emran sasani; Mostafa Mohebbi; zabihollah karami
Abstract
Field and Purpose: Courage is a crucial aspect of individual personality, particularly significant for cadets of the Police University as it shapes their intra- and extra-organizational interactions, forming the basis of police authority in society. The aim of this research is to construct a model of ...
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Field and Purpose: Courage is a crucial aspect of individual personality, particularly significant for cadets of the Police University as it shapes their intra- and extra-organizational interactions, forming the basis of police authority in society. The aim of this research is to construct a model of courage tailored to the cadets of the Police University and the training of police officers.Method: This qualitative, applied research involved psychologists, elites, and education/training managers. Samples were purposefully selected and interviews conducted until theoretical saturation. Data from 15 commanders, managers, and experts were analyzed using King and Horrocks' content analysis method, validated by expert opinions.Findings: Interviews revealed five key areas where cadets require characteristics for effective performance: personality and psychology, organizational factors, education, religion and culture, and training. A total of 121 themes emerged as fundamental to developing courage in cadets, with 11 organizing themes and 5 comprehensive themes identified in the model.Conclusion: The study outlines five comprehensive dimensions—personality-psychology, organizational, educational, training, and religious-cultural—offering novel scientific insights to enhance courage in Police University cadets and those trained under the Imam Hasan Mojtaba (PBUH) police program.
Farhad Tanhaye Reshvanloo; Hadi Samadieh; Marziyeh Mashayekhi; Fateme Farzane; Batool Goli; , Aliasghar Shahabifar
Abstract
The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS; Diener et al., 1985) has been a standard measure for over thirty years. However, the concept of life satisfaction has evolved during this period. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Riverside Life Satisfaction Scale (RLSS) among university ...
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The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS; Diener et al., 1985) has been a standard measure for over thirty years. However, the concept of life satisfaction has evolved during this period. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Riverside Life Satisfaction Scale (RLSS) among university students. Utilizing a convenience sampling method within a validation design, 210 students from private institutions in Mashhad were recruited. The participants completed the RLSS (Margolis et al., 2019), SWLS (Diener et al., 1985), a short form of the Psychological Well-Being Scale (Reif, 1989), and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler et al., 2002). The study examined content validity, gender confirmatory invariance, as well as convergent and divergent validity, alongside internal consistency and reliability. The Content Validity Ratio (CVR) for the entire scale was 0.87, and the Content Validity Index (CVI) was 0.97. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.88, and the Spearman-Brown split-half reliability coefficient also stood at 0.88. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded positive results across the entire sample, inclusive of both genders, indicating factorial invariance by gender. Both convergent and divergent validity were confirmed (P
Hadi Samadieh; Hossein Kareshki; Seyed Amir Aminyazdi; Elahe Hejazi
Abstract
The sense of belonging to a university is intricately connected to various facets of their psycho-social well-being. Nonetheless, the conceptualization and measurement of this construct remain unclear. Existing instruments in higher education predominantly evaluate the general sense of belonging, while ...
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The sense of belonging to a university is intricately connected to various facets of their psycho-social well-being. Nonetheless, the conceptualization and measurement of this construct remain unclear. Existing instruments in higher education predominantly evaluate the general sense of belonging, while the assessment of specific components of belonging to a university has not been adequately addressed in prior research. This study was conducted to construct and validate the "Students' Sense of Belonging to University Scale (SSBUS)". Employing a correlational and instrument development framework, 345 students from Ferdowsi University of Mashhad were recruited for the initial phase, followed by 477 students from the University of Birjand in the subsequent phase, utilizing a convenient sampling technique. Exploratory factor analysis in the initial phase identified four factors accounting for 49.72% of the variance, encompassing interactions with faculty, peer relations, institutional atmosphere, and self-esteem. Confirmatory factor analysis affirmed the suitability of the four-factor model, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the sub-scales ranging between 0.75 and 0.90. Further analyses substantiated the internal consistency, as well as the convergent and divergent validity of the scale. Notably, each dimension of the scale demonstrated significant correlations with university commitment, social-emotional loneliness, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and agentic engagement. Moreover, the retest reliability coefficients for the sub-scales varied from 0.64 to 0.74. The findings suggest that the SSBUS possesses commendable psychometric properties, qualifying it as a reliable tool for academic use.
