Mohammadreza Asadi Younesi; Abdollah Khaksar azghandi; Seyed Alireza Ghasemi
Abstract
The teacher's Immediacy with the students is one of the effective factors on teaching and learning. Part of the teacher's intimate or direct relationship with students is non-verbal, and so far, no scale has been validated for this behavior in Iran. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the ...
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The teacher's Immediacy with the students is one of the effective factors on teaching and learning. Part of the teacher's intimate or direct relationship with students is non-verbal, and so far, no scale has been validated for this behavior in Iran. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of validating the teacher's non-verbal Immediacy scale (Richmond et al., 2003) in the classroom. The research method was descriptive-cross-sectional. The statistical population of the research included all the teachers of different levels of education in Qutb Shahid Bronsi of Razavi province Education, from which 212 people were randomly selected as a sample. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the construct validity of the non-verbal teacher Immediacy questionnaire. Also, the reliability of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's alpha value of 0.74, which indicates the appropriate reliability of this tool. Also, the results of the factor analysis showed that the constructed scale consists of 5 factors that explain 48.79% of the total variance. The teacher's non-verbal Immediacy questionnaire is able to measure teachers' non-verbal Immediacy by passing psychometric steps and having validity and reliability; Therefore, in addition to being effective as a self-assessment for teachers, the questionnaire can also be used in group research.
Seyedeh Khadijeh Amirian; Afzal Sadat Hoseini Dehshiri
Abstract
Ethical values are a subject of academic and public interest. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Ethical Values Assessment (EVA). The study population was all students studying at the University of Tehran in 1400-1401, of whom 422 participated in the study. The ...
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Ethical values are a subject of academic and public interest. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Ethical Values Assessment (EVA). The study population was all students studying at the University of Tehran in 1400-1401, of whom 422 participated in the study. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula. Participants responded to the Ethical Values Scale (Padilla-Walker & Jensen, 2016), Self Perception Profile for Children (Harter, 1989), Religious Commitment Inventory (Worthington et al., 2003), and the quality of relationships inventory (Pierce et al., 1991), which were provided to them online. The analyzes were performed with SPSS22 and Amos22 and in several steps including item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and convergent validity. Results: The results of item analysis showed that all items are sufficient. Exploratory factor analysis led to the extraction of three factors, which were (Based on eigenvalue): ethics of divinity, Community and autonomy. The second-order confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the three-factor structure along with a general factor of ethical values. The convergent validity of this questionnaire and the total reliability and the reliability of the factors also were appropriate. The questionnaire for measuring ethical values in the Iranian student community has good reliability and validity; Therefore, it can be used as a valid tool to measure ethical values in students.
Seyedeh Khadijeh Amirian; Mansoure Hajhosseini; Mina Nezami; Simin Ebrahimi
Abstract
The aim of this study was to validate the student discussion engagement scale among students of the University of Tehran. The student discussion engagement scale, conceptualizes discussion in the form of a group question and answer that requires an understanding of the overall atmosphere of a class and ...
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The aim of this study was to validate the student discussion engagement scale among students of the University of Tehran. The student discussion engagement scale, conceptualizes discussion in the form of a group question and answer that requires an understanding of the overall atmosphere of a class and the participation of individuals who enhance/facilitate/boost the engagement of others. The scale assesses students' behavior and experiences in the classroom in four areas, namely their skills, self-confidence, openness to discussion, and perception of the overall atmosphere. The study included 403 students of the University of Tehran from different study areas and stages, who were selected through random sampling. The students were asked to fill out a survey online, which included questions about discussion engagement, academic engagement, general self-efficacy (GSES), and the classroom learning environment (CLC). The data were examined in several steps, including item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, divergent validity, and reliability. This was done in order to ensure that the analysis produces accurate and reliable results. The item analysis revealed that all items were adequate in terms of the descriptive criteria. The exploratory factor analysis identified four factors after removing two items. This suggests that there are four underlying factors influencing the students' engagement in classroom discussions. The confirmatory factor analysis also supported the factor structure identified in the exploratory factor analysis. This suggests that the Student Discussion Engagement (SDE) scale has convergent validity, divergent validity, and good reliability. This means that the scale can reliably and accurately measure students' engagement in classroom discussions.
