mehdi arabzadeh; parvin kodivar
Volume 3, Issue 9 , October 2012, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
Academic delay of gratification predicts academic performance, motivation, self-regulation and self-efficacy in students. Due to the importance of academic delay of gratification in teaching-learning processes, there is a need for special tools proportional to the Iranian culture. The objective of this ...
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Academic delay of gratification predicts academic performance, motivation, self-regulation and self-efficacy in students. Due to the importance of academic delay of gratification in teaching-learning processes, there is a need for special tools proportional to the Iranian culture. The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of Persian form academic delay of gratification scale, including reliability, validity, and factor analysis. The population consisted of Iranian high school students from Karaj (N = 600, 326 boys and 274 girls) who were selected based on multistage cluster sampling. They were tested by academic delay of gratification scale and motivated strategies for learning questionnaire. Test- retest reliability academic delay of gratification scale based on the results of two performance tests and its internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha coefficients were calculated and confirmed. To analyze the concurrent validity and to determine the validity factor motivation strategy-learning questionnaire was used, which indicated that concurrent validity is adequate. In addition, results indicated that the separate confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for the male and female samples showed a goodness of fit with the data. The findings of factor analysis as well as the reliability and validity coefficients were similar to the previous studies conducted in the original culture. Regarding its good psychometric properties, the scale is an appropriate instrument to measure student's academic delay of gratification.
malihe sadat kazemi; soleh amiri; mokhtar malak pour; hoseyn molavi
Abstract
The British Picture Vocabulary Scale (BPVSJI) is one of the most applicable and common scales for measuring children’s language abilities. This scale is useful for educational, clinical and research uses.In this research the Persian and localized version of this scale is developed and corresponding ...
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The British Picture Vocabulary Scale (BPVSJI) is one of the most applicable and common scales for measuring children’s language abilities. This scale is useful for educational, clinical and research uses.In this research the Persian and localized version of this scale is developed and corresponding standardized, reliability and validity tests are done. 180 subjects were selected randomly from among 5. 7. 9 and 1 I years old children. Weehsier intelligence scale was used for measuring concurrent validity of the Persian version of British Picture Vocabulary Scale. The results are indicative of proper reliability, concurrent validity and diagnostic validity of the Persian version of British Picture Vocabulary Scale. Standardization results showed that the score distribution of 100 is at percentile rank of 50%. Examination of concurrent validity using Wechsler’s intelligence scale indicated the correlation 0.48 between verbal intelligence and vocabulary score. Also, examination of diagnostic validity indicated a significant difference between vocabulary scores of 5, 7, 9 and 11 years old children. Cronbach alpha was used for testing reliability. Cronbach alpha coefficient for 168 items of the Persian Version of British Picture Vocabulary Scale was calculated as 0.84. Based on these findings we can conclude that this vocabulary scale has proper psychometric characteristics for being applied by Persian-speaking children and individuals. Moreover, the larger variance seen in distribution of scores in this research in comparison to standardized samples studied in other countries probably indicates more class differences in the society considered in this research.
mahnaz ali akbari dehkordi; farhad shaghaghi; ali asghar kako juibari; mARYAM ZARE; zeynab shayghian; fatemeh amir abadi; faegheh khaleghi delavar; hoseynieh shahryari
Volume 3, Issue 8 , July 2012, , Pages 39-64
Abstract
The fact that childhood temperament is one of the most important determinants of adults' emotional and psychological disorders makes early assessment of difficult and problematic temperament necessary. Moreover, appropriate tools are needed to attain this objective. The present study seeks to evaluate ...
