The Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale: Reliability, validity, and factorial analysis
Volume 4, Issue 14, Winter 2014, Pages 147-168
Mohammad Ali Besharat
Abstract Background: Preparing a valid instrument to measure the basic psychological needs in Iranian populations is necessary for research purposes. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine reliability, validity, and exploratory factor analysis of a Persian version of the Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale (BNSG-S) in a sample of Iranian students. Method: Five hundred and eighty four students (273 males, 311 females) were participated in this study, voluntarily. All participants were asked to complete the BNSG-S (Gagne, 2003), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RS; Eysenck, Eysenck, & Barrett, 1985), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), and the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-28; Besharat, 2009). Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis supported a single general factor of basic needs satisfaction in general and a three factor structure including Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness. The convergent and discriminant validity of the BNSG-S were supported by an expected pattern of correlations between the scale and the measures of personality and mental health. All correlation coefficients between the mean scores on the BNSG-S and scores of the extraversion, neuroticism, positive affect, negative affect, psychological well-being, and psychological distress were statistically significant. Coefficient alpha estimates of internal reliability were between .83 and .91 for the BNSG-S subscales. Test-retest reliability of the BNSG-S was also calculated at the range of .67-.77. All correlations were statistically significant. Conclusion: It was concluded that the BNSG-S can be considered as a reliable and valid scale to measure the basic needs satisfaction in Iranian samples.
Factor structure of Schommer’s epistemology beliefs scale
Volume 2, Issue 5, Autumn 2011, Pages 1-32
ali Khaleghinejad, mohamad Besharat, enayat Zamanpour
Abstract Background: One of the important subjects in learning process is individual’s epistemology beliefs. These beliefs related to individual’s understanding, how to obtain and validity of knowledge and individual imagination of ability and speed for learning.
Objective: This research was done with the aim of confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis of Schommer’s epistemology beliefs scale among Iranian students.
Method: The method of research is correlation. Participants were 366 first grade students of high school in Baharestan town whom were selected with random cluster sampling. They answered to the 63-item of Schommer’s epistemology belief scale. The data were analyzed through first and second confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory factor analysis.
Results: A first confirmatory factor analysis confirmed existing nine components and second confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that all of the bring components located in epistemology belief concept. An exploratory factor analysis executed on nine components lead to created 3 subscales: individual prejudice about understanding, person beliefs about the ability and speed for learning, and knowledge certainty.
Conclusion: In sum, Schommer’s modified epistemology beliefs scale has a good reliability and validity, and we can use them to evaluate students' epistemology beliefs.
.