Mohammad Javad Rabbani Parsa; Elham Rabbani Parsa
Abstract
Nowadays, the fundamental role of having a purpose for life in physical and mental health has been confirmed. According to victor frankl, presence of a purpose in life gives life a meaning and increases resilience against pains and traumas. The importance of the purpose in life construct reveals the ...
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Nowadays, the fundamental role of having a purpose for life in physical and mental health has been confirmed. According to victor frankl, presence of a purpose in life gives life a meaning and increases resilience against pains and traumas. The importance of the purpose in life construct reveals the need for a reliable and valid tool to measure it. Crumbaugh and Maholick's purpose in life questionnaire is the first and one of the most applied tools for the assessment of life's purposefulness. The aim of this research is to determine the factor structure of purpose in life questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered on 206 students who were selected through random stratified sampling at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Exploratory factor analysis showed that there are two factors "comprehension" and "purpose" and this finding were confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Altogether results of this research showed factor validity of the purpose in life questionnaire with a two factor pattern
Mohammad Ali Besharat; Hojjatollah Farahani; Niloufar Farsijani
Abstract
The present study examined psychometric properties of a 20-item Spiritual/Religious Perfectionism Scale (SRPS-20) in adult students. The aim of the study was developmental-applied and the method of gathering data was field research. The statistical population of the study 1 consisted of adult students, ...
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The present study examined psychometric properties of a 20-item Spiritual/Religious Perfectionism Scale (SRPS-20) in adult students. The aim of the study was developmental-applied and the method of gathering data was field research. The statistical population of the study 1 consisted of adult students, both under graduated and graduated, from the University of Tehran in the academic year of 2018-2019. The statistical population of the study 2 consisted of adults from general population living in Tehran in the years of 2018 and 2019. Factor structure of the SRPS-20 investigated using exploratory factor analyses in study 1 (368 university students) as well as using confirmatory factor analyses in study 2 (384 community adults). Convergent and discriminant validity of the SRPS-20 were examined through its correlations with measures of ego strength, mental health, and positive/negative affects in the 2 studies based on Ego Strength Scale (Besharat, 2016), Mental Health Inventory (Veit & Ware, 1983), and Positive and Negative Affects Schedule (Watson, Clarke & Tellegen, 1988), respectively. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the SRPS-20 were also investigated in the 2 studies. The results of both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a general factor structure for the SRPS-20. The convergent and discriminant validity of the SRPS-20 were supported by an expected pattern of correlations between the scale and the measures of ego strength, psychological well-being, psychological distress, and positive and negative affects. Based on the preliminary evidence provided by the present study it can be concluded that the SRPS-20 is a reliable and valid scale to measure spiritual/religious perfectionism.
Arsalan Iraji rad
Abstract
Cognition and knowledge is growing rapidly, and the meaning of knowing from the ability to remember and repeat information has changed to the ability to find and use appropriate information. Thus, metacognitive competence has become an important competitive element in the learning process for individuals ...