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The fact that childhood temperament is one of the most important determinants of adults' emotional and psychological disorders makes early assessment of difficult and problematic temperament necessary. Moreover, appropriate tools are needed to attain this objective. The present study seeks to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of ps-TCI in the Iranian preschoolers. A statistical sample of 200 children from five kindergartens in Shahriar was randomly selected through the process of cluster sampling, and their temperament and personality were tested by 18 kindergarten teachers using the Cloninger’s Preschool Temperament and Character Inventory. After fourteen days, the process was repeated, and its validity and reliability were assessed. The reliability was calculated by test-retest, spilt-half and Cronbach's alpha coefficient as 0.89, 0.75 and 0.82, respectively. The validity of the inventory was also investigated by convergent validity and exploratory factor analysis. The results from factor analysis and varimax rotation method yielded seven factors, including cooperativeness, harm- avoidance, novelty-seeking, reward-dependence, persistence, self- direction and self-transcendence which accounted for 59.19% of the total variance. The convergent validity was confirmed by computing a correlation coefficient between the subscales together and with total scale, which was significant between 0.62 and 0.71 (p<0.01). In conclusion, Cloninger’s preschool Temperament and Character Inventory generally proved to be a valid and reliable tool in evaluating the temperaments of the Iranian preschoolers.
akbar rezaee
Volume 3, Issue 7 , April 2012, , Pages 35-62
Abstract
Background: The Multidimensional Aptitude Battery (MAB) is a group intelligence test based on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale- Revised (WAIS-R). The MAB is designed for the assessment of a wide range of intellectual abilities of both adults and the16-year old or older adolescents. Objectives: The ...
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Background: The Multidimensional Aptitude Battery (MAB) is a group intelligence test based on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale- Revised (WAIS-R). The MAB is designed for the assessment of a wide range of intellectual abilities of both adults and the16-year old or older adolescents. Objectives: The purpose of the present research was to investigate the adaptation, normalization and the psychometric propertiesof the Persian version of the MAB among the Payame Noor Universitystudent population. Methods :First, the subtests were translated into Farsi. Then, some of the subtest items were adapted to the Iranian culture and were ready to be used. Finally, after the pilot study and resolving the errors, the final subtests were administered to a sample group consisting of 315 students of humanities and basic sciences in Payame Noor University of Tabriz.In this study, the mean and the standard deviation of the subtest raw scores were used to produce the standardized scores (with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10) and then the standardized score conversion chart was formulated. Results: The results of the internal consistency and test- retest reliability revealed that the MAB is adequately reliable. All the subtests had middle and high correlations with Raven’s Advanced Matrices’ intelligence test scores, which showed concurrent validity of these subtests. The correlation coefficients in the multidimensional aptitude subtests were in the range of 0.18 to 0.58. The correlation between the general information, vocabulary and picture completion subtest scores and age was positive and significant, but the correlation between digit symbol, spatial, picture arrangement and object assembly and age was negative and significant. The summary of the regression coefficient results showed that vocabulary subtests were the best predictor of the total score of verbal scale and the spatial subtests were the best predictor of the performance scales and the other subtests were of lower ranks. Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that the Persian version of the MAB is a reliable and valid measurement tool that can be used for academic and career counseling purposes, and basic researches.
naser yousefi
Volume 3, Issue 7 , April 2012, , Pages 91-120
Abstract
Background and Objectives:The main purpose of the present research was to validate the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS) among the married men and women who consult the counseling centers in the province of Sanandaj. Methods: The study adopted a correlative design (factor analysis via Tendentious ...
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Background and Objectives:The main purpose of the present research was to validate the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS) among the married men and women who consult the counseling centers in the province of Sanandaj. Methods: The study adopted a correlative design (factor analysis via Tendentious Oblimin Rotation Sort and confirmatory factor analysis). The study sample included 357 subjects who were randomly chosen during two phases (in the first phase, 283 subjects and in the second phase, 74 subjects) from among all the men and women clients in the counseling centers in Sanandaj. The participants completed the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS) and the Criterion Questionnaires, and then the data was analyzed using the factor analysis via Tendentious Oblimin Rotation Sort and confirmatory factor analysis.Results: The results obtained from the factor analysis via Tendentious Oblimin Rotation Sort indicated the seven factors of the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS), which later fitted the confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability coefficients of the internal consistency including Cronbach’s alpha and split-half were satisfactory for the 60 elements and seven factors (83% and 82% respectively). Furthermore, the discriminating and convergent validity coefficients of the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS) were examined by the measurement tools for Communication Patterns Questionnaire(CPQ), locus of control scale(LOCS),self-Differentiation of Self Inventory-2 (DSI-2) and the correlation results for the three criteria are respectively as follows: 46%, 36%, -41%, and -43% which are significant at (P<0001).Conclusion: The results of the factor analysis are consistent with previous findings and considering the validity and the reliability of the McMaster Clinical Rating Scale (MCRS), it can be used in research and clinical environments for distinguishing the normal people from the abnormal ones.