Fatemeh Zadehmohamadi; Ali Fathi-Ashtiani
Abstract
Academic environments are characterized by high levels of emotion. In an emotion-driven environment where emotions are related to other factors affecting academic performance, emotion regulation is essential. Therefore, it is essential to develop an instrument to evaluate emotion regulation strategies ...
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Academic environments are characterized by high levels of emotion. In an emotion-driven environment where emotions are related to other factors affecting academic performance, emotion regulation is essential. Therefore, it is essential to develop an instrument to evaluate emotion regulation strategies for students to employ in academic environment; hence, this study aims to analyze the psychometric features and factor structure of Persian version of Academic Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (AERQ) to evaluate emotion regulation strategies of university students. This study was descriptive and correlational studies. The research method was descriptive of correlation type. The statistical population consisted of all university students of Tehran universities. A total of 250 university students were selected as sample members by available sampling method. The Academic Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Burić et al., 2016) was implemented along with the Achievement Goal Questionnaire-Revised (Elliot & Murayama, 2008). After excluding incomplete questionnaires and outliers 219 questionnaires remained. The questionnaire reliability was measured through Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency and the retest method. The confirmatory factor analysis and criterion validity were employed to analyze the questionnaire validity and standard scores for each range of scores were reported. All eight components of the original version were confirmed in the factor analysis. In the criterion validity, the variance explained by AERQ components was significant. Consisting of 37 items and 8 components, the Persian version of the AERQ has acceptable reliability and validity and can be utilized for research purposes.
Somayeh Mohebi; Omid Shokri; ali khodaei
Abstract
The Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) is a globally recognized measure of stress coping methods. However, research into the applicability of the CISS-SF in an Iranian context is still in its infancy. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the ...
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The Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) is a globally recognized measure of stress coping methods. However, research into the applicability of the CISS-SF in an Iranian context is still in its infancy. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations-Short Form (CISS-SF, Endler & Parker, 1994) among Iranian university students. Three-hundred university students (150 male and 150 female) completed the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations-Short Form (CISS-SF), the Self-Esteem Scale (SES, Rosenberg, 1965) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS, Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988). The confirmatory factor analysis method and internal consistency were used to compute the CISS-SF's factorial validity and reliability, respectively. Also, in order to examine the construct validity of the CISS-SF, we computed correlations between different dimensions of CISS-SF with self-esteem and positive and negative affect. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis, based AMOS software, showed that three-factor structure of the task-oriented coping, emotion-oriented coping and avoidance-oriented coping in the Iranian sample had good fit with data. Correlational analyses between task-oriented coping and emotion-oriented coping as well as avoidance-oriented coping with self-esteem and positive and negative affect provided initial evidence for the ACS convergent validity. Internal consistency coefficients for the task-oriented coping, emotion-oriented coping and avoidance-oriented coping subscales were .78, .79 and .79, respectively. In sum, these findings provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the CISS-SF as an instrument to measure coping styles among Iranian university students.
sajjad basharpoor; mina taherifard; gelavizh mohamadi
Abstract
Background: In two current decades, it is posed that the six factor of personality (HEXACO( provide the comprehensive explanation of personality, thus construction and validating the HEXACO questionnaires is important. Aim: Giving the importance of six factor model of personality (HEXACO) in behavioral ...