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Cognition and knowledge is growing rapidly, and the meaning of knowing from the ability to remember and repeat information has changed to the ability to find and use appropriate information. Thus, metacognitive competence has become an important competitive element in the learning process for individuals in general and students and researchers in particular in the present age. It is therefore essential to have an accurate and efficient tool for measuring it. With this approach, the purpose of this study was to validate the Sherraw & Denison (1994) metacognitive awareness questionnaire including 52 items in 8 components. The statistical population of this study consisted of 50 faculty members and lecturers and more than 1750 graduates of the above mentioned centers. By submitting the questionnaire and receiving it, 302 complete and unadapted questionnaires were provided to the researcher. KMO test and Bartlett test were used to determine sampling adequacy. The above tests confirmed the suitability of sample number. In order to validate the above questionnaire, exploratory factor analysis was performed using SPSS 23 software. The results showed that six components of the eight components of the questionnaire including expression knowledge, procedural knowledge, situational knowledge, information management strategies, debugging and evaluation strategies were replicated without any changes as the creators presented. At the same time, the results showed that by combining the two planning variables and the perception checker, one single variable can be obtained that by examining the nature of common questions and concepts as "Planning and monitoring of learning", Named.
Seyede Khadije Moradiani Geize Rud; ezatolah ghadampour; masoud sadeghi; mohammad abasi; firoze ghazanfari
Abstract
Abstract: The detrimental effects of peer rejection during childhood have made research in this area a necessity. The main step in each research is to have a valid and reliable questionnaire for the culture of that society. The main purpose of the present study is to examine the psychometric properties ...
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Abstract: The detrimental effects of peer rejection during childhood have made research in this area a necessity. The main step in each research is to have a valid and reliable questionnaire for the culture of that society. The main purpose of the present study is to examine the psychometric properties (determination of factor structure, validity, and validity) of the rejection scale of Wiesel, Sarid & Sternberg (2013). The research design is correlation. The statistical population is taken from 6th-grade elementary school students of Kermanshah. The total number of the participants is 311 students which were selected by the random cluster sampling method. Exploratory factor analysis extracts 4 components which were confirmed by first-order confirmatory factor analysis. Second order confirmatory factor analysis showed that these four components can be categorized into one concept. In sum, our peer rejection scale after a little modification showed suitable reliability and validity and can be used among Iranian students.
Ali Moghadam zadeh; Hassan Gharayagh Zandi; Meysam Yavari Kateb
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that Movement Imagery ability is effective in motor performance and learning in sports and rehabilitation. Appropriate inventory for assessment of this ability in adults (e.g. MIQ-3) development and validated in Iran. However, there is currently no standard tool for using ...
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Previous studies have shown that Movement Imagery ability is effective in motor performance and learning in sports and rehabilitation. Appropriate inventory for assessment of this ability in adults (e.g. MIQ-3) development and validated in Iran. However, there is currently no standard tool for using children in Iran. To address this gap, we sought to examine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of imagery ability questionnaire for children (MIQ-C). The statistical population included children from 7 to 12 years old (135 boys, 109 girls) who were selected by random cluster sampling. Results replicated that most items had good discrimination and threshold parameters and high item information values and IRT replicated that all questions have an appropriate coefficient of detection (a) and threshold (b). So the Persian version of the current questionnaire is recommended to measure the Movement Imagery ability to children from 7 to 12 years of age in Persian.
Abstract
The Study Factor Structure of a Persian Version of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 Child and Adolescent (STAXI-2 C/A) in Iranian sample AbstractThe aim of the present study is the investigation of the factor structure of State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory -2 Child and Adolescent (STAXI-2 ...
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The Study Factor Structure of a Persian Version of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 Child and Adolescent (STAXI-2 C/A) in Iranian sample AbstractThe aim of the present study is the investigation of the factor structure of State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory -2 Child and Adolescent (STAXI-2 C/A). The inventory has been investigated by considering a sample of Iranian students aged 12 to 17. After preparing questionnaire, firstly, it has been translated to Persian language and then retranslated to original language. Then it has been carried out on 556 male and female high- School and junior- high –school students in Tehran. The results of study indicate that the seven factors including Anger Feeling, Anger-Expression (vocabulary, physical), Anger-Temperament, Anger-Reaction, Anger Expression-Out, Anger Expression-In, and Anger Control were confirmed in Iranian sample. In general, these findings support the construct validity of (STAXI-2 C/A) among a sample of Iranian students.Keywords: Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, State-Trait anger, Expression anger, Child and Adolescent
Abstract
Purpose: The present research is conducted aiming at studying the psychometric characteristics of sense of belonging to school questionnaire by Bree, Bethy, and Wath (2005) among Persian students.Method: The method applied in this research is descriptive-measuring and the population under study includes ...