Haidarali homan; kamran ganji; roya farajollahi
Volume 2, Issue 6 , January 2012, , Pages 1-29
Abstract
Background: The clock drawing test (CDT) is a neuropsychological test that has been used as a part of evaluation & screening of adults with cognitive impairments.
Objectives: The aim of this research was study of possibility, reliability, validity and norm finding of Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in ...
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Background: The clock drawing test (CDT) is a neuropsychological test that has been used as a part of evaluation & screening of adults with cognitive impairments.
Objectives: The aim of this research was study of possibility, reliability, validity and norm finding of Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in 392 elementary school children of Tehran city.
Methods: The samples were selected by random multi step cluster sampling method. Students with behavioral, emotional, mental and pervasive developmental disorders eliminated after performing teacher form of Children Symptom Inventory (CSI-4, Gadow and Sprafkin, 1994) and Raven Progressive Matrices (Raven et al, 1983). Then, test copy of reproduction memoir figures (Caffarra et al, 2002) and CDT (Cohen et al, 2000) accomplished by 392 participants.
Results: Data analysis showed that the reliability coefficient Cronbach’s Alpha was 0/765. None of the 8 criterion for numbering of CDT was not omitted. Furthermore, inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability were equal. /95 and. /90 respectively. The structure validity of CDT was study by main component analysis method. The amount of sampling sufficiency by KMO measure was. /716 and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity was meaningful, then the condition were suitable for performing factor analysis. The results of factor analysis with Promax rotation extracting 2 parameters include: 1- Clock construction, 2- Time conception, that explained about 63% of total variance. Also, the concurrent validity of CDT and test copy of reproduction memoir figures was very suitable.
Conclusion: The clock drawing test has a good reliability and validity for cognitive evaluation of children.
karim Sevari
Volume 2, Issue 5 , October 2011, , Pages 1-15
Abstract
Background: Academic procrastination has been an important debate in recent years, and many researchers see it as a bad habit (Chase, 2003) and also a behavioral problem that many adults experience it in their daily activities (Johansen and Carton, 1999). Objective: The main purpose of this research ...
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Background: Academic procrastination has been an important debate in recent years, and many researchers see it as a bad habit (Chase, 2003) and also a behavioral problem that many adults experience it in their daily activities (Johansen and Carton, 1999). Objective: The main purpose of this research was to examine the psychometric properties of academic procrastination test. Method: 247 (142 females and 105 males) students of Payame Noor University of Ahvaz were selected using randomly multi-stage cluster sampling method. Results: A factor analysis, using the principal components analysis (vaimax rotation) resulted in three factors that consisted of 61/11% of variance. Cronbach's Alpha reliability coeffients (internal consistency) were satisfactory for the whole scale was ./85 (first factor: 0/77 , second: 0/6 & third factor: 0/70. Factor analysis showed that constructed test combined from 3 factor (deliberating procrastination, Physical-mental causing procrastination, and procrastination causing without programming. Validity of this test obtained through relation between Tuckman (1991) questionnaire with constructed test (0/ 35). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the academic procrastination test has a good reliability and validity, and is a useful instrument to assess students' academic procrastination.
javad mesrabadi
Volume 2, Issue 5 , October 2011, , Pages 1-24
Abstract
Background: Concept maps usage expanding as an academic achievement measurement tools great a challenge in scoring them. This study introduces three scoring methods of the concept maps tests: (1) relational method that in which a relationship between concepts separately was scored. (2) structural method ...
