid Ardestani; Hamidreza Hassanabadi
Abstract
Acceptance and commitment therapy is trying to facilitate a valued living; although, there is not a valid scale for assessment of this concept. The items of questionnaire that are taken from ACT texts and well validated in English; items were translated and afterward three ACT experts checked out formal ...
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Acceptance and commitment therapy is trying to facilitate a valued living; although, there is not a valid scale for assessment of this concept. The items of questionnaire that are taken from ACT texts and well validated in English; items were translated and afterward three ACT experts checked out formal validation of translated Valuing Questionnaire (VQ). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis made for tow factor (1st factor= progress (in valued living), 2nd factor= obstruction (for valued living)) in student publication (N=502) with one subsample (N=300) for exploratory factor analysis and another (N=202) for confirmatory factor analysis. Results of exploratory factor analysis showed tow factor with 54.17 percent of whole variance. Indices of CIMIN/df، NFI، CFI، RMSEA used for fit indices, after effect of modification indices respectively 1.93, 0.06, 0.95, 0.90, 0.87 were received; as regards proposed model was fit with model of exploratory factor analysis. Also in study of reliability by method of Cronbach's alpha for Progress scale α= 0.79 and for Obstruction scale α=0.77 were received that show a good reliability for scales. Valuing Questionnaire (VQ) as a scale for substitution with symptom oriented scales, allow researcher and therapists a rapid, reliable and valid assessment.
ali delavar; mahmud najafi
Volume 3, Issue 12 , July 2013, , Pages 87-104
Abstract
background: researchers have suggested that the general self efficacy can substantially contribute to organizational theory research and practice. Therefore it is important to study the psychometric properties of schwarzer and jerusalems general self efficacy scaleamong staff of the state universities ...
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background: researchers have suggested that the general self efficacy can substantially contribute to organizational theory research and practice. Therefore it is important to study the psychometric properties of schwarzer and jerusalems general self efficacy scaleamong staff of the state universities in Tehran. Method: 400 employees who completedthe GSE scale were selected using multistage cluster sampling method. Results: the results of principle components analysis obviously supported the one factor structure of GSE. Conclusion: considering the results as well as the authentic history of research on the GSE scale at a global level it can be concluded that the GSE is an appropriate instrument to measure self efficacy of university staff that can be used in other researches.
Hossein Pourshahriar
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 89-110
Abstract
Background: The present research is about the psychological characteristics of adolescents and their adjustment levels. Considering the rational and theoretical bases regarding interactive relations between these concepts, a traditional model based on correlation and a new model based on parallel distributed ...
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Background: The present research is about the psychological characteristics of adolescents and their adjustment levels. Considering the rational and theoretical bases regarding interactive relations between these concepts, a traditional model based on correlation and a new model based on parallel distributed data processing were utilized.
Objectives: The aim of the study was a comparison between the abilities of the mentioned models to predict the levels of adjustment based on the psychological characteristics of adolescents.
Methods: The primary data related to 18 psychological characteristics and 5 adjustment levels were obtained by implementing Persian version of CPI and AISS on 456 male high school students in Tehran. The models of correlation and factor analysis were utilized to extract the optimum combination of factors as predictor components. On these bases a combination of 4 components and 5 independent psychological characteristics with the best proportion of prediction with a capability equal to the original 18 characteristics (α<0.01) were identified. Moreover, according to the numerous effective factors in formation of the psychological characteristics as well as adjustment and complications between their complex and non-linear relationships and interactions, Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Networks (MLPANN) model was also utilized for prediction, and its ability was compared with the Regression model.
Results: The findings showed that for predicting five levels of adjustment, ANNs model has more potential than logistic regression model and if we reduce the number of adjustment to 3 levels, then this capability changes in favour of logistic regression model.
Conclusion: Thus, the particular characteristics of ANNs such as parallel distributed processing and recognition of non-linear and complex relations by learning and experiencing and the special ability of regression model in predicting on the basis of linear relations (prioritization of the role of each predicting factor) is one of the major factors for the success of each model.
Amir Ghasemi Navab
Abstract
Background: transition to adolescence is accompanied with rapid changes, unexpected and new cognitive, social, emotional and psychological experiences that makes challenges for adolescents and are considered as underlying factors of stress. Aim: The aim of present study was examining the psychometric ...
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Background: transition to adolescence is accompanied with rapid changes, unexpected and new cognitive, social, emotional and psychological experiences that makes challenges for adolescents and are considered as underlying factors of stress. Aim: The aim of present study was examining the psychometric properties of the Iranian version of Adolescent Stress Questionnaire (ASQ) in high school students of both genders. Method: The study sample consisted of high school students in Hamadan city in 2015 school year. 280 students were selected based on multi-stage random sampling. To study psychometric characteristics of the questionnaire, Adolescent Stress Questionnaire was translated with double-translation technique and finally, to evaluate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire, it was administered along with depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS) and state anxiety Inventory (SAI) of Spielberg. Collected data was analyzed and reliability and validity indicators and confirmatory factor analysis were calculated. Results: Analysis of the collected data showed that the questionnaire has the reliability of 0.75 to 0.85 alpha coefficients in ten subscales, In addition, the concurrent validity of the questionnaire with subscales of depression anxiety, stress scale and trait anxiety questionnaire was equal to 0.34, 0.35, 0.82 and 0.15 respectively which in the p