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Purpose: The present research is conducted aiming at studying the psychometric characteristics of sense of belonging to school questionnaire by Bree, Bethy, and Wath (2005) among Persian students.Method: The method applied in this research is descriptive-measuring and the population under study includes all male and female secondary students. The sample under study included 350 students (200 boys and 150 girls) which were selected through cluster random sampling. Data for this research was collected through different questionnaires that included school connection feeling, academic burnout, and achievement motivation. All Data were analyzed utilizing Cronbach's alpha, Exploratory factor analysis, and correlation coefficient.Findings: The total Cronbach's alpha scale is calculated 88% that indicates optimal reliability. The correlation of this scale is calculated with academic burnout questionnaire in order to determine divergent validity (-0/567) that also indicated meaningful and negative correlation. Additionally, the sense of belonging to school, and achievement motivation scale is 44% that corroborates concurrent validity of sense belonging to school connection scale. The results of exploratory factor analysis expressed six factors that included: teacher’s support, engagement in the broader community, the sense of observing fairness and respect, positive feelings to school, relationship with school, academic engagment. Conclusion: measuring the sense of belonging to school scale can be applied as reliable and valid tool in educational and research situations.
K zahrakar; K Karami; K bozorgmanesh
Abstract
Background: In recent years research in the field of positive psychology has increased. The ultimate goal this approach is the identification of structures and practices that provide for human well-being. Thus, the psychometric properties of commonly used tools in the field of family resiliency is very ...
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Background: In recent years research in the field of positive psychology has increased. The ultimate goal this approach is the identification of structures and practices that provide for human well-being. Thus, the psychometric properties of commonly used tools in the field of family resiliency is very important. 0bjectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties ofthe Sixbey "Family Resilience scale (2005). Methods: In the pilot study of 30 patients and 400 primary school students in District 4 city of Karaj, 92 to 1391 academic year were selected by stratified random sampling. Completed questionnaire family resiliency. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the data using the spss and lisrel were analyzed by the software increases. Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis revealed six factors. And confirmatory factor analysis results confirmed that the questionnaire had an acceptable fit to the data and all other goodness of fit indicators confirm the model. Also survey of the reliability questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest Obtained 0.92 and 0.88 respectively. Also the convergent validity coefficients of Family Resiliency questionnaire (Sixbey, 2005) with family functioning scale ( Family Assessment Divice version 1(FAD ), Family Assessment Divice version 2, Family cohesion scale (1381) and Connor – Davidson Resiliency Scale (2003) Obtained 0.80, 0.73, 0.65 and 0.45 respectively that be upper limit and acceptable. Conclusions: The results showed that the psychometrics properties of the scale was satisfactory and can be considered as a valid and reliable instrument used in the research of family.
Ali Dana; Mohammad Reza Nili Ahmadabadi; Mohammad Hasan Amir Teimoori
Volume 5, Issue 15 , April 2014, , Pages 79-106
Abstract
Numerous studies use the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) method to reduce the data. Determination of the true number of retainable factors is the most crucial problem confronting researchers when using EFA. Common methods usually under/overestimate the number of factors. Objective: The present research ...
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Numerous studies use the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) method to reduce the data. Determination of the true number of retainable factors is the most crucial problem confronting researchers when using EFA. Common methods usually under/overestimate the number of factors. Objective: The present research aims to evaluate the common methods of determining the number of retainable factors and also introduce Parallel analysis (PA), as one of the most accurate methods of doing so. Method: The Parallel Analysis methodwas illustrated step by step using authentic examples with Syntax programming in SPSS. Results: The results showed that Parallel Analysis was an accurate method of determining the number of factors; however, its application is limited. Conclusion: Despite being accurate, PA is not well-known to researchers; in part, because it is not included as an analysis option in most popular statistical packages. Therefore, this paper elaborated on how to apply PA. The authors hope this effective method will be applied more in the future.