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Background: Concept maps usage expanding as an academic achievement measurement tools great a challenge in scoring them. This study introduces three scoring methods of the concept maps tests: (1) relational method that in which a relationship between concepts separately was scored. (2) structural method that based on scores was given to hierarchical organization of the concepts. (3) similarity method that in which a student’s concept map compares with a teacher’s concept map and assign score for each section of the map. Objective: The objective of the present research was to examining the validity and reliability of concept map-based tests scoring methods. critical validity, interpreter reliability and discriminative reliability were used to identify the most appropriate method of scoring. Method: the subjects of the research comprised 105 high school students in Tabriz city who were present in four classes. Results: Results showed that the relational method of scoring has higher quantities of the indicators than other methods. Similarity scoring method has the lowest indices in comparison with two other methods. Conclusion: These findings may have some implications in evaluating students' academic achievement which will be discussed in this paper. .
parvaneh kadivar; zahra tanha; mehdi Arabzadeh
Volume 2, Issue 4 , July 2011, , Pages 73-88
Abstract
The The investigation of psychometric properties of epistemological belief scale in mathematics including reliability, validity and exploratory factor analysis was the purpose of this study. To achieve this end 464 university students (149 famales and 315 males), were selected through cluster rom sampling. ...
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The The investigation of psychometric properties of epistemological belief scale in mathematics including reliability, validity and exploratory factor analysis was the purpose of this study. To achieve this end 464 university students (149 famales and 315 males), were selected through cluster rom sampling. The exploratory factor analysis were investigated through principal component method, this analysis confirmed six factors ( difficult problems, steps, understanding, word problems, effort and usefulness).To reach the concurrent validity of the scale, Schommer epistemological beliefs scale and Kloosterman and stage scale were conducted. The results of the analysis were acceptable. Test- retest reliability and internal consistency of the cronbach scale through, alpha coefficients confirmed. The results of factor analysis, conducted in the main culture and previous validity- reliability coefficient were closed to the studies. A psychometric property, of this scale allows applying to mathematical epistemological beliefs research.
Masoud Hosseinchari; Hossain Davoudi; Haydar Ali Hooman; Hassan Pasha Sharifi
Volume 2, Issue 3 , April 2011, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
he present research is mainly focused on how to standardize and prepare a short form for MMPI-2 questionnaire among Iranian university students. The sample consists of 3578 college students (1763 male and 1815 female) at different educational levels (AA, BA, MA, and PhD) from eight provinces, who were ...
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he present research is mainly focused on how to standardize and prepare a short form for MMPI-2 questionnaire among Iranian university students. The sample consists of 3578 college students (1763 male and 1815 female) at different educational levels (AA, BA, MA, and PhD) from eight provinces, who were selected via multistage cluster sampling procedure. An Iranian and shortened version of MMPI-2 consisting of 370 questions was used. To investigate the construct validity of Iranian Shortened Version of MMPI-2, and to evaluate its reliability the principal components factor analysis and Oblimin oblique rotation was used. Results showed that Cronbach's Alpha coefficient as an index of reliability was 0.84 at first. This coefficient was increased to 0.96 through the omission of some questions with a weak co-efficient correlation. Among the remaining 156 questions, thirteen factors were extracted using factor analysis, Oblimin oblique rotation, skewing diagram and explained variance percentile. These factors, as a whole, explained 40.15 percent of the total variance of the variables. The naming of the factors was according to the original MMPI-2 including: Psychasthenia (PT), Frequency (F), Hypomania (Ma), Schizophrenia (Sc), Correction (K), Hypochondriasis (Hs), Hysteria (Hy), Paranoia (Pa), Depression (D), Lie (L), Psychopathic deviate (Pd), Social introversion-extroversion (Si), and Masculinity-Femininity (Mf). General findings indicate that the shorted form of MMPI-2 qualifies psychometric properties for clinical use and research activities in Iranian culture, especially in university settings.
Moustafa Nickname; Ali Taghipour Zahir; ali delavar; Mohammad Ghafary Mojalaj
Volume 2, Issue 3 , April 2011, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
he aim of this study is to study the of validity and reliability of the Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation. The sample was a totall of 308 managers from educational administers in Tehran City. The results of this study showed that opportune reliability and validity for Questionnaire Assessing ...