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Background: In two current decades, it is posed that the six factor of personality (HEXACO( provide the comprehensive explanation of personality, thus construction and validating the HEXACO questionnaires is important. Aim: Giving the importance of six factor model of personality (HEXACO) in behavioral research. Method: this research was conducted in order to investigate psychometric properties of Persian version of brief HEXACO inventory in university students. The all students of university of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2014 educational years comprised the statistic population of this study. three hundred and seventy students (211 male and 159 female) were selected Multistage cluster randomly, then participated in this research. The subjects responded individually to the questionnaires of brief HEXACO inventory, revised Life Orientation Test, GHQ-12 and big five personality at classrooms. The gathers data were analyzed by tests of Pearson correlation, independent t, and explorative and confirmatory factor analyze using by SPSS21 and LISREL8.8 softwares. Results: The results of the explorative factor analyze showed the six factors with eigenvalue higher than 1, this 6 factor were explaining 75/20 % of variance together. Confirmatory factor analysis indicators also implied to the optimal fitness of three-factor model of this questionnaire. The results of the Pearson correlation showed the statistically significant correlation between brief HEXACO and big five subscales. The cronbach,s alpha coefficients for the subscales were obtaining ranging 0/78-0/94. Conclusion: Basing the results of this study, it can be conclude that brief HEXACO inventory scale has well validly and reliability for uses in university student’s populations.
zohreh soleimani; Elaheh Hejazi; zahra Naghsh; narjes lari
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop markers of adulthood and achievements of them among students and determine its validity and reliability, based on qualitative research that has already been done in phenomenological method (soleimani & Hejazi,1397). For this reason, 610 students aged 18-29 ...
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The purpose of this study was to develop markers of adulthood and achievements of them among students and determine its validity and reliability, based on qualitative research that has already been done in phenomenological method (soleimani & Hejazi,1397). For this reason, 610 students aged 18-29 (317 males, 293 females) from Tehran University were selected by available sampling. After exploratory factor analysis, a questionnaire adapted to the Iranian context for measuring adulthood markers was constructed with 46 items and Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.905 in six dimensions: cognitive-emotional mastery, management and regulation of tasks for goal achievement, capacity to play a role in the family, adherence to values, independence, and role transition. The results indicated that there was a developmental stage of emerging adulthood among Tehran University students, their perception of adulthood is more relevant to individual and family skills, and an individual's perception of adulthood is proportional to the acquisition of these skills. Also, the factors of employment, financial independence and the capacity to manage family for men and the capacity of child care for women are more important criteria for adulthood achievement for students
Borzoo Amirpour; Afsaneh Shahbazirad
Abstract
Background: Self-efficacy is considered as an important factor in self-concept, motivational theories and health-related behaviors. Aim: This study carried out to investigate the confirmatory factor analysis, validity and reliability of social self-efficacy scale in Iranian students. Method: This correlation ...
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Background: Self-efficacy is considered as an important factor in self-concept, motivational theories and health-related behaviors. Aim: This study carried out to investigate the confirmatory factor analysis, validity and reliability of social self-efficacy scale in Iranian students. Method: This correlation study was a type of validation that social self-efficacy questionnaire of Grieve et al (2014), general social self-efficacy of Schwarzer & Jerusalem (1995), social indifference, acceptance and social solidarity questionnaire were given for 750 students at Kermanshah and Kangavar University of Payam Noor and Azad Islamic University of Kermanshah that selected available manner. In order to calculate the reliability used from the internal consistency method and for assessment contemporary validity used from correlation between the scores of the mentioned tools. For determine the construct validity used factor analysis. The software used to analyze the data was SPSS and Amos. Results: The results of factor analysis showed that most of the items in the tool, except for items 4,5, 9, and 16, had an appropriate load factor and five factors had a higher value than one and were explained 47/04 % of the observed variances. This matter could indicate a fairly relevant factor of the social self-efficacy questionnaire. Correlation coefficients showed that the contemporary validity of social self-efficacy scale with other tools was good. For internal consistency by using the Cronbach's alpha method and duplicate, that the values were 0.83 and 0.76, respectively was obtained. Conclusion: The scale of social self-efficacy has a good validity and reliability, and this scale can be used in clinical and research positions
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the Factor analysis of the Adult Self-Transcendence Inventory among students in Bu Ali Sina University . The population was all of students in Bu Ali Sina University in 2014-2015 academic years. Research sample was 300 girls and boys students which were ...