Mohammad Ali Besharat
Volume 4, Issue 14 , January 2014, , Pages 147-168
Abstract
Background: Preparing a valid instrument to measure the basic psychological needs in Iranian populations is necessary for research purposes.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine reliability, validity, and exploratory factor analysis of a Persian version of the Basic Needs Satisfaction in ...
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Background: Preparing a valid instrument to measure the basic psychological needs in Iranian populations is necessary for research purposes.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine reliability, validity, and exploratory factor analysis of a Persian version of the Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale (BNSG-S) in a sample of Iranian students.
Method: Five hundred and eighty four students (273 males, 311 females) were participated in this study, voluntarily. All participants were asked to complete the BNSG-S (Gagne, 2003), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RS; Eysenck, Eysenck, & Barrett, 1985), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), and the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-28; Besharat, 2009).
Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis supported a single general factor of basic needs satisfaction in general and a three factor structure including Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness. The convergent and discriminant validity of the BNSG-S were supported by an expected pattern of correlations between the scale and the measures of personality and mental health. All correlation coefficients between the mean scores on the BNSG-S and scores of the extraversion, neuroticism, positive affect, negative affect, psychological well-being, and psychological distress were statistically significant. Coefficient alpha estimates of internal reliability were between .83 and .91 for the BNSG-S subscales. Test-retest reliability of the BNSG-S was also calculated at the range of .67-.77. All correlations were statistically significant.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the BNSG-S can be considered as a reliable and valid scale to measure the basic needs satisfaction in Iranian samples.
gholamreza rajabi; sona karju kasmai
Volume 3, Issue 10 , January 2013, , Pages 139-158
Abstract
Background: the beck depression inventory second edition is a revision of the depression questionnaire and a widely used self report measure of depressive symptoms in clinical and non clinical populations. Objective: the purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Persian ...
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Background: the beck depression inventory second edition is a revision of the depression questionnaire and a widely used self report measure of depressive symptoms in clinical and non clinical populations. Objective: the purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Persian version of the beck depression inventory second edition among students of shahid chamran university and ahvaz university of medical sciences. Methods: using random multi stage sampling method 468 subjects were selected among the studerts of the mentioned universities in the educational year 89-90. Results: the results of the factor analysis and varimax rotation were indicative of the two factors: cognitive affective and negative attitude somatic symptoms.
ali Khaleghinejad; mohamad Besharat; enayat Zamanpour
Volume 2, Issue 5 , October 2011, , Pages 1-32
Abstract
Background: One of the important subjects in learning process is individual’s epistemology beliefs. These beliefs related to individual’s understanding, how to obtain and validity of knowledge and individual imagination of ability and speed for learning. Objective: This research was done ...
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Background: One of the important subjects in learning process is individual’s epistemology beliefs. These beliefs related to individual’s understanding, how to obtain and validity of knowledge and individual imagination of ability and speed for learning. Objective: This research was done with the aim of confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis of Schommer’s epistemology beliefs scale among Iranian students. Method: The method of research is correlation. Participants were 366 first grade students of high school in Baharestan town whom were selected with random cluster sampling. They answered to the 63-item of Schommer’s epistemology belief scale. The data were analyzed through first and second confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis. Results: A first confirmatory factor analysis confirmed existing nine components and second confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that all of the bring components located in epistemology belief concept. An exploratory factor analysis executed on nine components lead to created 3 subscales: individual prejudice about understanding, person beliefs about the ability and speed for learning, and knowledge certainty. Conclusion: In sum, Schommer’s modified epistemology beliefs scale has a good reliability and validity, and we can use them to evaluate students' epistemology beliefs. .