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he aim of this study is to study the of validity and reliability of the Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation. The sample was a totall of 308 managers from educational administers in Tehran City. The results of this study showed that opportune reliability and validity for Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation. The internal consistency coefficient (Chronbach, s alpha) for Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation obtained 0.83. This was relatively high level of Chronbach. S alpha showed relatively high level of reliability. Correlation results among Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation subscales showed convergence at measurement of single phenomenon. The positive correlation of the Questionnaire Assessing Organizational Innovation showed opportune convergent validity.
Firouzeh Sepehrian
Volume 2, Issue 3 , April 2011, , Pages 1-15
Abstract
he purpose of this study was to prepare a primary scale which can be used in further extensive studies for preparing normative scale to assess enneagram personality types of Iranian university students in relation to native culture. To achieve this aim, at first, all subjects participated in enneagram ...
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he purpose of this study was to prepare a primary scale which can be used in further extensive studies for preparing normative scale to assess enneagram personality types of Iranian university students in relation to native culture. To achieve this aim, at first, all subjects participated in enneagram training class for ten sessions and we deeply surveyed the Riso- Hudson enneagram. Then, questions based on native culture and enneagram theory were developed. This scale was administered to 20 university students. The results of this pilot study demonstrated that certain questions need be changed and some should be deleted. This scale and RHETI test were simultaneously administered to 110 university students. The subjects were randomly selected from Oromiyeh University. The data were analyzed using mean, standarddeviation, Cronbach, s alpha, KMO, Bartlett, Confirmatory analysis, principal component analysis with Varimax rotation and Pearson correlation. The findings proved that this scale can have some useful applications.
saeedeh panahi; mohammad ali asghari moghadam; mohamad reza shaeeri; somayeh eghtedar nejhad
Volume 1, Issue 2 , January 2011, , Pages 21-46
Abstract
This paper examines the psychometric properties of a Persian version of the Short form of Health Anxiety Inventory (F- SHAI) among non-clinical Iranian population. After translation of the SHAI from English into Persian and pilot testing, the following steps were taken: first, the F-SHAI was administered ...
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This paper examines the psychometric properties of a Persian version of the Short form of Health Anxiety Inventory (F- SHAI) among non-clinical Iranian population. After translation of the SHAI from English into Persian and pilot testing, the following steps were taken: first, the F-SHAI was administered to 519 healthy students or employees from a number of universities in Tehran. The results of principal component analysis with Varimax rotation showed that three factors best explained the F-SHAI structure amongst the study sample. These factors were (1) “Illness Probability”, (2) “Illness Consequences”, and (3) “Preoccupation with Illness”. Cronbach alphas, mean inter-item correlations and test-retest coefficients (with 21-day interval) showed that this solution was reliable. Second, in order to examine the convergent and divergent validity of the F-SHAI and its 3 subscales, 472 participants from the original sample (i.e., 519) completed the two measures of Illness Attitude Scale (IAS) and Positive and Negative Affects Scales (PANAS). Pearson correlations were calculated between the F-SHAI and its 3 subscales with the total scores of the IAS and positive affect and negative affect of the PANAS. These results provide further support for the convergent validity of the F-SHAI and its 3 subscales. Furthermore, these results confirme the divergent validity of the F- SHAI and the two subscales of “Illness Probability” and “Illness Consequences”. The authors suggest that the F-SHAI and its 3 subscales are sufficiently valid and reliable for research purposes in the Iranian population.
shokuh o sadat bani jamali
Volume 1, Issue 2 , January 2011, , Pages 47-74
Abstract
The present study was aimed at standardizing the Physical, Mood and Affective characteristics Inventory in accordance with cultural attributes of Iranian society. The study was accomplished in two preliminary and final stages. In preliminary stage, an inventory consisting of 51 items was administered ...