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the Factor analysis of the Adult Self-Transcendence Inventory among students in Bu Ali Sina University . The population was all of students in Bu Ali Sina University in 2014-2015 academic years. Research sample was 300 girls and boys students which were selected by using simple random sampling method. The instruments were Adult Self-Transcendence Inventoryand scale. The data collected from the sample were put into SPSS- 18 and were analyzed using statistical methods, Bartlet’s test of sphericity, Kaiser-Olkin Measure, Varimax Method for rotations, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Cronbach alpha coefficient. The factor analysis findings show that the test measures three factors named: self- independent, cosmic and alienation. The internal reliability coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) for total scale and all factors were high (0.63) and showed appropriate tool. Since wisdom is related to culture, so present study can be obtained factors for assesing the students' wisdom.
Abstract
Learning emotions are part of achievement emotions that are explained by the Control – Value Theory. The emotions such as enjoyment, anxiety, shame, relief, hope, hopelessness are emotions that students experience in academic setting. Nevertheless researches concentrate on the anxiety emotion. ...
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Learning emotions are part of achievement emotions that are explained by the Control – Value Theory. The emotions such as enjoyment, anxiety, shame, relief, hope, hopelessness are emotions that students experience in academic setting. Nevertheless researches concentrate on the anxiety emotion. The neglect of these emotions and lack of reliable instrument is one of important problem in educational system of Iran. The statistical community consisted of all undergraduate college students in Iran Shahid Beheshti University in 2013-2014 academic year (N=9421), and the sample consisted of 221 students from different academic disciplines that selected by use of «random sampling». The method developmental survey is used. This study surveys the learning emotions of Iranian Collage students and psychometrics properties (reliability and validity) of «Learning-Related Emotion Scales» (LRES) aimed to it validation for study Iranian college students achievement emotions. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that indexes of model include CFE, GFI, PGFI are fit and factor loads (b, B) are significant and scales have high reliability coefficient. The internal consistency of the scales was significant. So Learning-Related Emotion Scales can be used as a useful instrument for study and research the learning emotions of Iranian college students.
Shirin Kooshki; Shokoohosadat Banijamali; Heidar Ali Hooman
Volume 5, Issue 16 , July 2014, , Pages 118-136
Abstract
AbstractBackground and objectives:The purpose of the present research was to investigate Theorical model and psychometric properties of Persian version of AEQ were translated in to Farsi research on these areas negleted, may be because of lacking appropriate instrument. In response to this deficit, pekrun ...
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AbstractBackground and objectives:The purpose of the present research was to investigate Theorical model and psychometric properties of Persian version of AEQ were translated in to Farsi research on these areas negleted, may be because of lacking appropriate instrument. In response to this deficit, pekrun and et al(2005) developed a self-report instrument measuring various achievement emotions that students commonly experience in academic setting. The instrument contains scales for measuring enjoyment, hope, relief, anger, anxiety, shame, hopelessness, and boredom in class, learing and test contexts.Methods: First, the AEQ were translated in to Faris. After the pilot studing and resolving the mistakes, the Questionnaire were carried out to a sample group consisting of 300 students who were studying in Islamic Azad university in Tehran. Psychometric properties and Factor analysis were used to analyze the collected data. Results:The results showed that the AEQ scales are acceptably reliable and valid, and most of Questionnaire scale have acceptable Fit with data.
akbar rezai
Volume 4, Issue 12 , July 2013, , Pages 1-22
Abstract
Background: students experience different emotions in academic settings and these emotions highly affect their learning motivation performance andalso health. However the process of research on these areas is slow probably because of the lack of appropriate instruments. In response to this deficit pekrun ...
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Background: students experience different emotions in academic settings and these emotions highly affect their learning motivation performance andalso health. However the process of research on these areas is slow probably because of the lack of appropriate instruments. In response to this deficit pekrun et al developed a self report instrument to measure various achievement emotions that students commonly experience in academic settings. The instrument contains scales for measuring enjoyment hope pride anger relief anxiety shame hopelessness and boredom in class learning and test context. Conclusion: the results of the study indicated that the Persian version of the AEQ is a reliable and valid measuring instrument that can be used for the purposes of research and counseling.
mirza hasan hoseyni; romina farhadi nahad
Volume 3, Issue 8 , July 2012, , Pages 109-132
Abstract
A positive brand image could greatly influence the decision to attend a university and is, thus, given more significance by the universities around the word. However, there is no unanimity among the researchers regarding the measurement and classification of university image. Therefore, the university ...
