نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه آموزشی روان شناسی

2 دانشگاه تهران

3 استاد دانشگاه خوارزمی

4 مرکز ملی مطالعات بین المللی پرلزو تیمز

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی بعدیت و کارکرد افتراقی سوال آزمون‌‌ مبتنی بر متن پرلز 2011 ایران انجام گرفت. جهت تحلیل بعدیت از مدل‌های پاسخ مدرج شده و دو عاملی نظریه سوال-پاسخ با روش برآورد اطلاعات کامل بیشینه درست نمایی و جهت بررسی کارکرد افتراقی سوال از مدل دو عاملی چند گروهی کای و همکاران (2011) استفاده شد. نتایج بررسی بعدیت نشان داد مدل دو عاملی نسبت به مدل پاسخ مدرج شده برازش بهتری با داده‌ها هم در کل نمونه ایرانی و هم در گروه پسران و دختران دارد. نتایج واریانس اثر متن‌ نشان داد اثر عوامل ثانوی بر عملکرد دانش‌آموزان ایرانی در دو متن مرتبط با درک مطلب ادبی موجب بعدیت در متن‌های پرلز ایران شده‌ است. نتایج نشان داد بین متوسط عملکرد دانش‌آموزان پسر و دختر در صفت نهفته کلی درک مطلب تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد اما در سه متن ادبی و سه متن اطلاعاتی بین متوسط کارآمدی خواندن پسران و دختران تفاوت معناداری به نفع دختران وجود دارد . نتایج کارکرد افتراقی سوالات بر مبنای مدل دو عاملی نیز نشان داد بیشتر سوالات دارای کارکرد افتراقی یکپارچه و غیر یکپارچه هستند و پسران بیشتر در سوالات چندگزینه‌ای و دختران بیشتر در سوالات پاسخ‌ساز عملکرد بهتری دارند. به طور کلی نتایج نشان داد در متن‌های پرلز 2011 ایران صفات مرتبط با دو متن درک مطلب ادبی در بین دانش‌آموزان پسر و دختر ایرانی به گونه متفاوتی ادراک می‌شوند و این دو متن در بین دختران وابستگی مکانی سوال بیشتری نسبت به پسران دارند. همچنین نتایج حاکی از تفاوت عملکرد دانش‌آموزان پسر و دختر ایرانی در سوالات آزمون شکل آمیخته پرلز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Applying Bi-factor Multidimensional Item-response Theory Model for Dimensionality and Differential items Functioning Analysis on Testlet-Based Tests

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad ahmadi deh qutbuddini 1
  • ebrahim khodai 2
  • Valiollah Farzad 3
  • ali moghadam zadeh 2
  • masoud kabiri 4

1 department of psychology

2 tehran university

3 assistan professor in university of kharazmi

4 national center for international studies of PIRLS and TIMSS

چکیده [English]

The present study has been done with the purpose of investigating the dimensionality and differential item functioning of the testlet-based test of Iran's PIRLS 2011. In order to analyze the dimensionality, graded response and bi-factor item-response theory models were used with full-information maximum likelihood estimation method and to analyze the differential item functioning multiple-group bi-factor model of Cai et al (2011) was applied. The results of the dimensionality investigation showed that the bi-factor model is better fitted to the data than the graded response model both in Iran's total sample and in boy and girl groups. The results of testlets effect variance showed that effects of second factors on Iranian students' performance in two testlet related to literal comprehension, has caused dimensionality in Iran's PIRLS testlets. The results showed that there was no significant difference in average students' performance of the boy and girl in general latent trait of reading comprehension, but the difference between the average reading proficiency of the boy and the girl in three literal and three informational testlet in favor of girls was significant. The result of differential items functioning based on the bifactor model showed that many items have an uniform and non-uniform differential item functioning, and boys in multiple-choice items and girls in constructed response items have better performances. In general, the results showed that in Iran's PIRLS 2011 testlets, the traits related to the two literal comprehension testlets were differently perceived between boy and girl students, and these two testlet had more local item dependence among girls than boys. Also, the results indicated a difference between the performance of Iranian boy and girl students in the mixed items format test of PIRLS.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • graded response model
  • bi-factor multi-dimensional IRT model
  • dimensionality
  • differential item functioning
  • testlet-based tests
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