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The present study was aimed at standardizing the Physical, Mood and Affective characteristics Inventory in accordance with cultural attributes of Iranian society. The study was accomplished in two preliminary and final stages. In preliminary stage, an inventory consisting of 51 items was administered on 52 subjects with mental illness and 52 subjects who were mentally healthy. In final stage, the inventory was administered on a randomly selected sample, comprising 2335 subjects. In preliminary stage, the formal validity, criterion validity in relation to MMPI (short form) and differential validity were calculated. The results indicated that the inventory had desirable validity. In addition, the consistency coefficient of the inventory was obtained utilizing cronbach's a- method for both patient and non-patient groups (0.92 and 0.93, respectively). In final stage, the validity of inventory was calculated using factor analysis. The obtained value of Bartlett's test of sphericity was 0.63. 13 factors were derived based on scree test and with the preassumption of eigenvalue above (1). Omitting the extra factors, 6 out of 13 exploratory factors were left, as the main ones. The correlation Coefficient of each item score with the total score was calculated the index of internal consistency. The obtained coefficients were all significant (p<0/001). The criterion validity of the inventory, gained through concurrent administration with SCL-90 test on 320 subjects, was significant(p<0/001). Differential validity for the main sample (n=2335) was obtained by calculating the differences of mean scores for high school and college students, as well as boys and girls separately, on six factors. The reliability of the inventory was obtained utilizing, loop method. The value of total reliability coefficient, along with reliability coefficient, along with reliability coefficient in case of items omission, were a=0/9006 and a=0/9566 for the first and econd administrations respectively. The reliability of the inventory was also gained through test-retest method, with the correlation coefficient being signification at 0.99 level of confidence. Ultimately, the inventory norm, T and Z normal scores were obtained and normative hexagonal model was presented for sample groups separately.
ali mohammad zadeh; mahmud najafi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , January 2011, , Pages 117-130
Abstract
The Big Five Inventory (BFI-10) is a shorter, 10 item version of the BFI. It was designed to be used when time limitations in a research protocol does not allow using the longer BFI. It measures personality in one minute or less. In this report, we evaluate 10-item measures of the Big-Five personality ...
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The Big Five Inventory (BFI-10) is a shorter, 10 item version of the BFI. It was designed to be used when time limitations in a research protocol does not allow using the longer BFI. It measures personality in one minute or less. In this report, we evaluate 10-item measures of the Big-Five personality dimensions. The current study was conducted in survey and cross sectional as well as ex-post facto research context. A group of 317 randomly selected normal participants took part in this research. Principal component analysis extracted five factors which were labeled big five traits. However, for this scale other type of validity (convergent validity) and three reliabilities (test, retest, split half and internal constancy) were reported. The factor analysis and validity reliability coefficients demonstrated the same factor structure that previously found. Based on these results, it was concluded that BFI-10 contain good validity and reliability in Iranian population and it can be used, as valid measure in personality screening studies.
mohammad askari; sasan maleki
Volume 1, Issue 1 , October 2010, , Pages 1-23
Abstract
To test the reliability, validity and normalization of CTST in Malayer University, a sample size of 340 male and female students was randomly selected. The subjects answered the above-mentioned test under the same condition. The items of the test were translated and adapted to the Iranian culture. The ...
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To test the reliability, validity and normalization of CTST in Malayer University, a sample size of 340 male and female students was randomly selected. The subjects answered the above-mentioned test under the same condition. The items of the test were translated and adapted to the Iranian culture. The reliability of the test was calculated as 0.689 through the use of Kuder-Richardson, 0.558 through test split half, and 0.652 through test-retest methods. The validity of the test was determined through construct validity (convergent and divergent validities). Correlation of the test score was calculated as 0.64 through the application of Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Test. Additionally, the correlation of the test with regard to the students' achievement and Cattle anxiety test was calculated as 0.31 and -0.25, respectively, which showed that critical thinking, academic achievement and anxiety are different constructs. Factor analysis of the answered questions revealed that the test includes 15 factors with the Eigen value greater than 1 which justifies 61.42% of the variance in the whole test. It is, however, worth mentioning that within the first three factors that included more than three questions had a factor loud greater than 0.3. No significant difference was observed in the test score mean among the various educational and sex groups.