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A positive brand image could greatly influence the decision to attend a university and is, thus, given more significance by the universities around the word. However, there is no unanimity among the researchers regarding the measurement and classification of university image. Therefore, the university brand image is suggested to be studied as a research problem in the related context. The purpose of this study is to identify the appropriate scales to measure the brand image of Payame Noor University. The free- association method was, thus, adopted to extract the brand image of the university from the students' self-explicated perceptions. The analysis of the results led to the identification of 13 attributes of Payame Noor University brand image. The identified scales would provide the university officials with the opportunity to compare the brand image of their respective university with that of other universities and identify their strengths and weaknesses in order to develop a competitive strategy.
akbar rezaee
Volume 1, Issue 1 , October 2010, , Pages 1-16
Abstract
The Schommer’s epistemological beliefs questionnaire is regularly used in studies on epistemological beliefs. However, many researchers pose some questions about the appropriateness of this instrument. The present study has been taken with the goal of investigating the reliability and factor structure ...
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The Schommer’s epistemological beliefs questionnaire is regularly used in studies on epistemological beliefs. However, many researchers pose some questions about the appropriateness of this instrument. The present study has been taken with the goal of investigating the reliability and factor structure of schommer’s epistemological beliefs questionnaire (1990). To do this, the questionnaire was translated into Persian (Farsi). Then, it was retranslated into English and compared with the original version to find and correct the gaps between the translated version and the original version. After the pilot study and resolving the possible mistakes, the final questionnaire was implemented for sample group consisting of 518 students studying in different fields in Tabriz Payame Noor University (302 students from humanities and 216 students from basic sciences).Cronbach Alpha calculation showed that none of reliability coefficients of sub-scales are acceptable. So, factor analysis was applied in this study to examine the construct validity and to reach an optimal factor structure. Before factor analysis of data, internal consistency was calculated for 63 questions. 27 questions due to under .10 and negative correlation between item-total score test were deleted from subsequent analyses. Using Principal Component's method, factor analysis was performed on 36 remaining questions. Investigatng of Scree plot of primary analysis showed two-factor solution. In order to achieve a two-factor structure, the analysis of Principal Components was done using Promax rotation method. 20 questions, due to factor load below .35 or due to meaningful and equal load on more than one factor in several rotations was deleted. Final analysis showed loading of the remained 16 questions on two factors. These factors were nominated according to content of the questions covered by simple/absolute knowledge and fast/fixed learning.Calculation of Cronbach Alpha coefficient showed that the reliability of two obtained factors is acceptable
masoud hossein jari; hamidreza zakeri
Volume 1, Issue 1 , October 2010, , Pages 1-21
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate usefullness of Persian version of King (2008) spiritual intelligence scale in Iranian culture and comparing spiritual intelligence among University students, junior clergy mans in religious schools (Howzeh), and students of art schools, so that the effect ...
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The present study was aimed to investigate usefullness of Persian version of King (2008) spiritual intelligence scale in Iranian culture and comparing spiritual intelligence among University students, junior clergy mans in religious schools (Howzeh), and students of art schools, so that the effect of field of study and interests on spiritual intelligence to be explored. For this propose, 304 people (168 female and 136 male) with various university majors, from religious schools, as well as from art schools, completed King spiritual intelligence scale. Results indicated desirable psychometric properties of the scale for use in Iranian sample. Except in Conscious State Expansion subscale, three groups were significantly different in such a way that junior clergy mans scored higher than two other groups. Investigating gender differences showed that males scored significantly higher than females in Conscious State Expansion subscale; but there were no significant differences in terms of Personal Meaning Production, Transcendental Awareness and Critical Existential Thinking subscales. Discussion of findings in the light of previous literature and some suggestions for further research terminate the article.
