Quarterly of Educational Measurement

Abstract Background: students experience different emotions in academic settings and these emotions highly affect their learning motivation performance andalso health. However the process of research on these areas is slow probably because of the lack of appropriate instruments. In response to this deficit pekrun et al developed a self report instrument to measure various achievement emotions that students commonly experience in academic settings. The instrument contains scales for measuring enjoyment hope pride anger relief anxiety shame hopelessness and boredom in class learning and test context. Conclusion: the results of the study indicated that the Persian version of the AEQ is a reliable and valid measuring instrument that can be used for the purposes of research and counseling.

Abstract Background: researches have shown that in addition to intelligence learning behaviors have an effect on the academic achievement of students. Aim: the present research aimed to assess the reliability validity and factor structure of the Persian form of learning behaviors scale on middle school students. Conclusion: the results of the study showed that the learning behaviors scale has adequate and appropriate reliability and validity for assessing the effective learning behaviors of middle school students. Moreover the results of the factor analysis indicated that the learning behaviors scale is a multidimensional scale and has four factors including competency attention perseverance attitude towards learning and strategy flexibility.

Abstract Background: the theoretical models of parenting styled seek to identify the factors affecting upbringing children and to determinetheir consequences. The inconsistency between these theoretical patterns which mainly belong to the western societies and are affected by the attitude governing them with the Iranian culture values and beliefs lays the groundwork for development of native models based on the Islamic attitude and the specific experinces of the Iranian society. Objective: the present paper aims to study the psychometrics characteristics and the theoretical model of the parent child relationship questionnaire. Method: the questionnaire was conducted in two phases on 270 teenagers and young people between the ages of 15 to 30 who were residing in district 9 of Tehran in 2011. Results: the validity and reliability of the theoretical model of the questionnaire were confirmed by the fitting indices.

Abstract Background: reminiscence functions scale is the most valid measure of functions of reminiscence. Since validity and reliability of the RFS have not been investigated in the iranian context it is necessary to study the psychometric properties of this scale. Objective: the present paperaims to study the psychometric properties of the reminiscence functions scale amongthe students of shiraz university. Method: a sample of 247 students studying at shiraz university during the academic year 2011-2012 wasselected using random cluster sampling method. The participants filled the reminiscence functions scale. Results: the results of factor analysis yielded 7 factors. The results of internal consistency analysis showed that the instrument was of a good internal consistency. Conclusion: the results of the present study shows that the reminiscence functions scale is appropriately valid and reliablein iran and can be used in research works and therapeutic interventions.

Abstract background: researchers have suggested that the general self efficacy can substantially contribute to organizational theory research and practice. Therefore it is important to study the psychometric properties of schwarzer and jerusalems general self efficacy scaleamong staff of the state universities in Tehran. Method: 400 employees who completedthe GSE scale were selected using multistage cluster sampling method. Results: the results of principle components analysis obviously supported the one factor structure of GSE. Conclusion: considering the results as well as the authentic history of research on the GSE scale at a global level it can be concluded that the GSE is an appropriate instrument to measure self efficacy of university staff that can be used in other researches.

Abstract Background: procrastination is a common phenomenon particularly in academic settings that is usually accompanied with distressing mental experiences. It is recognized as a form of self regulatory failure. Objective: the present paper aims to study development of a self regulation package for reducing academic procrastination and to evaluate its effectiveness. The package was developed based on the components psychologist and high school teachers and also the research literature. Method: 66 female students were selected using the multistage sampling. Conclusion: the findings of the present study were consistent with those of prior related researches.

Abstract Background: intellectual capitals play a crucial role in achieving competitive advantage in a knowledge based world. The role of higher education in the economic structure from the perspective of educatinga trained workforce for public and private sectors as well as creating a ground for innovation and development of technology is highly important. The higher education systemprepares the ground for growth innovation entrepreneurship and ultimately economic development through effective management and application of intellectual capitals. Identification of intellectual capitals in the higher education system and the ways to measure itpave the way for better management of such capitals. Conclusion: based on the research findings an appropriate model was introduced for measuring intellectual capital with the relative dimensions and criteria for the higher education system of iran.

Abstract Background: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is the most common developmental neurological disorder in children the problems of which remain after puberty. Early diagnosis and intervention of this disorder in the home and school environment is essential to decrease the problems caused by it. Early diagnosis and intervention requires epidemiologic studies. The studies on the prevalence of ASHD have had different results due to applying different criteria definitions evaluators and instruments. Objective: the present paper aims to conduct a meta analysis on the epidemiologic studies of ADHD among Iranian elementary school students. Conclusion: the results of present meta analytical research is consistent with those of many related studies in terms of the prevalence rate of ADHD the proportion of disorder between girls and boys and also the prevalence rate of subtypes among Iranian elementary school students.

Abstract Background: test anxiety is frequently viewed as a major factor that can impair test performance and lead to underachievement. Objective: the current study was a meta analysis of the performed studies in the area of therapeutically methods applied to reduce test anxiety. Method: to do so the meta analysis was used as a statistical technique to collect to combine and to summarize the performed studies in the regarded area which finally led to the collection of 45 convenient studies. Conclusions: the study results show that from among the applied therapeutically methods in reducing the test anxiety there has been greater success for behavioral method followed by cognitive method and the therapist should pay more attention to these methods.